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Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 19790201     EISSN : 25496212     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry or known as PJD, is an English-language scientific periodicals published by the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran thrice a year on every March, July and November. The submission process of manuscript is open throughout the year. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication. Designed as a medium of information and scientific knowledge, Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry publishes numerous research articles, in the area of Oral Biology, Dental Material Science and Technology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pedodontics, Dental Public Health and Community Dentistry, Conservative Dentistry, Periodontics, Prosthodontics, Orthodontics, Oral Medicine, Dental Radiology, as well as with their development through interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approach. Initially published as Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry (PJD) magazine ISSN 1979-0201(print) on 2007 in form of printed issues. In 2017, the magazine had its online published version under the same with ISSN 2549-6212 (online) in accordance with the policy of LIPI. Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry has been using Open Journal System requiring all writers to register in advance before they are allowed to upload the manuscript they write online. Afterwards, the editors, peer reviewers, and writers can monitor the manuscript processing. Several other changes are informed in the Journal History.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,002 Documents
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The Effect of Moringa oleifera's antibacterial and antibiofilm properties against Fusobacterium nucleatum and Staphylococcus aureus: an experimental study Fernando, Theodorus Aldo; Amin, Meiny Faudah; Ariwibowo, ⁠Taufiq; Binartha, Ciptadhi Oka; Kurnia, Dikdik
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 2 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no2.59343

Abstract

Introduction: Fusobacterium nucleatum and Staphylococcus aureus, both associated with pulp and periapical diseases, must be effectively eliminated during irrigation. Natural agents are generally more biocompatible and less harmful to bodily tissues, making them a promising alternative to chemical irrigants such as sodium hypochlorite. Fractions of Moringa oleifera have demonstrated potential as an alternative irrigant due to their antibacterial and antibiofilm properties. This study aimed to analyze the antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy of Moringa oleifera fractions against Fusobacterium nucleatum and Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: The tube dilution method was used for antibacterial tests, while the biofilm assay method measured the optical density (OD) in a 96-well plate to evaluate antibiofilm effects against Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 25586 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Moringa oleifera fractions were tested at 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% concentrations. A one-way ANOVA test was applied for normally distributed data, and the Kruskal Wallis test was used for non-normally distributed data. Post-hoc analyses were conducted to determine significant differences between groups, with the significance level set at 0.05. Results: The antibacterial test revealed statistically significant differences between Moringa oleifera groups in eliminating Fusobacterium nucleatum (p=0.003, p<0.05) and Staphylococcus aureus with p value (p=0.001, p<0.05). The antibiofilm test also showed statistically significant differences among the concentration groups for both bacteria. Conclusion: The antibacterial and antibiofilm effectiveness of Moringa oleifera’s fractions against Fusobacterium nucleatum and Staphylococcus aureus, supporting its potential as an alternative irrigant.
Improvements toothbrushing skills in children with autism spectrum disorders through point of view video modelling: pra-experimetal study Wibowo, Kyle Raditya; Setiawan, Asty Samiaty; Sasmita, Inne Suherna
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 2 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no2.60732

Abstract

Introduction: Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) experience neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by difficulties with social interaction, communication, and repetitive behavioral patterns. Brushing teeth is one of the behaviors that needs to be trained in children with ASD, and one effective method for this is Point-of-View Video Modeling (POVVM). This study aims to evaluate the changes in toothbrushing skills among children with Autism Spectrum Disorders following intervention using the POVVM method. Methods: This study used a descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects, selected using the total sampling method were 16 children with ASD from Special Educational Needs (SEN) School Bunda Bening Selakshahati, Bandung Regency, consisting of 15 boys and 1 girl. The study was conducted in 3 stages, first, a pretest was conducted to assess toothbrushing skills using an observation sheet, which was assessed by two caregivers; Next, an intervention was conducted using the POVVM video on toothbrushing behavior, shown twice daily for five days; Third, a posttest was conducted to assess toothbrushing skills after the intervention. Results: The highest pre-intervention frequency observed was for the rinsing skill (56.25%), whereas the highest post-intervention score was achieved in the skill of brushing the lower middle teeth (93.75%). The most substantial improvement was also noted in brushing the lower middle teeth, with an increase of 43.75%. The average of toothbrushing skills increased from 36.3% to 66.4%, so the change score is 30.1%. Conclusion: The toothbrushing skills of children with ASD improved following the POVVM intervention, progressing from the moderately skilled to the skilled category.
Antibacterial and antibiofilm effect of moringa oleifera leaves on bacteria associated with endodontic-periodontal lesions: an experimental study Darma, Joshua; Amin, Meiny Faudah; Elline, Elline; Komariah, Komariah; Kurnia, Dikdik
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.59353

