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Mualim, Mualim
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DSN-MUI Fatwa as a Source of Law in the National Sharia Economic Legal System Mualim, Mualim; Mukhlas, Oyo Sunaryo; Hakim, Atang Abd.
Journal of Applied Business, Taxation and Economics Research Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : PT. EQUATOR SINAR AKADEMIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54408/jabter.v5i3.568

Abstract

The development of Islamic economic law in Indonesia is inseparable from the contribution of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI), as a religious authority that issues fatwas on contemporary muamalah practices. DSN-MUI fatwas not only serve as normative guidelines for the operations of Islamic financial institutions but also serve as substantive references in the formation of national Islamic economic regulations. This article aims to examine the position and legal force of DSN-MUI fatwas in the Indonesian legal system, while also analyzing the mechanisms for transforming religious norms into positive law. This research uses a normative juridical approach with a qualitative-descriptive analysis method of laws and regulations, DSN-MUI fatwas, and court decisions related to Islamic economic disputes. The results show that DSN-MUI fatwas occupy a strategic position as a source of material law that provides a normative basis for the birth of regulations, such as Law Number 21 of 2008 concerning Islamic Banking and various Financial Services Authority Regulations. However, formally, fatwas do not have direct binding force before being adopted into laws and regulations. Therefore, strengthening the synergy between religious authorities and state institutions is an important prerequisite for realizing a national Islamic economic legal system that is integrated, responsive, and equitable.
Effect of Local Microorganisms from Calamansi Peel and Banana Peel Addition on the Quality of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (POC) Produced from Tofu Wastewater Mualim, Mualim; Marwanto, Andriana; Widada, Agus; Krisdiyanta, Krisdiyanta; Ganefati, Sri Puji
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 10 No 1 (2026): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jbes/21024

Abstract

Background: Bengkulu Province has seen a significant rise in calamansi orange (Citrus microcarpa) cultivation since 2010. While popular for their unique aroma and high flavonoid content (including ascorbic and citric acids), they also generate significant byproduct potential. To optimize the quality of Liquid Organic Fertilizer (POC) derived from this waste, specific additives are required to ensure the final product meets established quality standards. Tofu wastewater is an organic by-product with potential for use as liquid organic fertilizer. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding local microorganisms derived from calamansi peel and banana peel on the nutrient quality of liquid organic fertilizer produced from tofu wastewater. Methods: The measured parameters were nitrogen (N), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). This study used an experimental design with four treatment groups: control, 1 kg, 2 kg, and 3 kg additions of fruit peel-based materials. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results: The highest values of N, Ca, P, and K were observed in the 3 kg treatment, at 0.56%, 0.18%, 0.42%, and 0.42%, respectively. Statistical analysis showed significant differences in N, Ca, and K contents among treatments, whereas P content did not differ significantly. Conclusions: These findings indicate that the addition of calamansi peel and banana peel materials influenced several nutrient parameters of the liquid organic fertilizer, although not all parameters met the expected quality standard
Effect of EM-4 Concentration on the Decomposition Process of Compost Made from HVS Paper Waste Krisdiyanta, Krisdiyanta; Erris, Erris; Mualim, Mualim
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 10 No 1 (2026): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jbes/21261

Abstract

Background: In accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2022 concerning the National Waste Management Information System, waste management activities at each facility may include processing waste into compost. Paper waste accounts for approximately 10% of total waste generation in Indonesia. Given that paper fibers can only be recycled five to seven times before losing structural integrity, composting serves as a vital alternative for waste reduction. Paper waste is one of the major types of solid waste generated in educational institutions and offices. One alternative for its utilization is composting with the addition of effective microorganisms (EM-4) to accelerate decomposition. This study aimed to determine the effect of different EM-4 concentrations on the composting process of HVS paper waste. Methods: Paper waste is one of the major types of solid waste generated in educational institutions and offices. One alternative for its utilization is composting with the addition of effective microorganisms (EM-4) to accelerate decomposition. This study aimed to determine the effect of different EM-4 concentrations on the composting process of HVS paper waste. Results: EM-4 concentrations of 30 mL, 35 mL, and 40 mL produced better compost characteristics, including lower final temperatures closer to ambient conditions, darker color, finer texture, and faster decomposition times than the 20 mL, 25 mL, and control treatments. Conclusions: EM-4 concentrations of 30–40 mL were more effective for composting HVS paper waste under the conditions of this study.
Effect of Durian Peel and Young Coconut Shell Composition on the Quality of Biomass Briquettes as Alternative Fuel Marwanto, Andriana; Adeko, Riang; Mualim, Mualim; Ganefati, Sri Puji; Hidayat, Habibi
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 10 No 1 (2026): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jbes/21897

Abstract

Background: The use of fossil fuels can cause various impacts that lead to health problems. Therefore, an alternative energy source is needed to reduce environmental impact. One form of biomass energy is briquette production. Briquette materials can be obtained from industrial waste, namely durian peels and young coconut shells. Methods: This study employed a laboratory-scale experimental design to evaluate the effect of material composition on briquette quality parameters. Results: The results showed that variations in the composition of durian peel and young coconut shells produced different briquette qualities for each parameter, with a 2:1 mixture providing the most optimal quality with low moisture content (3.91%), low ash content (6.52%), high fixed carbon (85.04%), controlled volatile matter (4.53%), and high calorific value (6096 cal/g). The ANOVA test showed p-values < 0.05 for all quality parameters, indicating that variations in material composition significantly affect the quality of the briquettes produced. Conclusions: This research indicates that the quality of briquettes made from a mixture of durian peel and young coconut shells is influenced by composition, with a 2:1 ratio producing the best quality based on parameters such as moisture content, ash content, bound carbon, volatile matter, and calorific value. Further research is recommended using a wider range of ratios and additional testing, such as durability and combustion emissions, to strengthen the assessment of briquette quality.
Co-Authors Ade Sissca Villia Adeko, Riang Agustine, Hendra Karunia Andriana Marwanto Ashari, Azmi Azizah Ayu, Ajeng Bathari, Rosalia Rina Budi Utomo Buston, Erni Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni Defi Ermayendri Dina Oktavia Efrizon Hariadi Eka, Eka Era Meganovitri Erris Erris Fauziyah, Aulia Tsamrotul GAZALI, MOH. Habibi Hidayat, Habibi Hakim, Atang Abd. Handoyo, Rivaldo Ismiati Ismiati Ismira, Ismira Kamalulloh, Colungga Afgan Krisdiyanta Krisdiyanta, Krisdiyanta Lagiono Lagiono, Lagiono Lucardo, Welly Madinah, Dina Matangaji, Amaludin Mercy Nafratilova Muhlisoh, Elis Mukhlas, Oyo Sunaryo Octafia, Mifta Parlina, Leni Pauzan Efendi Pratama, David Wahyu Ramadhan, Ahmad Ali Ramadhani Ramadhani Reny Suryanti REPERO, REPERO Sahrul, Hervan Saputra, M.Ardian Siska Damayanti Sri Mulyati Sri Puji Ganefati Ulfah Masfufah Ulviyah, Silvi Maryam Widada, Agus Wina Wina, Wina Yayat Hidayat yusmidiarti, yusmidiarti