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Pardede, Rudi
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Journal : JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH

 1 
URGENSI PENGESAHAN RUU PERAMPASAN ASET DALAM PEMULIHAN KERUGIAN NEGARA AKIBAT KORUPSI: PERSPEKTIF YUDIRIS NORMATIF Pardede, Rudi
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Vol 8, No 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Smart Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54314/jssr.v8i3.4356

Abstract

Abstract: Corruption in Indonesia has caused state losses of up to trillions of rupiah annually, while existing legal mechanisms still focus on criminalizing perpetrators and are not optimal in recovering state assets. The disparity between state losses and recovered assets (state loss recovery gap) highlights the weakness of regulations that rely solely on confiscation of assets through criminal decisions (conviction-based asset forfeiture). This study uses a normative juridical method with a legislative, conceptual, and comparative approach to examine the urgency of ratifying the Asset Forfeiture Bill. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture (NCB) mechanism is highly relevant to addressing obstacles to law enforcement, particularly in cases where perpetrators have fled, died, or are difficult to prove criminally. Internationally, similar mechanisms have been implemented effectively in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Switzerland, and are in accordance with the mandate of the 2003 United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC). However, the ratification of this bill remains hampered by political resistance and concerns about abuse of authority. Therefore, transparent, accountable regulatory design and oversight by an independent judiciary are necessary to ensure this legal instrument functions optimally. In conclusion, the ratification of the Asset Confiscation Bill is a strategic step to strengthen corruption eradication, close the state loss recovery gap, and restore public rights more equitably. Keyword: corruption, asset forfeiture, Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture, UNCAC, asset recovery Abstrak: Korupsi di Indonesia telah menimbulkan kerugian negara hingga triliunan rupiah setiap tahun, sementara mekanisme hukum yang ada masih berfokus pada pemidanaan pelaku dan belum optimal dalam memulihkan aset negara. Ketimpangan antara kerugian negara dan aset yang berhasil dikembalikan (state loss recovery gap) memperlihatkan kelemahan regulasi yang hanya mengandalkan perampasan aset melalui putusan pidana (conviction-based asset forfeiture). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan komparatif untuk mengkaji urgensi pengesahan Rancangan Undang-Undang (RUU) Perampasan Aset. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan mekanisme Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture (NCB) sangat relevan untuk mengatasi hambatan penegakan hukum, terutama pada kasus pelaku yang melarikan diri, meninggal dunia, atau sulit dibuktikan secara pidana. Secara internasional, mekanisme serupa telah diterapkan efektif di Amerika Serikat, Inggris, dan Swiss, serta sesuai dengan amanat United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) 2003. Namun, pengesahan RUU ini masih terkendala resistensi politik dan kekhawatiran penyalahgunaan kewenangan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan desain regulasi yang transparan, akuntabel, serta diawasi peradilan independen agar instrumen hukum ini dapat berfungsi optimal. Kesimpulannya, pengesahan RUU Perampasan Aset merupakan langkah strategis untuk memperkuat pemberantasan korupsi, menutup celah state loss recovery gap, dan memulihkan hak-hak publik secara lebih adil. Kata kunci: korupsi, perampasan aset, Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture, UNCAC, pemulihan aset.
INKONSISTENSI HUKUM DALAM PENGEMBALIAN UANG NEGARA HASIL KORUPSI DARI PERSPEKTIF KEPASTIAN HUKUM Pardede, Rudi
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND SOCIAL RESEARCH Vol 8, No 3 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Smart Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54314/jssr.v8i3.4159

Abstract

Abstract: This study examines legal inconsistencies in the process of recovering state financial losses due to corruption in Indonesia, focusing on the principle of legal certainty. Although the law stipulates that the return of state funds does not eliminate criminal penalties, judicial practice shows numerous deviations. This study uses a legislative approach, a case approach, and a conceptual approach to analyze the inconsistency between legal norms and their implementation. Key findings indicate that the implementation of asset recovery is often used as a basis for easing perpetrators' sentences, inconsistent monetary sanctions in court decisions, weak tracking and confiscation of assets, and minimal coordination between law enforcement agencies. As a result, the asset recovery system is ineffective in recovering state losses and creates legal uncertainty. This study recommends systemic reforms to strengthen legal certainty, the proportionality of sanctions, and the effectiveness of decision execution so that substantive justice is truly realized in combating corruption. Keywords: corruption, legal certainty, asset recovery, replacement money, legal inconsistency Abstrak: Penelitian ini mengkaji inkonsistensi hukum dalam proses pengembalian kerugian keuangan negara akibat tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia, dengan fokus pada prinsip kepastian hukum. Meskipun secara normatif hukum telah mengatur bahwa pengembalian uang negara tidak menghapuskan pidana, praktik peradilan menunjukkan banyak penyimpangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kasus, dan pendekatan konseptual untuk menganalisis ketidaksesuaian antara norma hukum dan implementasinya. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pengembalian aset kerap dijadikan dasar untuk meringankan hukuman pelaku, tidak konsistennya sanksi uang pengganti dalam putusan pengadilan, lemahnya pelacakan serta penyitaan aset, dan minimnya koordinasi antar lembaga penegak hukum. Akibatnya, sistem asset recovery tidak efektif dalam memulihkan kerugian negara dan menciptakan ketidakpastian hukum. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan reformasi sistemik guna memperkuat kepastian hukum, proporsionalitas sanksi, dan efektivitas eksekusi putusan agar keadilan substantif benar-benar terwujud dalam penanggulangan korupsi. Kata kunci: korupsi, kepastian hukum, pengembalian aset, uang pengganti, inkonsistensi   hukum
Co-Authors Afriandi, Angga Afriansyah, Ricky Ardan, Andra Ardiansah, Ardiansah Ardiansah, Ardiansah Asnawi, Edi Bagio Kadaryanto, Bagio Bangun, Tri Suranta Budiarto, Yusuf Daeng, Yusuf DM , M. Yusuf DM, M. Yusuf DM, Yusuf Eddy Asnawi Ernawaty, Beby Fahmi Fahmi Fahmi Harahap, Irawan Hartono, Wandi Hutabarat, santa Delima ILFAN AFRIANDI JAHRI, ILFAN AFRIANDI Koto, Arsyad Kurnia, Putri Meinecky, Ryan Minggu, Sumber Horas Muhammad Rasyid Abdillah Muhammad Rizki Muhardi, Dekky Nofarizal, Dedi Nugraha, Ahmad Angga Oryta, Deny Purba, Desi Valentianna Br Purnomo, Candra Putra, Alghoni Bumantara Reski Putra, Hapis Rizqa Anita sandra dewi Sari M, Ayu Novita Sihombing, Indra Lamhot Sihombing, Rainer Wilona Sihotang, Marito Sari Simamora, Bona Adrian Sistha, Windy Widya Waloyo, Waloyo Yalid Yalid Yetti, Yetti Yusuf DM, M. Yusuf Yusuf