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Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 20867050     EISSN : 25286013     DOI : 10.20473/mkp.V34I22021.119-132
Core Subject : Humanities, Art,
Arts Humanities
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 404 Documents
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Voting behavior in Asian democracies: A comprehensive synthesis of contemporary research Sulaiman, Suryanagara Muhammad Iftitah; Rahmatunnisa, Mudiyati; Bainus, Arry; Umam, Ahmad Khoirul
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 38 No. 2 (2025): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkp.V38I22025.139-155

Abstract

This article aims to systematically review the literature on voting behavior in Asian democracies, particularly in the post-Cold War era, to consolidate fragmented insights and to gain a strong understanding about existing scholarships and political development after the third wave of democratization in the region. Around 41 noteworthy publications from the Scopus database, published from 1990 to 2023, were analyzed by highlighting the diversity and limitations of conceptualizations, theoretical lens, and also methodological approaches to understand complexities and irregularities especially in the factors that influence voting behavior in Asian democracies. This study finds that voting behaviors in Asian democracies are shaped by a complex interplay of sociological, psychological, and rational, as well as institutional and structural factors. As political landscapes change, innovative electoral trends keep arise, and the region is politically and culturally heterogeneous, and maintaining an accurate and contextually based approach to reviewing voter behavior in Asia will remain fundamental for developing both academic discourse and also sensible democratic governance in the region.
The creativity of farmers participating in contract farming to drive the economic activities of rural area Rustinsyah, Rustinsyah; Prasetyo, Djoko Adi; Handayani, Pinto Rukmi
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 38 No. 2 (2025): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkp.V38I22025.122-138

Abstract

This study elaborates on the creativity of melon farmers to overcome problems and gain benefits in this inherently high-risk farming. The research was conducted in the villages of Plumpang District, an area in East Java known for its quality melon produce. Data were collected from 100 respondents from these villages. Respondents were selected purposively by considering demographic and farming characteristics. The relationship between contract farming and farmer creativity was examined using Spearman Rank analysis. Statistical test confirms the relationship between contract farming practices and melon farmers’ creativity. The low correlation is due to the determining factor, namely, extreme climatic conditions, which have a damaging impact on crops. Furthermore, an increase in investment ranks first among the nine indicators of farmer creativity. This implies that contract farming practice is highly correlated with increased investment. Moreover, the majority (75%) of farmers’ profit from contract farming increases investment. This study concludes that these creative farmers empowered by contract farming promote economic activity in rural areas. These findings will be useful as a starting point for future research on the effects of contract farming as a driver of economic activity and its subsequent contribution to the sustainability of rural development.
Unveiling the power behind the curtain: The influence of political wives of local chief executives in the Philippines Pamposa, Angel; Nitafan, Rowell P.
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 38 No. 2 (2025): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkp.V38I22025.170-186

Abstract

For centuries, the role of political spouses has been a crucial, though often overlooked, facet of political life. While scholarly and public attention predominantly fixates on the politician, the contributions of their partners have played a significant role in shaping and influencing the political landscape, a dynamic frequently underexplored in political discourse. To explicate the phenomenon, the study was conducted to explore the role of political spouses in the political landscape of the country, particularly the power of wives of local chief executives (LCEs) in local governance. The study is qualitative research that employed case study design to examine the scope of influence and extent of control of the first ladies of municipal and city mayors in Mindanao during the 2022-2025 term of office—an area of public leadership that remains largely understudied within mainstream political analysis. The study revealed both shared and diverse views and insights among political wives in balancing their roles as mothers and spouses of local chief executives. Across participants, they regarded their roles as demanding yet rewarding, requiring adaptability, strong support networks, and effective time management. They consistently acted as informal advisors, influencing policy and advocacy efforts through their proximity to power. Their accounts highlighted active engagement in community development and navigating public and private responsibilities. While their perspectives were broadly similar, individual journeys differed based on strategies employed to manage these dual demands.
Social movements in the digital age: A bibliometric analysis of strategies and structures in achieving social change Asmiyono, Elzania; Rahmawati, Dian Eka
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 38 No. 2 (2025): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkp.V38I22025.156-169