Abstract

Introduction: Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is the gold standard irrigation solution in root canal treatment; however, its clinical use is limited by its potential toxicity to periodontal tissue. Moringa oleifera is a natural plant known for its antibacterial properties. The study aims to analyze the potential antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of M. oleifera leaves on bacteria associated with endodontic-periodontal lesions. Methods: An experimental study was conducted using samples of P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 and S. sanguinis ATCC 10556 cultured on BHI agar before exposure to M. oleifera leaf extract at concentrations of 80, 60, 40, and 20%. A 5.25% NaOCl solution served as the positive control, while distilled water was used as the negative control. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using the tube dilution method with BHI medium and defined as the lowest concentration that inhibited bacterial growth. The minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) was determined by subculturing inoculum from tubes that showed no visible growth in the MIC test. A standard plate count method was used to measure the growth density of P. gingivalis and S. sanguinis. The antibiofilm assay evaluated biofilm attachment using crystal violet staining. Biofil density was quantified using spectrophotometry at 570nmto measure the amount of transmitted light. A One-way ANOVA Test was applied to the normally distributed data, while the Kruskal-Wallis Test was used for non-normally distributed data. Post-hoc tests were performed to determine significant differences between groups, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Result: The antibacterial test showed a significant effect of M. oleifera leaf extracts on the elimination of P. gingivalis (p = 0.002) and S. sanguinis (p = 0.001). The antibiofilm tests also showed a significant difference between among M. oleifera extract groups. Conclusion: M. oleifera leaf extract at concentrations of of 60 and 80 % exhibits antibacterial and antibiofil effects against P. gingivalis and S. sanguinis.
Patient safety culture and identify factors associated with positive attitudes in private dental hospitals using the Indonesian Safety Attitude Questionnaire (SAQ-Indo): a cross-sectional study Juliawati, Mita; Arbianti, Kusuma; Juslily, Marta; Anggraini, Wita; Gusbela, Balqis I; Astoeti, Tri Erri
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.64738

Abstract

Introduction: Patient Safety culture (PSC) in healthcare represents a significant challenge on a global scale. However, in Indonesia data on the PSC among dental healthcare workers remain limited and knowledge about PSC among dental healthcare personnel is still insufficient. Consequently, there is a necessity for education and additional knowledge on this matter.  This study aims to analyze the patient safety culture among dental healthcare workers and identify factors associated with positive attitudes in private dental hospitals using the Indonesian Safety Attitude Questionnaire (SAQ-Indo) Methods: A descriptive observational cross-sectional study design was used. The study was conducted among dental healthcare workers in two private dental hospitals in Jakarta and Semarang, Central Java. PSC factors were identified using bivariate analysis with Chi-square and simple logistic regression which classified responses as positive or negative based on the median of total score. The PSC score was the total score from 30 SAQ-Indo questions. Results: This study identified low, medium, good and very good safety culture levels based on percentile classification. Positive attitudes toward patient safety were found among participants from both private dental hospitals. Several factors were found to be associated with positive attitudes toward patient safety, including type of dental healthcare workers, age, level of education and practical experience. Conclusion: This study revealed patient safety attitudes among dental healthcare workers. The positive PSC scores were around 45% for the hospital in Jakarta and 32% for the hospital in Central Java. There is a need for socialization and education on PSC for dental healthcare workers at both private dental hospitals. Several factors were also found to be associated with positive attitudes toward patient safety, including professional role, age, educational level, and clinical experience. These findings may help increase awareness of patient safety at the hospital level in the future
Gene polymorphism in oral health condition associated with coal dust exposure: a systematic review Azizi, Fabillah Haikal; Aulia, Shaula Nada; Ash-Shiddiq, Muhammad Hafizh; Carabelly, Amy Nindia; Pramitha, Selviana Rizky
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.59206

