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Journal : Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics

How Deep Learning and Neural Networks can Improve Prosthetics and Exoskeletons: A Review of State-of-the-Art Methods and Challenges Triwiyanto, Triwiyanto; Caesarendra, Wahyu; Ahmed, Abdussalam Ali; V.H, Abdullayev
Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Vol 5 No 4 (2023): October
Publisher : Department of Electromedical Engineering, POLTEKKES KEMENKES SURABAYA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/jeeemi.v5i4.333

Abstract

Deep learning and neural networks are powerful computational methods that have been widely applied in various fields, such as healthcare and robotics. In this paper, we review some of the recent research studies that use deep learning and neural networks in healthcare and robotics, particularly focusing on their application in prosthetics and exoskeletons. The main source of data for this review is Scopus, which is a large and multidisciplinary database of peer-reviewed literature. The search criteria for this review are exoskeleton AND prosthetic AND deep AND learning. The search is limited to documents published from 2014 to 2023, as this period covers the recent developments and trends in the field4. The search results in 488 documents that match the criteria. We selected 20 papers that represent the state-of-the-art methods and applications of deep learning and neural networks in prosthetics and exoskeletons. We categorized these papers by various attributes, such as document type, subject area, sensor type, respondent, condition, etc. The main finding of this paper was that deep learning techniques and neural networks have diverse and transformative potential in healthcare and robotics, especially in the development and improvement of prosthetics and exoskeletons. The paper highlighted how these advanced computational methods can be harnessed to interpret complex biological signals, improve device functionality, enhance user safety, and ultimately improve quality of life for individuals using these devices. The paper also identified some possible future directions for this topic, such as exploring the impact of deep learning techniques and neural networks on the performance, usability, and user satisfaction of prosthetics and exoskeletons. This paper provided a valuable insight into the current state-of-the-art and future prospects of deep learning techniques and neural networks in healthcare and robotics
Implementation of C5.0 Algorithm using Chi-Square Feature Selection for Early Detection of Hepatitis C Disease MAHMUD, Mahmud; BUDİMAN, Irwan; INDRİANİ, Fatma; KARTİNİ, Dwi; FAİSAL, Mohammad Reza; ROZAQ, Hasri Akbar Awal; YILDIZ, Oktay; Caesarendra, Wahyu
Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Vol 6 No 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Department of Electromedical Engineering, POLTEKKES KEMENKES SURABAYA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/jeeemi.v6i2.384

Abstract

Hepatitis C, a significant global health challenge, affects 71 million people worldwide, with severe complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite its prevalence and availability in rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), the need for accurate early detection methods remains critical. This research aims to enhance hepatitis C virus classification accuracy by integrating the C5.0 algorithm with Chi-Square feature selection, addressing the limitations of current diagnostic approaches and potentially reducing diagnostic errors. This research explores the development of a machine learning model for hepatitis C prediction, utilizing a publicly available dataset from Kaggle. It encompasses preprocessing techniques such as label encoding, handling missing values, normalization, feature selection, model development, and evaluation to ensure the model's efficacy and accuracy in diagnosing hepatitis C. The findings of this study reveal that implementing Chi-Square feature selection significantly enhances the effectiveness of machine learning algorithms. Specifically, the combination of the C5.0 algorithm and Chi-Square feature selection yielded a remarkable accuracy of 96.75%, surpassing previous research benchmarks. This highlights the potent synergy between advanced feature selection techniques and machine learning algorithms in improving diagnostic precision. The study conclusively demonstrates that machine learning is an effective tool for detecting hepatitis C, showcasing the potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy significantly. As a future recommendation, adopting AutoML is suggested to periodically automate the selection of the optimal algorithm, promising further improvements in detection capabilities.
Analysis of Differences in Image Quality and Anatomical Information of Head CT Scan Examination in Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke Cases Using Sinogram Affirmed Iterative Reconstruction (SAFIRE) Samudra, Alan; Fitriana, Lutfatul; Hidayat, Fathur Rachman; Wibowo, Kusnanto Mukti; Ariesma Githa Giovany; Caesarendra, Wahyu
Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Vol 7 No 2 (2025): April
Publisher : Department of Electromedical Engineering, POLTEKKES KEMENKES SURABAYA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/jeeemi.v7i2.629

Abstract

SAFIRE should be utilized to its full potential, as this innovative image reconstruction algorithm can significantly reduce image noise without loss of sharpness, preserving image quality and anatomical information. This is particularly important in the case of non-hemorrhagic stroke, where image noise can obscure small lesions, potentially leading to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. SAFIRE has five variations of strength, making it essential to identify the most optimal SAFIRE Strength for head CT Scan examinations in non-hemorrhagic stroke cases. The aim of this study is to determine differences in image quality and anatomical information in head CT Scan of non-hemorrhagic stroke cases using SAFIRE variations to identify the most optimal SAFIRE Strength. This experimental quantitative study involved a sample of 30 patients, with each case reconstructed using five SAFIRE Strength variations. Image quality was assessed using the IndoQCT application, while anatomical information was evaluated through the visual grading analysis method by three radiologists. Image quality data were analyzed using the Friedman statistical test, which resulted in a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating significant differences among the SAFIRE Strength variations. Similarly, anatomical information data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test, yielding a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), confirming significant differences across the variations. The results of the study showed that there are significant differences in image quality and anatomical information among the five SAFIRE Strength variations. SAFIRE Strength 3 was identified as the most optimal for head CT Scan examinations in non-hemorrhagic stroke cases, as it produces images with minimal noise and higher detail, providing clearer anatomical information compared to the other SAFIRE Strength variations.
Performance Comparison of Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) and Hierarchical Extreme Learning Machine (H-ELM) Methods for Heart Failure Classification on Clinical Health Datasets Ichwan Dwi Nugraha; Triando Hamonangan Saragih; Irwan Budiman; Dwi Kartini; Fatma Indriani; Caesarendra, Wahyu
Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics Vol 7 No 3 (2025): July
Publisher : Department of Electromedical Engineering, POLTEKKES KEMENKES SURABAYA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35882/jeeemi.v7i3.904