Abstract

The digital era has significantly transformed how societies engage in social movements by introducing innovative tools and platforms. This study analyzes the role of non-social media digital technologies, such as blockchain, online petition platforms, and crowdfunding systems, in fostering inclusive and sustainable social movements. Using qualitative methods with bibliometric analysis, this research investigates the strategic and structural transformation of social movements in the digital age. The findings highlight that while blockchain offers transparency in fundraising and decision-making processes, platforms like Avaaz and Change.org enhance public participation and legitimacy in advocacy. Crowdfunding platforms provide financial solutions for overlooked social projects, and applications like Open311 strengthen citizen-government relationships. Despite these benefits, challenges such as slacktivism, misinformation, and algorithmic biases remain significant barriers. The study concludes by proposing a blended approach, integrating digital and traditional offline strategies, to achieve impactful and sustainable social change. This research contributes to the literature by exploring underexamined digital tools beyond social media, providing actionable recommendations for activists, policymakers, and technologists.
Liberal or lost? How political education and social media shape the ideological maze of students Bolqiah, Luthfi Hasanal
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 38 No. 2 (2025): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkp.V38I22025.187-201

Abstract

The ideological orientation and political attitudes of students are influenced by formal political education and exposure to social media; however, the interaction between these two factors in shaping ideological coherence, flexibility, and complexity remains underexplored. This study employs Patrick H. O’Neil’s theoretical framework to analyze the spectrum of political ideologies beyond the traditional left-right dichotomy. Using a descriptive comparative quantitative method, a survey involving 200 political science and non-political science students. The research reveals that political education does not always foster ideological consistency but rather enhances ideological diversity and flexibility. Political science students exhibit moderate ideological diversity, demonstrating openness to a broad spectrum of ideologies, including fascism and communism, particularly in discussions about corruption, the military, and political parties. However, this diversity does not correlate with a stronger inclination toward liberalism. In contrast, non-political science students display slightly higher ideological consistency, with a predominant leaning toward social democracy. While social media facilitates incidental exposure to political discourse, its role in driving ideological transformation appears limited. Furthermore, this study challenges the classic assumption that structured political education inherently promotes liberal attitudes, underscoring the need for an adaptive educational framework that accounts for the complexities of political engagement in the digital era.
Tracing the strategic roots of Confucianism in China’s contemporary foreign policy Yakti, Probo Darono; Susanto, Siti Rokhmawati; Wicaksana, I Gede Wahyu; Afdholy, Nadya
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 38 No. 2 (2025): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkp.V38I22025.202-214

Abstract

As China asserts its global role, principles such as harmony (hé), benevolence (rén), and the doctrine of the mean (zhōng yōng) increasingly influence its diplomatic behavior. These values form the basis of what this study calls a “Defensive-Moderate Confucian Approach,” integrating strategic culture, constructivism, defensive realism, and soft power. This article examines how Confucian strategic values shape China’s foreign policy, particularly under Xi Jinping’s leadership. Through case studies of China’s relations with the United States and India, the paper highlights how Confucian ethics guide both cooperative projects like the Belt and Road Initiative and calibrated responses in territorial disputes. While contradictions between moral ideals and strategic interests occasionally emerge, Confucianism remains a key reference in shaping China’s pursuit of order and stability. The article argues that China’s international conduct cannot be fully explained by materialist frameworks alone. Instead, Confucian thought offers a culturally grounded lens for interpreting its foreign policy choices. By doing so, the study contributes to broader discussions in International Relations and Chinese Studies on the enduring impact of historical values in contemporary global politics.
Ideology, culture, and national unity under Soekarno’s leadership Cahyadi, Indrawan; Yunani, Ahmad; Dachlan, Muhammad; Suhendra, Ahmad; Turokhmah, Novia
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 38 No. 3 (2025): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkp.V38I32025.215-230