Abstract

Introduction: South Kalimantan, known as the second largest coal supplier in Indonesia, is associated with the presence of significant quantities of coal dust in the environment. Coal dust contains various substances that are carcinogenic and cytotoxic. Direct contact of coal dust to the oral cavity is at risk of gene polymorphism resulting in the manifestation of diseases in the mouth. The study aimed to explore the relationship between gene polymorphisms affecting oral health conditions and coal dust exposure through a systematic review. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Google Scholar, Crossref, Scopus, Web of Science, Lens, and Semantic Scholar databases was conducted for English peer-reviewed articles (1/1/2004–15/9/2024) on oral-related gene polymorphisms from coal dust exposure in humans, animals, and cells. The review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines, with a narrative synthesis of the findings. Bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) and Quality Assessment Tool for In Vitro Studies (QUIN). Result: Overall 17 studies were included. From all 6.703 case-control, 136 in vivo participants and 60 cell samples showed that gene polymorphisms were more frequent in the coal dust-exposed group compared to the non-exposed group and the healthy group. Predisposing factors such smoking, length of time, and age contribute to triggering oral gene polymorphisms. The limitation of this research was the limited number of studies discussing gene polymorphisms due to coal dust exposure directly to the oral cavity, which affected the representativeness of the articles. Conclusion: There are polymorphisms in 11 oral-related genes (AhR, CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1, hOGG1, IL6, IL1B, NQO1, TNF, TP53, and XRCC1) after coal dust exposure, presenting genotoxic and mutagenic potential.
Comparative analysis of IL-6 levels in post-tooth extraction inflammation among menopausal and non-menopausal: in vivo experimental Parmasari, Wahyuni Dyah; Asyamsa Hidayat, Rheina Faticha; Rianti, Emilia Devi Dwi; Masfufatun, Masfufatun; Mokhtar, Siti Aisyah
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.62766

Abstract

Introduction: IL-6 acts as a biomarker of the inflammatory process. In elderly, especially women, the demand for tooth extraction treatment is quite high. A failure in the wound healing process during the menopausal period can prolong the inflammation process, thereby increasing the probability of infection, including alveolar osteitis. The menopausal process affects estrogen levels in the blood, which leads to reduced collagen formation as a key component of tissue regeneration. IL-6 levels can also increase during inflammation, especially in the chronic phase following tooth extraction. The study aims to analyze the differences in inflammatory IL-6 levels between menopausal and non-menopausal rats. Methods: This study applied an in vivo experimental design. A total of 30 Rattus novergicus were divided into two groups: a control group and a treatment group. The control group consisted of rats in which no oophorectomy was performed (non-menopausal), while the treatment group underwent ovariectomy to induce menopause. One after the procedure, tooth extraction were performed, and observations were conducted on days 3, 7, and 14 post-extractions. IL-6 levels were measured using ELISA from blood serum samples. The data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA.  Results: The average IL-6 levels (in ng/L) in the control (non-menopausal) group on days 3, 7, and 14 were 0.087, 0.318, and 0.247, respectively. The average IL-6 levels in the treatment (menopausal) group were 0.191, 0.452, and 0.318, respectively. The One-Way ANOVA test showed no significant difference between the groups (p=0.799 > 0.05).  Conclusion: The trend of higher IL-6 levels in the menopausal group suggests a potential impact of hormonal changes on post-extraction inflammation. Although no significant difference was found, the elevated IL-6 levels in menopausal rats indicate a potential effect of estrogen deficiency on the inflammatory response following tooth extraction.
Correlation between oral health and the quality of life of children with disabilities using healthy-dis: an observational study Prihatiningrum, Berlian; Budirahardjo, Roedy; Probosari, Niken; Sulistiyani, Sulistiyani; Setyorini, Dyah
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.61078

