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Natural Compounds in Guava (Psidium guajava) Leaves: A Phytochemical Study Mustapha, Musa Azegya; A, Arowora K.; S, Ezeonu C.; Umaru, Isaac John
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 2 No 3 (2025): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v2i3.8017

Abstract

This study investigates the chemical composition and hepatoprotective potential of ferrous nanoparticles (FeNPs) synthesized from Psidium guajava (Linn.) leaf extract, focusing on their effects on liver function in male Wistar rats. Fresh leaves of P. guajava were collected from the Government Reservation Area (G.R.A), Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria, washed, air-dried, and pulverized for analysis. The resulting leaf powder was subjected to phytochemical screening, vitamin profiling, and mineral composition analysis, while the synthesized FeNPs were characterized using UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). GC–MS analysis revealed a rich profile of bioactive compounds, with 2-hexyl-1-octanol identified as the most abundant constituent. Vitamin profiling showed a high concentration of folate (65.10%), moderate levels of thiamine (32.90%), and trace amounts of vitamin E (1.40%) and vitamin K (0.60%). Mineral analysis indicated potassium (9.40 ± 0.89 ppm) as the predominant element among the five minerals detected. UV–visible spectroscopy confirmed the successful synthesis of FeNPs, evidenced by a characteristic absorption peak at 360 nm, while FTIR analysis identified functional groups such as hydroxyl (O–H), alkane (C–H), and alkene (C=C), suggesting the presence of phytochemicals capable of reducing and stabilizing the nanoparticles. Overall, the findings demonstrate that Psidium guajava leaf extract is a rich source of vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals that effectively mediate the green synthesis of ferrous nanoparticles, and that the presence of bioactive compounds and functional groups supports the potential of these FeNPs for biomedical applications, particularly in liver function modulation. This study provides a foundational basis for further exploration of the therapeutic efficacy and safety of guava leaf-derived nanoparticles in hepatoprotection and other health-related interventions.
Chronic Disease Management: Integrating Occupational Risk Evaluation with Predictive Prevention and Diagnostics Umaru, Isaac John; Asare, Solomon O.; Danjuma, Tyem Lawal; Eno, Gomba Victoria; Akem, Ingwu Joseph; Chukwudi, Eluu Emmanuel; Salman, Julius Ishaya; Umaru, Hauwa A.; Ahmed, Maryam Usman
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 3 No 1 (2026): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v3i1.9304

Abstract

Occupational health has become an increasingly important dimension of public health, particularly in efforts to prevent chronic disease; however, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in this area is constrained by the lack of standardized occupational exposure metrics, limited representation of diverse work environments, and fragmented data systems. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of occupational exposure variables on chronic disease risk prediction, assess the performance of Random Forest, XGBoost, and Deep Neural Network (DNN) models across workplace contexts, and propose a framework for interoperable platforms that integrate health and occupational data to strengthen predictive analytics and early diagnostics. Using a cross-sectional dataset of 5,000 workers from the manufacturing, agriculture, healthcare, and service sectors, the study analyzed demographic characteristics, clinical biomarkers, occupational exposure logs, and psychosocial assessments. Model performance was evaluated using ROC-AUC, precision, recall, and F1-score, while feature importance analysis quantified the contribution of occupational variables; in addition, a prototype interoperable platform was developed to demonstrate real-time integration between electronic health records and workplace monitoring systems. The findings showed that the DNN model outperformed the other algorithms, achieving a ROC-AUC of 0.89, precision of 0.85, recall of 0.88, and F1-score of 0.86. Occupational exposure variables contributed 27% to predictive power, with chemical exposure and psychosocial stressors showing the strongest associations with chronic disease markers. Among high-risk individuals, 54% were identified with subclinical conditions, including elevated C-reactive protein and HbA1c levels, while personalized interventions based on model outputs reduced risk scores by 22% and improved biometric indicators. The interoperable platform also successfully synchronized health and exposure data, enabling real-time analytics and targeted alerts. These findings demonstrate that integrating standardized occupational exposure metrics with interoperable data platforms substantially enhances the accuracy and practical utility of AI-driven chronic disease prediction, while supporting more equitable and proactive occupational health surveillance across diverse industries.
The Legalization of Abortion and Its Influence on Youth Sexual Behavior and the Catholic Church: A Case Study of Adamawa State Umaru, Isaac John; Akem, Ingwu Joseph; Asare, Solomon O.; Danjuma, Tyem Lawal; Yeboah, Genevieve A.; Salman, Julius Ishaya; Umaru, Hauwa A.; Ahmed, Maryam Usman
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 3 No 1 (2026): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v3i1.9401

