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Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 19790201     EISSN : 25496212     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry or known as PJD, is an English-language scientific periodicals published by the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran thrice a year on every March, July and November. The submission process of manuscript is open throughout the year. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication. Designed as a medium of information and scientific knowledge, Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry publishes numerous research articles, in the area of Oral Biology, Dental Material Science and Technology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pedodontics, Dental Public Health and Community Dentistry, Conservative Dentistry, Periodontics, Prosthodontics, Orthodontics, Oral Medicine, Dental Radiology, as well as with their development through interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach. Initially published as Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry (PJD) magazine ISSN 1979-0201(print) on 2007 in form of printed issues. In 2017, the magazine had its online published version under the same with ISSN 2549-6212 (online) in accordance with the policy of LIPI. Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry has been using Open Journal System requiring all writers to register in advance before they are allowed to upload the manuscript they write online. Afterwards, the editors, peer reviewers, and writers can monitor the manuscript processing. Several other changes are informed in the Journal History.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,002 Documents
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Correlation between of nasopharyngeal dimensions and craniofacial structure in 8–15-year-olds: a cross-sectional study Rosady, Chantyka; Lubis, Mimi Marina
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.63459

Abstract

Introduction: Nasopharyngeal dimensions are closely associated with craniofacial structures. Changes in the nasopharynx during facial growth may influence craniofacial development. This study aimed to analyze the correlations between nasopharyngeal dimensions and craniofacial structures in children aged 8–15 years. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design, based on lateral cephalometry in 66 children aged 8–15 years who attended the Orthodontic Clinic, Universitas Sumatera Utara, from June-December 2022. All participants had skeletal and dental Class I relationships, no harmful habits, and were not on long-term medication. The study measured nasopharyngeal dimensions, including the mean and standard deviation of bony and soft tissue components, and craniofacial structures such as maxillary length, mandibular length, and lower anterior facial height. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality and Pearson’s correlation test. Results: The posterior height of the nasal cavity had the highest mean value among nasopharyngeal measurements (53.99 ± 4.30 mm). Among soft tissue parameters, AD1–PNS showed the greatest mean (24.99 ± 4.70 mm) compared with PTV–AD and AD2–PNS. The mandibular length exceeded the maxillary length, and the lower anterior facial height averaged 117.74 ± 8.57 mm. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed significant correlations (p<0.05) between nasopharyngeal dimensions and craniofacial structures. The nasal floor length, posterior height of the nasal cavity, bony nasopharynx height and depth, and soft tissue measures (AD1–PNS, PTV–AD) were significantly correlated with maxillary and mandibular lengths and lower anterior facial height. Conclusion: The posterior height of the nasal cavity demonstrated the highest average value, and mandibular length was greater than maxillary length. In children aged 8–15 years, nasopharyngeal dimensions were correlated with craniofacial structures, with the exception of the nasopharyngeal depth angle and roof angle of the bony nasopharynx.   
The influence of bamboo fiber (gigantochloa apus) positioning on the flexural strength of heat-cured acrylic resin: an experimental research Nawawi, Azkya Patria; Endro, Hartanto; Hamumpuni, Tarish; Assoratgoon, Itt
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.62953

Abstract

Introduction: Acrylic resin is prone to fracture. Apus bamboo fiber (Gigantochloa apus), a natural fiber, is anticipated to enhance the flexural strength of acrylic resin. The fiber's position within the acrylic resin matrix is hypothesized to influence its effectiveness in improving flexural strength. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of incorporating apus bamboo fibers, based on their position, on the flexural strength of heat-cured acrylic resin plates. Methods: This study employed a laboratory experimental design with a post-test only control group. Twelve rectangular heat-cured acrylic resin plates, measuring 65 mm × 10 mm × 2.5 mm, were prepared in accordance with ISO 178:2019 and were thoroughly polished. The samples were divided into four groups, including three groups with the addition of apus bamboo fiber at a concentration of 1.6%, positioned at the upper, middle, and lower sections and one negative control group consisting of heat-cured acrylic resin plate without the addition of apus bamboo fiber. The samples underwent a three-point bending test using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Data analysis was conducted using a one-way ANOVA and an independent t-test. Results: The average flexural strength was 89.34 MPa in the negative control group, 69.35 MPa in the upper fiber group, 82.54 MPa in the middle fiber group, and 106.98 MPa in the lower fiber group. Statistical analysis indicated that the position of apus bamboo fibers significantly affected flexural strength (p<0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the position of apus bamboo fibers influences the flexural strength of heat-cured acrylic resin. Apus bamboo fibers placed in the lower position, corresponding to the anatomical base of the denture, exhibited the highest flexural strength among all groups.
Differences of oral health scoring among pregnant women at two basic emergency obstetric and neonatal services centers: a cross-sectional study Kusumah, Azka Mudhiarahmi; Suwargiani, Anne Agustina; Susilawati, Sri
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.64876