Abstract

Introduction: Children with disabilities require special attention due to various limitations, such as difficulty in maintaining oral hygiene, communication barriers, and behavioral challenges. This study aimed to investigate the impact of oral health on the quality of life of children with disabilities in Jember, using the Healthy-Dis software. Methods: This analytical observational study employed a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of 180 students enrolled at SLB C TPA Jember and SLB N 1 Patrang Jember. Caries severity was assessed using the DMF-t/def-t index, oral hygiene using the OHI-S index, and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) using the COHIP-SF 19 questionnaire. Dental care needs were evaluated using the Required Treatment Index (RTI). The COHIP-SF 19 and RTI instruments were modified and integrated into the Android-based Healthy-Dis application. Results: A significant correlation was found between gender, caries severity, oral hygiene status, and the quality of life of children with disabilities (p < 0.05). A strong positive correlation was observed between oral hygiene status and quality of life (r = 0.446), while caries severity and gender showed negative correlations. These findings highlight the importance of maintaining good oral hygiene to improve the overall well-being of children with disabilities. Conclusion: Oral health status—including caries severity and oral hygiene level—is significantly associated with the quality of life of children with disabilities. Efforts to promote better oral hygiene may enhance their daily functioning and overall well-being.
The number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in bone remodeling of bone defects caused by peri-implantitis using Anadara granosa bone graft: an experimental study Ariestania, Vivin; Hendrijantini, Nike; Prahasanti, Chiquita; Kurniawan, Hansen; Ashrin, Meinar Nur; Nanik, Chaterina Diyah; Apsari, Anindita; Megantara, Rizko Wira Artha; Sari, Rima Parwati; Hermanto, eddy; Fauzia, Bunga; Matsuyama, Miwa
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.64295

Abstract

Introduction: Peri-implantitis treatment aims to replace the damaged bone with new and healthy tissue during bone remodeling process. Bone grafts are materials used to stimulate the formation of new bone. Bone graft material derived from Anadara granosa (AG) can be synthesized into hydroxyapatite–tricalcium phosphate (HA-TCP) at a 70:30 ratio, which supports bone regeneration, as indicated by an increase in osteoblast numbers and decrease in osteoclast numbers. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Anadara granosa bone graft in the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during bone remodeling process. Methods: This study employed an experimental design with a post-test only control group. A total of 84 mice were divided into 12 groups (7 mice per group): negative control (K−), positive control (K+), and treatment group (P), each observed on days 14 and 28. Histological analysis was performed to count osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results: The number of osteoclasts was significantly reduced in the treatment groups (P14: 7.00 ± 1.528; P28: 6.57 ± 1.512) compared to the positive controls (K+14: 13.86 ± 2.410; K+28: 14.29 ± 1.496). On the contrary, the number of osteoblasts increased in the treatment groups (P14: 7.14 ± 1.676; P28: 8.57 ± 1.272) compared to the positive controls (K+14: 2.57 ± 1.512; K+28: 3.86 ± 1.574). Statistical analysis indicated that osteoblasts showed significant differences after AG treatment (p<0.05), and the ANOVA test showed significant differences in osteoclast number after AG treatment (p<0.05).      Conclusion: The number of osteoblasts increases while the number of osteoclast reduces in bone remodelling of bone defect caused by peri-implantitis using AG bone graft.
Effect on color stability and surface roughness of nanofiller dental composite after soaking in Bidara leaf (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam) ethanol extract: an experimental study fitriyani, Sri; Nazilla, Cut Syahla; sundari, Iin; Diansari, Viona; Subhaini, Subhaini; Ningsih, Diana Setya; Rahmayani, Liana; Qamaruzzaman, Jasmina Binti
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.61351