Abstract

Although debates on abortion reform have intensified in Nigeria, limited attention has been paid to how partial legalization shapes youth perspectives and sexual and reproductive behaviors within specific sociocultural and religious contexts. This study examines how the limited legalization of abortion influences youth attitudes and behaviors in Adamawa State, with particular attention to demographic, cultural, and institutional factors, as well as the Catholic Church’s response to these changes. A qualitative approach was employed through interviews with health workers, clergy, and youths aged 18–25 from urban and rural areas of Adamawa State. Supplementary data were obtained from community forums, church outreach programs, and health service records, and the data were analyzed thematically to identify patterns in attitudes, behaviors, and institutional responses. The findings indicate a marked urban–rural divide, with urban youths reporting higher sexual activity, greater contraceptive use, and stronger support for reproductive autonomy. The study also found that the Catholic Church’s moral campaigns have had limited influence, particularly among urban youths who perceive religious teachings as less relevant to contemporary realities. In contrast, health workers were viewed as more trusted sources of guidance, while peers and media played a substantial role in shaping youth behavior. The study concludes that the evolving legal and cultural landscape in Adamawa State reflects a broader generational shift toward autonomy and informed decision-making among youths. These findings contribute to understanding the changing relationship between legal reform, religious influence, and youth reproductive behavior, and suggest that more balanced strategies integrating moral guidance, comprehensive education, and supportive policies are needed to promote healthy youth development in a changing society.
Impact of Distinct Carbon Substrates on the Proliferation of Antimicrobial-Producing Microbes Umaru, Isaac John; Danjuma, Tyem Lawal; Akem, Ingwu Joseph; Salman, Julius Ishaya; Ahmed, Maryam Usman; Umaru, Hauwa A.
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 3 No 2 (2026): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v3i2.9474

Abstract

Microbial production of antimicrobial compounds remains a fundamental area of biotechnology and pharmaceutical development, and its efficiency is strongly influenced by the carbon source available in the growth medium, which functions not only as an energy substrate but also as a regulator of microbial metabolism and secondary metabolite synthesis. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of five carbon sources—glucose, lactose, sucrose, starch, and glycerol—on microbial biomass yield, strain-specific growth preferences, metabolic compatibility, antimicrobial potency, inhibition zones, and bioactive metabolite production. Seven microbial strains, including Streptomyces, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Actinomyces, and Clostridium, were cultured in media supplemented with each carbon source. Biomass yield was measured gravimetrically, growth rate indices were calculated on a scale of 0–10, antimicrobial potency was assessed using zone of inhibition assays against S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae, and metabolite yield was quantified in mg/L using spectrophotometric analysis. All experiments were conducted in triplicate. The findings showed that glucose produced the highest biomass yield and growth rates across all strains, with Bacillus and Pseudomonas each scoring 10. Lactose demonstrated selective effectiveness, particularly for Streptomyces, whereas sucrose supported moderate growth and selective antimicrobial activity. In contrast, starch and glycerol consistently resulted in low biomass production and minimal antimicrobial potency. The zone of inhibition results further confirmed that glucose and lactose were the most effective substrates, with inhibition zones exceeding 20 mm. Similarly, metabolite yield was highest with glucose (120 ± 5.4 mg/L) and lactose (115 ± 4.9 mg/L), while glycerol produced the lowest yield (30 ± 1.5 mg/L). The study concludes that carbon source selection plays a critical role in microbial proliferation and antimicrobial compound production, with glucose and lactose emerging as the most suitable substrates for broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and high metabolite yield. These findings contribute practical evidence for optimizing fermentation strategies according to microbial metabolic profiles to enhance antimicrobial synthesis.
Effect of Mangifera Indica Root Methanolic Extract on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Albino Rats Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Nanmar, Chakfa; Umaru, Isaac John; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3397