Abstract

Introduction: In Indonesia, the prevalence of oral health issues remains high, reaching 63.4% in West Java. Differences exist between regions, with Bandung Regency at 64.67% and Bandung City at 47.88%. These regional disparities, influenced by social determinants such as access to care, socioeconomic status, and health literacy, contribute to unequal outcomes. Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable due to physiological and hormonal changes, with poor oral health increasing the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and preeclampsia. Community health centers (puskesmas), as primary care facilities emphasizing promotive and preventive services, employ the Oral Health Scoring (OHS) method to assess both felt and normative needs. This study analyzes the differences of oral health scoring among pregnant women at two basic emergency obstetric and neonatal services centers. Methods: A cross-sectional, comparative analytical quantitative design was used. The subjects were pregnant women attending the two puskesmas, selected by accidental sampling. Oral health status was assessed using the OHS method. Data were analyzed with an independent t-test to compare groups. Results: A total of 100 pregnant women participated, mostly aged 26–35 years. Half reported discomfort (50%) and nearly half were dissatisfied with appearance (48%), though most had no eating difficulties (67%). Normative findings showed 85% of the women had 1–8 decayed teeth, 54% of them had enamel erosion, and 19% of them had inflammation/ulceration. Significant differences were found in caries (p=0.020), erosion (p=0.005), and inflammation/ulceration (p=0.010), but not in occlusion. Overall, 75% of the women were categorized as healthy, with no significant difference between centers (p=0.253). Conclusion: There are differences in the examination of caries, wear, and inflammation among pregnant women. There are no differences found on OHS category results in two basic emergency obstetric and neonatal services centers
Phytochemical composition and cytotoxic assessment of Carica papaya leaf extracts on human squamous carcinoma-3 Cells (in vitro): a laboratory experimental Roeslan, Moehamad Orliando; Rahma, Syafira Fayza; Kokilakanit, Paopanga
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.61396

Abstract

Introduction: Oral cancer is one of the major diseases that can cause death worldwide. With the advancement of research on new drugs, medicinal plants have been explored as an alternative approach to cancer treatment. Papaya (Carica papaya) is a plant that has long been used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of C. papaya leaf have been reported to exhibit anticancer properties through mechanisms such as inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. This study aimed to analyze the cytotoxic effect of C. papaya leaf extract obtained with different extraction solvents on HSC-3 cell lines. Methods: This laboratory-based experimental study employed a post-test only control group design. The sample size was determined using the Federer formula, yielding four replicates per group. HSC-3 cell lines were treated with ethanolic and aqueous extracts of C. papaya leaf at concentrations of 125, 250, and 500 μg/mL for 24 hours, followed by a cytotoxicity test using the CCK-8 assay. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins in both ethanolic and aqueous extracts, whereas triterpenoids were detected only in the ethanolic extract, and saponins were detected only in aqueous extract. HSC-3 cells did not show any significant cytotoxic response to either extract at any tested concentration. Conclusion: Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of C. papaya leaf at concentrations of 125, 250, and 500 μg/mL did not exhibit any cytotoxic effects on HSC-3 cell lines.
Differences in handgrip strength and tooth loss between cognitively normal and impaired elderly: cross-sectional study Syamila, Rahmi Hasna; Sari, Kartika Indah; Balafif, Felisha Febriane; Gondowidjojo, Yolanda Dwiutami; Ong, Paulus Anam
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.62743

