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Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
BIOLOGY, MEDICINE, & NATURAL PRODUCT CHEMISTRY, this journal is published to attract and disseminate innovative and expert findings in the fields of plant, animal, and microorganism secondary metabolite, and also the effect of natural product on biological system as a reference source for researchers in these fields, and with the aim to set international standards in their methodology.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 666 Documents
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Biological Determinants of Memory Performance In Qur’an Memorizers: Evidence from Cathecol-O-Methyl-Transferase (COMT) Gene Expression And Protein Levels Rosdianah Rahim; Suryani As’ad; Veni Hadju; Saidah Syamsuddin; Muhammad Hatta; Nadyah Haruna; Syatirah Jalaluddin; Yessy Kurniati
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1373-1380

Abstract

Memory performance during adolescence is a key aspect of cognitive development and is strongly influenced by dopaminergic regulation in the prefrontal cortex. Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) plays a critical role in modulating dopamine availability and cognitive function. This study examined the relationships between age, COMT gene expression, COMT protein levels, and memory performance among adolescents engaged in structured memorization activities. A quantitative cross-sectional design was applied involving male adolescent participants. Memory performance was assessed using a standardized psychometric test, while COMT gene expression and protein levels were measured using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and correlation tests. The results demonstrated a significant negative association between age and memory performance within the adolescent range. In contrast, COMT gene expression and protein levels showed strong positive correlations with memory performance, indicating that higher molecular regulation of dopamine was associated with superior cognitive outcomes. Memorization duration and quantity were not significantly related to memory performance. These findings support dopamine-based models of cognitive regulation and highlight the importance of molecular biomarkers in understanding adolescent memory development. The study contributes to developmental cognitive research by emphasizing biologically informed approaches and provides a foundation for future longitudinal investigations.
Fermentation Characteristics and Bioactive Properties of Kombucha Senna alexandrina Mill. Leaves Oktira Roka Aji; Diah Asta Putri; Alya Firli Refanza Putri; Nabela Dwi Wahyu Nurvi Fibriyanti; Siti Nurhasanah
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1329-1336

Abstract

Kombucha is a fermented beverage produced by a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) and is widely recognized for its functional properties. This study investigated the fermentation characteristics, bioactive properties, antibacterial activity, ethanol content, and sensory attributes of kombucha produced from senna leaves (Senna alexandrina Mill.) during different fermentation periods (0, 4, 8, and 12 days). Physicochemical parameters including pH, optical density, SCOBY biomass, reducing sugar, and total titratable acidity were monitored, while bioactive properties were evaluated through total phenolic content and antioxidant activity (IC50). Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, ethanol content, and sensory characteristics were also analyzed. The results showed that fermentation significantly decreased pH while increasing total titratable acidity, optical density, and SCOBY biomass, indicating active microbial metabolism. Total phenolic content increased during fermentation from 96.80 to 119.56 µg GAE/mL, accompanied by a substantial improvement in antioxidant activity as indicated by decreasing IC50 values. Antibacterial activity against E. coli was absent in the unfermented sample but emerged after fermentation. Ethanol concentration increased gradually but remained very low (0.0141% at day 12), well below regulatory limits for non-alcoholic and halal beverages. Sensory evaluation showed that fermentation time influenced taste and aroma, while color remained relatively stable. Overall, the findings demonstrate that senna leaves can serve as a suitable herbal substrate for kombucha fermentation and contribute to the development of functional fermented beverages with enhanced bioactive properties.
Enhancing Galactomannan Recovery from Coconut Meat: Impact of Autoclaving Pretreatment in a High-Shear Compartment Reactor System Arief Rakhman Affandi; Sinta Dewi; Iffah Muflihati; Rini Umiyati
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1381-1389

Abstract

Galactomannan in coconut meat is tightly bound within its fiber matrix, limiting extraction efficiency. Autoclave pretreatment, combining heat, pressure, and moisture, can loosen this structure and improve galactomannan release. This study examined the effects of autoclaving temperature (100°C–130°C) and water addition (0–45%) on the physical and chemical properties of grated coconut prior to extraction. This study examined the effect of autoclaving temperature on the physicochemical properties and extraction yield of galactomannan. Four pretreatment temperatures were evaluated: 100, 110, 120, and 130 °C. The 100°C treatment produced the highest yield (8.45%), swelling power (8.67%), color values (L* = 53.44, a* = 5.48, b* = 9.09), and reducing sugar content (18.03%). Statistical analysis confirmed that autoclaving temperature significantly influenced extraction yield. Overall, 100°C was identified as the optimal pretreatment condition for enhancing galactomannan extraction from coconut meat.
Effect of Moringa oleifera Leaf Flour Supplementation on Magnesium (Mg) and Potassium (K) Contents of Crackers as a Nutritious Snack Desi Desi; Abd Hakim Laenggeng; Masrianih Masrianih; Musdalifah Nurdin; Raya Agni; I Nengah Kundera
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1337-1344