Abstract

This article explores President Sukarno’s cultural politics in shaping the ideological framework, mobilizing tradition, and fostering national unity in the early Republic of Indonesia (1945–1965). Sukarno’s articulation of Pancasila went beyond a mere political manifesto by embedding the five principles in cultural performances, state-sponsored rituals, and heritage initiatives. Through major exhibitions, architectural projects, and mass media campaigns, Sukarno mobilized folklore, traditional arts, and popular culture to construct a shared national narrative. Furthermore, the Nasakom doctrine exemplifies his efforts to integrate nationalism, religion, and communism into a cohesive cultural narrative, reducing ideological divisions and formalizing pluralist discourses. Using qualitative research with discourse analysis of speeches, policy decrees, and contemporary media reports—and grounded in Gramscian cultural hegemony theory—this study unpacks the mechanisms of cultural governance under Sukarno. Findings suggest that these cultural strategies played a significant role in consolidating state authority, fostering a sense of collective identity, and leaving a lasting imprint on Indonesian civic culture beyond Sukarno’s presidency. This article contributes to scholarship on postcolonial nation-building by bridging political history and cultural studies, offering new insights into the performative dimensions of early Indonesian statehood.
Ethnic inequality and the crisis of governance: Comparative lessons from Nigeria and South Sudan Asmorowati, Sulikah; Ceesay, Almamo
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 38 No. 3 (2025): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkp.V38I32025.247-261

Abstract

The postcolonial African state has frequently been conceptualised as an artificial construction. Ethnic inequality remains a critical yet underexplored structural determinant of governance failure in multi-ethnic states. This study explores how ethnic inequality contributes to governance crises in ethnically diverse states, focusing on Nigeria and South Sudan. This study was guided by the research question of whether ethnic inequality contributes to governance crises in Nigeria and South Sudan, and what lessons can be drawn for fragile states globally. It employs a qualitative comparative analysis to identify institutionalized and informal ethnic exclusion, revealing that Nigeria’s formal mechanisms for ethnic inclusion are undermined by elite capture and clientelism, leading to governance dysfunction. In contrast, South Sudan’s governance is dominated by informal ethnic militarism, resulting in state collapse. This study contributes new empirical and theoretical insights by linking ethnic inequality directly to the governance breakdown in fragile African states, offering lessons applicable to other divided societies.
The influence of dating apps on sexual behavior among female students: a sociocultural analysis Efendi, Zakaria; Hanim, Meysella Al Firdha; Abdullah, Irwan; Jubba, Hasse; Nurazizah, Siti
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 38 No. 3 (2025): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkp.V38I32025.262-275

Abstract

Online dating apps have become a means for some female college students in Yogyakarta to find sexual partners. Apps such as Tinder, Bumble, and Tantan indicate people nearby and have anonymity features that make it easier for users to connect with people, allowing for a freer exploration of sexual identity, thus contributing to the formation of promiscuous sexual behavior among female college students. This study aims to analyze the role of dating apps in shaping promiscuous sexual behavior among female college students in Yogyakarta from a sociocultural perspective. Using a qualitative approach and ethnographic method, this study found that dating apps are used as a means of finding partners to fulfill sexual desires without serious commitment. Factors such as ease of access, anonymity, the flexible social environment, and the influence of popular culture play an important role in reducing the social supervision that previously restricted sexual behavior. The findings suggest that dating apps not only facilitate physical encounters but also create new spaces for female college students to adopt more permissive sexual values. The features of anonymity and ease of access create an open space for the free exploration of sexual identity and the adoption of new values related to sexuality, influenced by popular culture and a flexible social environment.
Diffusion of artificial intelligence across Indonesia: Digital disparities, local contexts, and policy implications Aziz, Muhajir Sulthonul; Subiakto, Henri; Puspa, Ratih
Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 38 No. 3 (2025): Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkp.V38I32025.276-292

Abstract

Digital literacy across the urban–rural divide in Indonesia plays a significant role in the adoption/implementation of AI. This study attempts to investigate the principal factors behind AI introduction within a descriptive qualitative study and collaborative case study design. The current study is qualitative, using semi-structured interviews with 180 informants conducted in 36 communities from eight key islands during the period of October to December 2024. The findings indicate that rural areas lag behind urban areas in terms of infrastructure, digital literacy readiness and perceived technological complexity, whereas urban areas benefit from the vibrant ecosystems, institutional support as well as accumulation of training programs. Any vision for digital transformation should be joined up and include increased infrastructure investment, investment in community based digital literacy programs as well as development of AI applications that are locally relevant and culturally sensitive. These results elaborate on the Diffusion of Innovations Theory as articulated by Rogers, showing how infrastructural and sociocultural contexts interact in the adoption of technology, while also offering new perspectives for policy and practice in contrasting low and middle-income contexts.

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