Abstract

The growing prevalence of diabetes in both developed and developing nations has prompted scientists to intensify their research efforts in identifying potent therapeutic compounds from natural sources. These compounds are aimed at more effectively treating and managing diabetes. The aim of this research is to determine the potentials of Mangifera Indica on induced hyperglycemic rats. The materials and methods : The roots will be cut into small pieces, air-dried and 100g of the root powdered soaked , extracted in rotary evaporator, fort albino rats is used. Diabetes will be induced in rats by injecting them intraperitoneally (i.p.) with freshly prepared streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in citrate buffer (0.1 M pH 4.5) after an overnight fast and Hyperglycemia confirmed. Thirty albino rats is randomly divided into six groups, each consisting of five rats: group 1-6. Group 1-3 control groups, NC (Normal non-treated control), DM (Negative control rats), PC (Positive Control) group 4-6 (Mangifera indica treated diabetic rats). The NC and DM (control groups) will be given distilled water, while the MI and DM + MI (experimental groups) will receive Mangifera indica extract at a dose of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/b.wt. Results: Day one blood glucose levels was lowered significantly (p < 0.05). Day three treatments with standard drug and 100 mg/kg body weight extract lowered blood glucose significantly (p < 0.05) close to normal after induction with alloxan. The results of selected liver test indicates that AST decreased significantly, ALT increased significantly, ALP increased significantly, TP decreased significantly, GLB decreased significantly, TB increased significantly, DB increased significantly, INDB increased significantly. The results of kidney function test show that urea increased significantly, no significant difference shown in creatinine, potassium level were raised significantly, chloride and carbon dioxide were elevated significantly.
Antibacterial Effect of Methanol Extract of Newbouldia laevis Leaves on Some Selected Resistant Pathogen on Synthesised Drugs Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac; Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen; Tansaba, Akafa Andes; Nanmar, Chakfa; Danjuma, Tyem Lawal; Umaru, Isaac John
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3399

Abstract

Newbouldia laevis is a tropical plant belonging to the family of Bignoniaceae. It is among the most useful plants in Africa. Historically medicinal plants have been provided a good source of inspiration for novel therapeutic drugs which has made a large contribution to health and well-being of humans. It has been used over the years to as curative agents against many infections and have been exploited in the traditional medicine with their curative potentials. Material and methods: The leaves of Newbouldia laevis was bought from a local market in Wukari, Taraba State. The leaves of Newbouldia laevis was chop into pieces, air-dried for four days and then pulverized into fine powder. About 250 g of the powdered bark extracted with 2 L of ethanol using maceration method for 72 hrs. The crude extracts of Newbouldia laevis was used in antibacterial assay. The results observed demonstrate that the Newbouldia leaves methanol crude extract possesses concentration-dependent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive resistant bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia) bacteria. The increasing inhibition zones with higher concentrations suggest a potential dose-response relationship.
Review on DNA Modification for Drug Tartgeting Purposes Marvelous, Solomon Godiya; Umaru, Isaac John; Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3400

Abstract

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) modification for drug targeting purposes is a rapidly advancing field that holds great promise for revolutionizing the way we approach disease treatment, offering precise and personalized approaches to tackle diseases. This seminar work provides an overview of the potential application of DNA modification for drug targeting. The seminar work begins by introducing nucleic acid and its types, structure of DNA and DNA modification, the concept of DNA modification and its significance in the context of drug targeting. It highlights the potential of DNA modification techniques, such as gene editing and epigenetic modifications. It also explores the application of DNA modification for drug targeting purposes. It discusses the use of gene editing technologies, such as CRISPR-Cas9, in correcting genetic mutations associated with inherited disorders or targeting disease-causing genes. By utilizing DNA modification techniques, drug targeting can be fine-tuned to enhance efficacy and minimize side effects. In general, this seminar report emphasizes the great potential of DNA modification for drug targeting purposes. By precisely modifying DNA, scientists can develop targeted therapies, correct genetic mutations, and optimize drug responses.
Health Risk Analysis and Heavy Metals Speciation of Arable Farmlands In some selected Areas of Northern Taraba State Nigeria Habibu, Bilyaminu; Olawale, Otitoju; Ejeh, Yakubu Ojochenemi; Umaru, Isaac John; Oko, John Odiba; Yusufu, Dawoye; Dauda, Mai-anguwa Abdulrashid
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3563