Abstract

Introduction: The aging process in elderly individuals triggers changes in the brain that can lead to a decline in cognitive function, impacting quality of life. Age-related physiological changes affect the muscles around the oral cavity and the musculoskeletal system. These changes manifest as a decrease in the mass and strength of the chewing muscles. Tooth loss further exacerbates the ability to chew. This study aims to analyze differences in handgrip strength and tooth loss between cognitively normal and impaired elderly. Methods: Observational analytic with cross-sectional design using the Mann-Whitney comparative significance test and independent sample t-test with a significance level of p<0.05 was conducted. A purposive sampling technique was applied to a population residing in Dago Village, Bandung. The inclusion criteria included elderly individuals aged ≥60 years, both male and female, able to communicate effectively, and willing to participate in the study by signing an informed consent form. Cognitive function was assessed through interviews using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), along with an examination of the number of missing teeth and hand grip strength measured with the Electronic Hand Dynamometer (Camry EH101). Analyzed data used the Mann–Whitney test. Results: A total of 34 subjects met the inclusion criteria from the total population of 71 older adults examined. The independent sample t-test for handgrip strength showed that elderly individuals with cognitive impairment had weaker handgrip strength (mean=14.250, SD=5.0285) compared to cognitively normal individuals (mean=22.281, SD=6.0204), with a p-value of 0.0001 (p<0.05). The Mann–Whitney test results for tooth loss indicated that elderly individuals with cognitive impairment experienced greater tooth loss (range=11–32 teeth, mean=20.78) compared to cognitively normal individuals (range=0–10 teeth, mean=13.81), with a p-value of 0.041 (p<0.05). Conclusion: There are differences in hand grip strength and tooth loss were found between cognitively normal and impaired elderly.
Comparison of Plaque Index (PI) calculation time between a Digital Dental Calculator (DDC) app and the manual method: a quasi-experimental study Putri, Syaida Erma; Yandi, Satria; Amran, Ricky; Anggraini, Netta; Ningrum, Valendriyani; Lee, Shih- Chieh
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.61740

Abstract

Introduction: Dental plaque is a soft biofilm that accumulates on the tooth surface and around the gingival margin. If not properly managed, it can lead to oral diseases such as gingivitis. The manual assessment of the Plaque Index (PI) has several limitations, including variability in the number of teeth examined, assessor subjectivity, and potential inaccuracy, particularly at low or high plaque levels. To overcome these challenges, a technology-based approach is needed to enhance standardization and consistency. This study aims to compare the calculation time of PI using a Digital Dental Calculator (DDC) app and the conventional manual method. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a one-group posttest-only design was conducted among 70 dental students at Universitas Baiturrahmah who had completed the periodontics module and met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants performed PI calculations using both manual and digital methods under standardized conditions. The time required for each method was measured in seconds. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean ± SD) and the Mann–Whitney U test to compare calculation times between the two methods, with a significance level of p < 0.05. All analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26.0 to ensure transparency and reproducibility. Results: The mean PI calculation time using the manual method was 178.74 seconds, while the digital DDC method required 143.97 seconds, showing a mean difference of 34.77 seconds. Statistical analysis revealed a highly significant difference between the two methods (p < 0.001), indicating that the DDC significantly reduced PI calculation time. Conclusion: The use of the Digital Dental Calculator (DDC) significantly shortened the time required to calculate the Plaque Index compared to the manual method. These findings highlight the potential of digital tools to improve efficiency, standardization, and accuracy in both clinical and educational dental settings.
The utilization of infra-zygomatic crest (izc) bone screw in non-extraction treatment of class II malocclusion: A Case Report Andriani, Vina; Paskalin, Zenith; Laviana, Avi; Evangelina, Ida Ayu; Mardiati, Endah; Sayuti, Elih
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.62842

Abstract

Introduction: Temporary Anchorage Devices (TADs), absolute anchorage systems with minimal side effects on orthodontic mechanical movements, can be alternatives to wider non-surgical, non-extraction, and non-compliance treatments. The placement of extra-radicular mini-screws at the infra zygomatic crest (IZC) is one of the most commonly used approaches for skeletal anchorage. Maxillary arch distalization with IZC can be effectively performed in Class II malocclusion patients with large overjet using non-extraction treatment, especially due to increasing patient demands to avoid extractions. The aim of this case report is to demonstrate the effectiveness of infrazygomatic crest (IZC) extra-radicular TADs for maxillary distalization in a Class II malocclusion cases treated without extractions. Case report: A 16-year-old female patient came to the Orthodontic Clinic with the complaint of forward upper teeth, Class II Angle malocclusion and Class I skeletal with a convex facial profile, deep overbite, overjet 6 mm, posterior scissor bite, diastema between teeth 32-33, and deep curve of Spee. The patient was treated with non-extraction fixed orthodontics using a self-ligating system prescription, utilizing extra radicular Temporary Anchorage Devices (TADs) at the infra zygomatic crest measuring 2 x 12 mm for maxillary retraction. Following the maxillary retraction treatment, successful outcomes were achieved as the overjet decreased from 6 mm to 3 mm; Class I molar and canine relationships were established; and the distance from I to NA was reduced from 11 mm to 5 mm. Conclusion: The clinical use of infra-zygomatic crest (IZC) bone screw in non-extraction treatment of Class II malocclusion case was successfully conducted with non-extraction fixed orthodontic treatment.
Ethyl acetate fractions of Cordyline fruticosa leaf: Chemical composition and cariogenic antimicrobial activity Alphianti, Likky Tiara; Bachtiar, Endang Winiati; Suniarti, Dewi Fatma; Fauziah, Eva
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.64444

