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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Jupiter Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Elektro Komputer dan Informatika (JITEKI) Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI) Indonesian Journal on Computing (Indo-JC) JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization Al Ishlah Jurnal Pendidikan Sinkron : Jurnal dan Penelitian Teknik Informatika Jurnal RESTI (Rekayasa Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi) JURNAL MEDIA INFORMATIKA BUDIDARMA BAREKENG: Jurnal Ilmu Matematika dan Terapan Jurnal Nasional Komputasi dan Teknologi Informasi JURIKOM (Jurnal Riset Komputer) Jurnal Teknologi Terpadu STRING (Satuan Tulisan Riset dan Inovasi Teknologi) MULTINETICS Jurnal Mantik JATI (Jurnal Mahasiswa Teknik Informatika) Sains, Aplikasi, Komputasi dan Teknologi Informasi JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SYSTEM RESEARCH (JOSH) Charity : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Journal of Software Engineering, Information and Communication Technology Jurnal Teknik Informatika Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Engineering Applications (JAIEA) Asian Journal of Community Services (AJCS) eProceedings of Engineering Tekmulogi: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Journal of Law, Education and Business Scientica: Jurnal Ilmiah Sains dan Teknologi Jurnal Ecotipe (Electronic, Control, Telecommunication, Information, and Power Engineering) Journal of Mathematics, Computation and Statistics (JMATHCOS)
Ichwanul Muslim Karo Karo
Universitas Negeri Medan
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Penerapan Konsep Matriks dalam Aljabar Linear untuk Mengubah Citra Berwarna (RGB) Menjadi Grayscale Menggunakan Octave dengan GUI Evelyn Keisha Silalahi; Ichwanul Muslim Karo Karo
Jurnal Nasional Komputasi dan Teknologi Informasi (JNKTI) Vol 8, No 2 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Komputer, Fakultas Teknik. Universitas Serambi Mekkah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32672/jnkti.v8i2.8994

Abstract

Abstrak - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan konsep matriks dalam aljabar linear dalam proses konversi citra berwarna (RGB) menjadi grayscale menggunakan perangkat lunak Octave dengan antarmuka grafis pengguna (GUI). Citra berwarna biasanya direpresentasikan dalam format RGB yang terdiri dari tiga kanal warna: merah (Red), hijau (Green), dan biru (Blue). Konversi dari citra berwarna ke grayscale dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan rumus kombinasi linier, di mana setiap komponen warna dikalikan dengan bobot tertentu, yaitu Y = 0.2989 * R + 0.5870 * G + 0.1140 * B. Rumus ini menggambarkan proses aljabar linier karena merupakan gabungan linier dari tiga vektor atau matriks yang mewakili kanal warna. Dalam penelitian ini, kami membangun sebuah GUI berbasis Octave yang memungkinkan pengguna untuk mengunggah gambar berformat RGB, mengonversinya menjadi grayscale, dan menampilkan hasil konversi tersebut dalam antarmuka yang interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konversi warna ke grayscale dapat dilakukan dengan efisien menggunakan operasi matriks dan kombinasi linier, serta antarmuka pengguna yang mudah digunakan dapat meningkatkan pengalaman pengguna dalam pemrosesan citra. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan lebih dalam tentang penerapan teori aljabar linear dalam pengolahan citra digital serta pengembangan perangkat lunak berbasis GUI untuk tujuan akademis maupun industri.Kata kunci: aljabar linear, matriks, RGB, grayscale, Octave, GUI, pemrosesan citra Abstract - This research aims to apply matrix concepts in linear algebra in the process of converting color images (RGB) to grayscale using Octave software with a graphical user interface (GUI). A color image is typically represented in RGB format, consisting of three color channels: Red, Green, and Blue. The conversion of a color image to grayscale is performed using a linear combination formula, where each color component is multiplied by a specific weight: Y = 0.2989 * R + 0.5870 * G + 0.1140 * B. This formula illustrates a linear algebra process because it is a linear combination of three vectors or matrices representing the color channels. In this study, we developed a GUI-based Octave application that allows users to upload RGB formatted images, convert them to grayscale, and display the conversion results in an interactive interface. The results show that color-to-grayscale conversion can be efficiently achieved using matrix operations and linear combinations, and the user interface improves the user experience in image processing. This research is expected to provide deeper insights into the application of linear algebra theory in digital image processing as well as the development of GUI-based software for academic and industrial purposes.Keywords: linear algebra, matrices, RGB,; grayscale, Octave, GUI, image processing
Indonesian Elementary Students’ Perceptions of Teachers’ Affective Support: A Cluster Analysis Using National Literacy and Numeracy Assessment Data Rizki Habibi; Muliawan Firdaus; Ichwanul Muslim Karo Karo
AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan Vol 17, No 4 (2025): DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : STAI Hubbulwathan Duri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35445/alishlah.v17i4.7754