Abstract

Background and Objective: Soil plays a major role in food safety and security. A major problem in most developing nations is a lack of food security and safety. The soil environment is a reservoir of nutrients as well as pollutants. This study eval_uated the health risk and heavy metals speciation of arable farmlands in Ardo-Kola, Zing and Yorro, Local Government Areas of Taraba State, Nigeria. Methodology: Three different soil samples from three Local Government Areas of Taraba State (Ardo-Kola, Zing and Yorro) were collected using sterile glass sample collection bottles measured at 5 cm depth. The collected soil samples were freed from unwanted materials by hand picking and air-dried for 5 days to remove excess moisture. The dried soil samples were crushed in with mortar and a pestle, the crushed soil sample was sieved through a 2 mm sieve made of stainless steel the sieved soil sample was further pulverized to a fine powder and passed through a 0.5-mm sieve. Heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg and As) concentrations were assayed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Results: The results showed that Chromium had a high concentration with values ranging from 1.83 mg/kg to 2.62 mg/kg. While Lead and Mercury had the lowest concentration of less than 0.03 mg/kg across the studied areas. For ecological risk assessment parameters; target cancer risk, hazard index (HI) estimated daily intake (EDI) were all determined to assess the non-carcinogenic health risk. Ardo-Kola recorded the highest levels of HM, followed by Yorro, whereas Zing had the lowest concentration. Consumption of crops harvested from the sampled location may pose a serious health challenge; bio-accumulation of toxicants in the soil across the studied areas may pose a health risk due to high concentration of heavy metals which are known to generate free radicals that may lead to oxidative stress and other cellular damages in humans. Conclusion: Although most of the studied heavy metals were significantly present in all the analyzed soil except lead and mercury, their concentration in various soil samples across the studied areas exceeded the permissible levels as recommended by WHO except for Lead and mercury.
A Review: Biochemical Role of House Fly in the Transmission of Medically Important Parasites Joel, Emmanuel Askebnde; Alooma, Emmanuel; Wilson, Ubur Terzulum; Umaru, Isaac John; Iseko, Kingsley Iyoko; Istifanus, Dafup Katdel
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3685

Abstract

House flies (Musca domestica) can be found everywhere in the world except Antarctica, especially in regions with dense populations, hot weather, and inadequate hygiene. They are insects of small to medium size, featuring a unique gray body and big compound eyes that are colored red. House flies experience full metamorphosis, which includes four separate life phases: egg, larva (maggot), pupa, and adult. House flies are seen as important pests for public health because they can carry various pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and parasites. Because of their close connection to human actions, capability to travel far distances, and inclination to breed in decaying organic material, they are highly effective carriers for transmitting different illnesses. House flies have been linked to the spread of more than 100 different disease-causing microorganisms, leading to illnesses like gastroenteritis, dysentery, and cholera. Apart from bacterial pathogens, house flies have also been discovered to play a role in spreading different viruses and medically significant parasites. This review describes the physical characteristics and behavior of the house fly, highlighting its unique attributes like compound eyes, antennae, thorax, abdomen, and wings. The stages of development of a house fly, from egg to larva, pupa, and adult. It also offers distinct ways in which house flies can spread medically significant parasites, emphasizing the public health impact of this occurrence, especially in regions with inadequate sanitation and restricted healthcare access. It is essential to comprehend the role of house flies in transmitting these parasites in order to create successful control methods and enhance public health results.
Isolation and Identification of Phenol Degrading Bacteria in Refuse Dumping Site Muhammad, Muhammad Bashir; Aisami, Abubakar; Dauda, Maianguwa Abdulrashid; Adeseye, Abdullahi Sa’adu; Umaru, Isaac John; Oluwabunmi, Helen; Habibu, Bilyaminu; Oladele, Gloria Omonefe
Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology Vol 1 No 1 (2024): Kwaghe International Journal of Sciences and Technology
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/kijst.v1i1.3686