Abstract

Introduction: Dental composite resins offer aesthetic appeal and high wear resistance; however, their physical properties may diminish after exposure to colored foods or mouthwashes. We explore Bidara leaf (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam) extract as an alternative mouthwash due to its rich content of bioactive compounds. The study aims to analyze the color change and surface roughness of nanofiller composite resins after immersion in Bidara leaf ethanol extract. Methods: This research was an experimental study. The resin composite samples were divided into four groups; each group consisted of 3 specimens (n=3): Group 1 (negative control) immersed in distilled water; Group 2 (positive control) immersed in 0.2% chlorhexidine; and Groups 3 and 4 soaked in 4.5% and 20% ethanol extracts of Bidara leaf, respectively. The specimens were cylindrical with a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 2 mm. All specimens were the same size, shape, and color, with flat surfaces and no cracks or stains. Samples were immersed for two minutes daily over one month. Color changes were analyzed using a stereomicroscope and the CIELab color system with Adobe Photoshop, while surface roughness was assessed using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results: Color changes show ΔE>3.3 indicating a visible difference. The most significant color change occurrs in Group 4, followed by Groups 3, 2, and 1. One-way ANOVA shows a statistically significant color change (p<0.05). Surface roughness also increases, with Group 4 (0.138±0.066 μm) displaying the greatest roughness compared to Group 3 (0.122±0.061 μm), Group 2 (0.122±0.076 μm), and Group 1 (0.054±0.012 μm).  Based on the one-way ANOVA test, the results show no significant differences (p>0.05) between the pre- and post-immersion. Conclusion: Although changes in surface roughness were not statistically significant, the ethanol extract of Bidara leaf influences the color and surface roughness of the nanofiller dental composite.
Challenges in the use of antibiotics and resistance pattern of odontogenic mandibular abscess: a systematic review Anggraini, Santi; Damanhuri, Rahma Yulinda; Silviany, Rika; Ripen, Zakiah Mat
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 37, No 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol37no3.59198

Abstract

Introduction: Odontogenic mandibular abscess is a severe and potentially life-threatening dental infection that demands prompt and appropriate intervention. Previous reviews have focused broadly on odontogenic infections, but few have analyzed antibiotic resistance trends specific to mandibular abscesses. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy and to analyze current antimicrobial resistance patterns in the management of odontogenic mandibular abscesses. Methods: The research question was framed using the PICOS approach; Participants: patients with odontogenic mandibular abscess; Interventions: antibiotic regimens; Comparisons: different antibiotics or combinations; Outcomes: cure rate, duration, complications, and resistance; Study design: clinical, observational, or randomized controlled trials. Literature was searched systematically in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for studies published between 2014 and 2024. Previously published systematic reviews and case reports were excluded. Results: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria (six prospective cohorts, three retrospective, and one randomized controlled trial). The predominant pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae (42%), Streptococcus spp. (38%), and Staphylococcus spp. (35%). Empirical antibiotic combinations of ceftriaxone-metronidazole and amoxicillin-metronidazole showed clinical success rates of 85% and 78%, respectively. Resistance was highest for amoxicillin (67%) and ampicillin (72%), while amikacin and meropenem demonstrated high sensitivity (>90%). Conclusion: Misuse of antibiotics remains a major contributor to antimicrobial resistance. Optimal management of odontogenic mandibular abscesses requires surgical drainage combined with rational antibiotic use based on resistance data. The implication of this systematic review is to provide evidence-based guidance for antibiotic selection, supporting antibiotic stewardship and improved clinical outcomes.

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