Abstract

Moringa oleifera leaf flour is recognized as a local food ingredient rich in essential minerals, particularly magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K), which play important roles in various physiological functions of the human body. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf flour supplementation on the magnesium and potassium contents of crackers. The research employed an experimental approach using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments: 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% Moringa oleifera leaf flour supplementation, with two replications for each treatment. Magnesium and potassium contents were quantitatively determined using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) method. The data were analyzed using One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that increasing concentrations of Moringa oleifera leaf flour tended to increase the magnesium and potassium contents of the crackers, with magnesium levels ranging from 0.06 to 0.09 mg/g and potassium levels ranging from 0.79 to 1.93 mg/g. However, statistical analysis revealed that the addition of Moringa oleifera leaf flour did not significantly affect magnesium content (p = 0.377), whereas it had a significant effect on potassium content (p = 0.001). These findings indicate that magnesium and potassium responded differently to the fortification process. Therefore, Moringa oleifera leaf flour demonstrates considerable potential as a fortification ingredient, particularly for enhancing potassium content in crackers as a nutritious snack alternative.
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation as Prehabilitation for Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Pilot Within-Patient Case Series Nita Damayanti; Whida Rahmawati; Rina Puspasari Suryana; Jeremmy Sebastian
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1391-1397

Abstract

Quadriceps muscle strength loss after total knee arthroplasty remains a major barrier that impairs functional recovery. Pre-operative rehabilitation has been proposed to enhance this problem, yet existing evidence is inconsistent. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation may offer a feasible option for patients limited by pre-operative pain. This pilot study explored the feasibility and observed recovery trends of a structured NMES-based prehabilitation program before the second TKA in staged bilateral cases. Seven female patients undergoing staged bilateral TKA participated in this prospective within-patient comparative case series. Each patient served as their own control. The first TKA received standard post-operative rehabilitation only, while the in-contralateral knee received a 10-week NMES prehabilitation program before the second TKA. Outcomes included pain intensity (VAS), knee range of motion (ROM), quadriceps muscle strength (MMT), and functional performance (TUG, 6 MWT) were tracked descriptively at baseline, 3,6,12 weeks and 12 months post-operative. Given the pilot nature, data are presented descriptively with individual trajectories. Results showed that from 12 months on prehabilitation knee demonstrated clinically meaningful improvements over postoperative rehabilitation, showed lower pain score, greater knee flexion ROM (112.14 vs 109.29), and quadriceps strength was higher (MMT 4.57 vs 3.57). Six of seven participants showed consistent within-trajectories favoring prehabilitation. The protocol was well-tolerated without adverse events. In this small exploratory pilot case series study, NMES-based prehabilitation before the second TKA was feasible and was associated with a more favorable recovery pattern within the same patients at 12 months. While causal conclusions cannot be made, the within-patient design helps limit inter-individual variability and support further research in larger controlled trials of prehabilitation in TKA recovery.
The Potential of Food Waste-Derived Organic Fertilizer Produced Using Biopore Technology on the Growth of Spinach (Amaranthus hybridus) Aulia Putri Ramadhani; I Nengah Kundera; Manap Trianto; Lilies Tangge; Yulia Windarsih; Amalia Buntu
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2026.151.1345-1351

Abstract

Food-wasting behavior contributes significantly to the increasing volume of household organic waste, which has the potential to pollute the environment if not managed properly. This study aimed to describe the potential of food waste processed using the biopore technique as an organic fertilizer for the growth of spinach (Amaranthus hybridus) and to determine the optimal application concentration that promotes the best plant growth. This study employed an experimental method using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Five concentrations of biopore organic fertilizer were tested with four replications: P0 (control/no fertilizer), P1 (25 g), P2 (50 g), P3 (100 g), and P4 (150 g). The observed parameters included plant height (cm), number of leaves, and leaf area (cm2), which were measured periodically for four weeks after planting (WAP). The collected data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that the application of biopore organic fertilizer derived from food waste had a significant effect on all growth parameters evaluated. Based on the post hoc analysis, treatment P4 (150 g/L concentration, equivalent to 15%) consistently produced the best growth performance. At the end of the observation period (4 WAP), P4 resulted in an average plant height of 13.23 cm, an average of 8 leaves per plant, and a leaf area of 6.10 cm2. These values were significantly higher than those of the control group (P0) and the other lower-concentration treatments. In conclusion, food waste decomposed through biopore holes has considerable potential to be utilized as an agronomically valuable organic fertilizer. A concentration of 15% (P4) is recommended as the most effective formulation for sustainably promoting the growth of Amaranthus hybridus L. plants.

Page 67 of 67 | Total Record : 666

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