Abstract

Introduction: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a prominent oral health problem, especially among low socioeconomic status (SES) groups. The development of herbal agents for caries prevention is essential due to the elevated costs and potential adverse effects linked to existing synthetic pharmaceuticals. Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Chev. (CF), prevalent in Indonesian rural regions, is an ornamental plant recognised for its medicinal properties, especially its antimicrobial efficacy. This study aimed to identify the chemical compounds in the ethyl acetate fraction of CF leaf extract and evaluate its antibacterial and antifungal activities against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Candida albicans (C. albicans), the main microorganisms associated with early childhood caries. Methods: This study used a laboratory experimental method. CF leaf extract was fractionated using ethyl acetate. Phytochemical and GC-MS screening were performed to identify secondary metabolites and chemical compounds. S. mutans and C. albicans were isolated from supragingival plaque samples of pediatric patients with severe ECC. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined via serial dilution and ELISA spectrophotometry by comparing absorbance or optical density (OD) values before and after incubation.Results: Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, and triterpenoids. GC-MS identified 4 chemical compounds, of which the largest peak area (73.88%) corresponding to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. The MIC for S. mutans was 3.125% and 1.56% for C. albicans. Conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction of the CF leaf extract exhibits antibacterial and antifungal properties and may function as a cariogenic antimicrobial agent.
Correlation analysis of saliva volume and salivary pH on dental caries status in children aged 11-12 years using the HI BOGI application: a cross sectional study Fadilah, Rina Putri Noer; Rivmawati, Lestary; Nawawi, Azkya Patria; Supriatna, Andi; Pribadi, Ari Prayogo
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.66132

Abstract

Introduction: Oral health is a key indicator of overall wellbeing, with dental caries remaining one of the most prevalent oral health problems in Indonesia. Saliva, particularly its volume and pH, is an important host factor influencing caries development. This study aims to analyze the association between saliva volume and salivary PH and dental caries  among schoolchildren using the HI BOGI application. Methods: An analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 11–12-year-old students from six randomly selected primary schools in Cimahi City (n=285). Saliva volume and pH were measured, and dental caries experience was assessed using the HI BOGI application. Data were analyzed using the Spearman rho correlation test. Results: Children with lower saliva volume and more acidic saliva pH demonstrated higher DMF-T scores. Correlation tests indicated a relationship between low salivary volume and dental caries incidence (rs= –0.117; p≤0.05) and between salivary pH and caries (rs= –0.287; p≤0.05). Conclusion: saliva volume and acidic saliva pH are significant risk factors for dental caries incidence among 11–12-year-old children as identified through the HI BOGI application assessment.
Dental anxiety and its impact on oral health-related quality of life among Indonesian children aged 8–12 years: a cross-sectional study Anisyah, Ika; Oewen, Roosje R.; Triani, Rini; Sasmita, Inne S.; Andiesta, Niekla Survia
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.62024

Abstract

Introduction: Dental anxiety in children is a common problem that affects their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). It may persist into adulthood and become chronic. This study aimed to examine the relationship between dental anxiety and OHRQoL in children aged 8–12 years. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 199 children at Baitul Maal Islamic Elementary School, Jakarta. Dental anxiety was measured using the Children’s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS), and OHRQoL was assessed using the Child Oral Health Impact Profile-Short Form 19 (COHIP-SF19). Data were analyzed descriptively and with Pearson’s correlation analysis. Results: A total of 19.1% of children reported dental anxiety and 23.1% had poor OHRQoL. Pearson’s test revealed a significant but weak negative correlation between dental anxiety and OHRQoL (r = -0.148; p = 0.018), with R2 explaining 2.19% of the variance. Conclusion: Dental anxiety is associated with poorer OHRQoL; higher dental anxiety is associated with lower OHRQoL in children and accounts for approximately 2.19% of the variance in OHRQoL. Early interventions are essential to reduce anxiety and improve oral health outcomes.

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