Abstract

Phenol is a harmful compound found in soil, and its removal is crucial for human health. Phenol or hydroxybenzene, is both a synthetically and naturally produced aromatic compound. Microorganisms capable of degrading phenol are common and include both aerobes and anaerobes. In this study, researchers collected soil samples from INEX refuse dumping site along Bajoga road of kwami, Gombe state, and determined the abundance of heterotrophic and degradation bacteria using serial dilution and most probable number (MPN) methods. This experimental research study was carried out in order to isolate and identify phenol-degrading bacteria in polluted soil, the effect of concentration and pH was analysed during the procedure. Bacteria was isolated from contaminated soil and sub-cultured in a Mineral-salt media which was prepared with phenol added as the only carbon source needed for the bacterial growth, The bacterial isolate was identified as Escherichia coli a gram-negative bacteria. The favourable concentration and pH required for the growth of the bacteria was determined as 200mg/L and pH 7 respectively. These findings have significance in bioremediation for employing suitable bacteria in suitable condition for solving environmental pollution crises.
Co-Authors A, Ajala-Lawal R. A, Arowora K. A., Arowora K. Abah, Moses Adondua Abbas, Khalid Yahuza Abbas, Sabahat Abdulghafoor, Hind A. Abdulkadir, Nurudeen Umar Abdulrasheed, Lubabatu Abershi, Ajiduku Leyoa Absalom, Augustine Abu, Michael S. Abu, Michael Sunday Acha, Ozzioma Praise Adam, Habiba Idris Adam, Idris Habiba Adams, Idris Habiba Adamu, Usman Lukman Adebisi, Arowora Kayode Adeseye, Abdullahi Sa’adu Adi, Godwin Baaku Agaba, Eric Agim Agwu, James Eneji Ahmed, Fasihuddin Badruddin Ahmed, Maayam Usman Ahmed, Maryam Usman Ahmed, Misbah Aisami, Abubakar Akafa, Andes Tensaba Akafa, Tensaba Andes Akafa, Vika Tensaba Akam, Odok Endurance Akem, Ingwu Joseph Akem3, Ingwu Joseph Akpan, Usenobong Morgan Akumia, Prince Osei Al-Musawi, Jehan Mohammad Al-Musawi, Jehan Mohammed Ale, Ebenezer Morayo Ali, , Jaouher Ben Ali, Jaouher Ben Aliyu, Sulaiman Abubakar Alooma, Emmanuel Amen, Ananias Ametefe, Mathias Mawuli Amoah, Kwabena Owusu Amofa, Gift Amuda, A. J. Andeuka, Useni Ajiya Asare, Solomon O. Asare, Solomon Ossom Aslam, Muhammad Tayyab Aslam, Nosheen Asuelimen, Steve Osagie Audu, Anthony Mishara Audu, Jankada Patience Ayara, Charles Ayi, Atsu Ayo, Victoria Ifeoluwa Bafai, Favour Joel Baig, Muhammad Haris Bando, David Christopher Bappa, Lipana Dorcas Benjamin, Wisdom L. Bobie, Shelter Agbeko Brown, Samuel Tamunoiyowuna Cockeye C, Ugwuoke Kenneth Chikata, Ezugwu Hilary Chinedu, Imo Chinonso, Anih David Chishti, Abdul Wadood Chisom, Gabriel Favour Chuanu, Solomon Chukwudi, Eluu Emmanuel Chukwudi, Emmanuel Eluu Dambazau, Zainab Bello Daniel, Benjamin Nanisi Danjuma, Janya Danjuma, Tyem Lawal Dauda, Mai-anguwa Abdulrashid Dauda, Maianguwa Abdulrashid Dauda, Maianguwa Abdulrsashid David, Bando Christopher David, Izam Emmanuel Dooshima, Arowora Mercy Efongwa, Emmanuel Efoseh, Danlami Ejeh, Yakubu Ojochenemi Ekpo, Fidelis Okii Ekubnse, Nkiri Annasthesia Ekunyi, Agbo Chibuike Ekup, Ogholo Ogholo Emmanuel, Okoli Emochone, Roy Yohanna Enang, Kingsley Bassey Eno, Gomba Victoria Enyojo, Lawal Favour Esseyi, Chabunda Endashi Essien, Inemesit Samuel Ezeonu, Chukuma Stephen Frank, Otashu