Abstract

Affective support from teachers—such as academic expectations, attention and care, and constructive feedback—plays a critical role in students’ learning outcomes but is often underexplored in large-scale educational assessments, particularly in developing countries. This study examines how Indonesian elementary students perceive teacher affective support and how these perceptions relate to their literacy and numeracy performance. Using data from the 2023 Indonesian National Assessment involving 214,481 fifth-grade students, we employed K-Means clustering to identify latent student profiles based on their literacy, numeracy, and self-reported perceptions of teacher support. Variables were normalized, and the optimal number of clusters was determined using the Elbow, Silhouette, and Davies-Bouldin methods. Five distinct student clusters emerged, each characterized by unique combinations of academic achievement and affective perceptions. High-achieving students consistently reported more positive perceptions of teacher support, particularly in terms of feedback and expectations. ANOVA tests confirmed significant differences (p 0.001) across clusters in all affective and academic variables, with moderate to large effect sizes. The findings highlight the alignment between academic success and perceived teacher affective support. This clustering approach reveals nuanced student profiles that traditional methods may overlook, offering a data-driven foundation for differentiated teaching, teacher training, and policy interventions. Clustering national assessment data provides actionable insights for enhancing affective support in classrooms. The methodology is scalable and adaptable for use in other educational systems seeking to personalize instruction and promote equity.
Co-Authors Abil Mansyur, Abil Adawiah Hasyani, Rabiahtul Ade Amelia, Tasya Adidtya Perdana, Adidtya Aditia Sanjaya Ahyar, Khoirul Ananda Khosuri Angelina Prima Kurniati Anggraini, Nisa Putri Aqila Aqila, Aqila Azizul Azhar Ramli Bachruddin Saleh Luturlean Bakti Dwi Waluyo Darari, Muhammad Badzlan Daulay, Leni Karmila Dedy Kiswanto Dian Septiana Dimas Pebrian Supandi Ester Berliana Ritonga, Yolanda Evelyn Keisha Silalahi Eviyona Laurenta Br Barus Fadillah, Wahyu Nur Falah, Miftahul Fitri Rahayu Fitria, Nur Anisa Gea, Kurnia Mildawati Ginting, Manan Gunawan, Rizky Habibi, Rizki Haraha, Melyana Hariyanto HARIYANTO HARIYANTO Hariyanto Hariyanto Hariyanto, Hariyanto Hendriyana Hendriyana Heru Nugroho Husna Batubara, Shabrina Ida Ayu Putu Sri Widnyani Jodi Kusuma Juan Steiven Imanuel Septory Justaman Arifin Karo Karo Karo karo, Justaman Arifin Karo Karo, Justaman Arifin Landong, Ahmad Lorinez S, Yohana Manan Ginting Mardiana Mardiana Maretha Br. Simbolon, Silvana Maulana Malik Fajri Maulidna, Maulidna Melania Justice Panggabean Miftahul Falah Miftahul Falah Mohd Farhan Md Fudzee Mohd Farhan MD Fudzee, Mohd Farhan Molliq Rangkuti, Yulita Mufida, Yasmin Muhammad Yusuf Mutiara Sihaloho, Laura Adelia Nasution, Aurela Khoiri Natasya, Amanda Nelza, Novia Nur Hafni Nurul Ain Farhana Nurul Ikhsan Panggabean, Suvriadi Permata Putri Pasaribu, Yohanna Purba, Desni Paramitha Putri Harliana Putri Maulidina Fadilah Ramadhani, Fanny Ramanti Dharayani Ramli, Azizul Azhar Rangkuti, Y. M Reinaldo Kenneth Darmawan Rennyta Yusiana Retno Setyorini Rizki Habibi Roby Dwi Hartanto Rohmat Saragih Romia Romia Said . Iskandar Salsabila, Aqila Shahreen Kasim Shahreen Kasim, Shahreen Simamora, Elmanani Sisti Nadia Amalia Sri Dewi Sri Dewi Sri Dewi Sri Suryani Supra Yogi Syahrin , Alvin Valentino, Bob Wahyu Nur Fadillah Wardhani Muhamad Warjaya, Angga Wibowo, Adinda Widi Astuti winsyahputra Ritonga Yahya Peranginangin Yulita Molliq Rangkuti Yulita Molliq Rangkuti Yulita Molliq Rangkuti Yunianto Yunianto Yunianto Yunianto Yunianto Yunianto, Yunianto ZK Abdurahman Baizal