Kenneth Galam, Nanyak Zingfa Gbadebo, Adetoyi Moses Ghazwani, Eisa Yazeed Goje, Lazaru Joseph Grace, Onwubiko N. Gyasi, Prince Kwadwo Habibu, Bilyaminu Hasan, Mohammed Khudhair Hassan, George Okra Hassan, Okrah George Henry, Onwubiko A. Iba, Bemhemba Iftikhar, Momina Iheanacho, Chinedu Christian Ijeomah, Nkechi Gift Ikira, Usman Innocent, Nwofor Ipav, Selumun Solomon Iseko, Kingsley Iyoko Ismail, Muhammad Zuhairah Istifanus, Dafup Kadel Istifanus, Dafup Katdel Jabir, Abdulmumin Jack, Precious Chioma Jacob, Mathew Janya, Danjuma Javed, Amna Jehan Mohammed Al-Musawi, Jehan Mohammed Joel, Emmanuel Askeb-nde Joel, Emmanuel Askebnde John, Artu Ishishen John, Omachi Blessing John, Tongle Nanle Johnson, Joanna Afariba Joseph, Ikwebe Joseph, Iornenge Terungwa Kayode, Arowora Khan, Alam Afroz Urooj Khan, Fahad Said Kingsly, Iseko Iyoko Konka, Daniel Laila, Umme Madaki, Kanati Mafe, Alice Njolke Mahmood, Abid Maianguwa, dulrashid Dauda Makanjuola, Victor Malantso, Jackson Soyinka Manu, Sukyakma Maqbool, Tahmina Marvelous, Solomon Godiya Matilda, Manasseh Ilumunter Mchibuma, Jibaniya Grace Melvin, Ugwuala Chimaobi Mijinyawa, Aboki Nwunuji Mijinyawa, Ibrahim Jamilat Mohammed, Ikrimah Usman Mohammed, Rashida Ismail Mona, Etah Hope Morayo, Ale Ebenezer Morgan, Akpan Usenobong Morolake, Olabanji Martina Moses, Iyekekpolor Osamudiame Muhammad Abdullah Muhammad Akram Muhammad, Muhammad Bashir Mustapha, Musa Azegya Najeeb, Aliyu Olamilekan Namuma, Shitta Nasisi Nanmar, Chakfa Ngabea, Nasiru Audu Ngbede, Ocheifa Mathew Ngbede, Ocheifa Matthew O, Mosugu O. Odufa, Egbeadumah Maryanne Ogochukwu, Edom Favour Okang, Ogar Fonne Oko, John Odiba Okoli, Emmanuel Chikodiri Okwori, Ameh Godwin Oladele, Gloria Omonefe Oladimeji, Oluwasegun M. Olawale, Otitoju Olawale, Otitujo Olayemi, Abimbola Gbenga Olayeni, Abimbola Gbenga Oluwabunmi, Adeseye Helen Oluwabunmi, Helen Oluwale, Otitoju Omanchi, Emmanuel Omanchi, Emmanuel Olofu Omolara, Mosugu Ovayoza Onyindia, Agbo Christiana Onyinyechi, Nwachukwu Favour Oteng, Joseph Otitoju, Olawale Oyibo, Okpanachi Nuhu Ozdemi, Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir, Fethi Ahmet Peter, Danladi Mbosire Peter, Prosper Uneju Philemon, Panah Philip, Shadrach Rashid, Abid Rebecca, Tsokwa Punarimam Rehman, Urooj S, Ezeonu C. Sadia, Haleema Salman, Julius Ishaya Shadrach, Katchim Evelyn Shadrach, Katchin Evelyn Shadrach, Philip Shahid, Isbah Shaibu, Isaac Eleojo Sheneni, Victor Duniya Shenia, Zephaniah Hananiah Siddan, Ahmad Alhassan Sirina, Bakari Genevieve Sołowski, Gaweł Sule, Josephine Maina Sunday, Abu Michael Sunday, James Agbu Talent, Akoh Miracle Tansaba, Akafa Andes Tensaba, Akafa Andes Tersur, Kyugah Jacob Tiimob, Gideon Likida Timothy, Mgbede Tony-Enwin, Evelyn Ovenomo Tyem, Lawal Danjuma Uchechukwu, Ukoh Daniel Udoh, Mary Athanasius Uduak, Peter Ise Ugbedeojo, Sule John Ugoeze, Egeonu Stephen Ujah, Oche Williams Ujah, Williams Oche Umahi, David Umar, Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru, Hauwa A. Umaru, Kerenhappuch Isaac Umaru, Kerenhapucch Isaac Umogbai, Debora Akinola Utioukpan, Ashaka Fidelis Williams, Queen Uyo Wilson, Ubur Terzulum Yahaya, Musbau Adekunle Yakubu, Kaka Garpiya Yakubu, Ojochenemi E. Yakubu, Ojochenemi Ejeh Yeboah, Genevieve A. Yeboah, Genevieve Akpah Yemisi, Adeyanju Kate Yuguda, Ismail Yunusa Yusuf, Obadiah Saveni Yusufu, Dawoye Zinas, Simon Teza