Abstract

Heart failure is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and requires accurate and timely diagnosis to improve patient outcomes. However, early detection remains a significant challenge due to the complexity of clinical data, high dimensionality of features, and variability in patient conditions. Traditional clinical methods often fall short in identifying subtle patterns that indicate early stages of heart failure, motivating the need for intelligent computational techniques to support diagnostic decisions. This study aims to enhance predictive modeling for heart failure classification by comparing two supervised machine learning approaches: Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) and Hierarchical Extreme Learning Machine (HELM). The main contribution of this research is the empirical evaluation of HELM's performance improvements over conventional ELM using 10-fold cross-validation on a publicly available clinical dataset. Unlike traditional neural networks, ELM offers fast training by randomly assigning weights and analytically computing output connections, while HELM extends this with a multi-layer structure that allows for more complex feature representation and improved generalization. Both models were assessed based on classification accuracy and Area Under the Curve (AUC), two critical metrics in medical classification tasks. The ELM model achieved an accuracy of 73.95% ± 8.07 and an AUC of 0.7614 ± 0.093, whereas the HELM model obtained a comparable accuracy of 73.55% ± 7.85 but with a higher AUC of 0.7776 ± 0.085. In several validation folds, HELM outperformed ELM, notably reaching 90% accuracy and 0.9250 AUC in specific cases. In conclusion, HELM demonstrates improved robustness and discriminatory capability in identifying heart failure cases. These findings suggest that HELM is a promising candidate for implementation in clinical decision support systems. Future research may incorporate feature selection, hyperparameter optimization, and evaluation across multi-center datasets to improve generalizability and real-world applicability.
Co-Authors Abdullayev, Vugar Achmad Widodo Ade Silvia Handayani Admi Syarif Agus Sudarmanto Agus Wantoro Ahmad Rofii Ahmad Taqwa Ahmed, Abdussalam Ali Alfian Ma’arif Amrinsani, Farid Anant Athavale, Vijay Andini, Dwi Yana Ayu Anita Miftahul Maghfiroh Ariesma Githa Giovany Ariswati, Her Gumiwang Aryananda, Rangga Laksana Asriyadi Asriyadi Aviv Fitria Yulia Baharsyah, Baharudin Adi Brilliant, Muhammad Zidan Busono Soerowirdjo Dewi, Deshinta Arrova Dian Setioningsih, Endang Dian Setioningsih1 Dita Musvika, Syevana Dwi Kartini Dwi Kartini, Dwi DWI RAMADHANI Dyah Titisari, Dyah Edison, Rizki Edmi Endro Yulianto Eva Yulia Puspaningrum Fadillah, Wa Ode Nurul Faikul Umam Faiza, Linda Ziyadatul Fara Disa Durry Faris, Fakhri Al Fatma Indriani Fitriana, Lutfatul Forra Wakidi, Levana Furizal, Furizal Gołdasz, Iwona Gupta, Munish Kumar Hari Soetanto Herianto Herianto Hidayat, Fathur Rachman Humairah, Sayyidah I Gede Susrama Mas Diyasa Ichwan Dwi Nugraha Ikna Awaliyani Irwan Budiman Irwan Budiman Joga Dharma Setiawan Krolczyk, Grzegorz Kusnanto Mukti Wibowo Leni Novianti Luthfiyah, Sari Maharani, Siti Mutia Mahmood, Muhammad Azim Mahmud Mahmud MAJDOUBI, Rania Mochammad Ariyanto Mochammad Denny Surindra Muhammad Abdillah Muhammad Fuad Muhammad Reza Faisal, Muhammad Reza Muliadi Nugraha, Priyambada Cahya Nurman Setiawan Nyayu Latifah Husni, Nyayu Latifah Pamanasari, Elta Diah Prakoso, Bagas Angger Pranoto, Kirana Astari Putri, Farika Radityo Adi Nugroho Rahardja, Dimas Revindra Rahman, M. Arief Ramadhan, Bahrurrizki Ramadhan, Yogi Reza REKIK, Chokri Rozaq, Hasri Akbar Awal Rudi Irawan Sagita, Muhamad Rian Samudra, Alan Saragih, Triando Hamonangan Seno Darmanto Septiani, Fahira Setiawan, Joga D Setioningsih, Endang Dian Siena, Laifansan Silvian, Fawaida Sitompul, Carlos R Sri Hastuty, Sri Sri Utami Handayani Sumarti, Heni Sumber, Sumber Suryanta, Made Dwi Pandya Suwarno, Iswanto T P, Moch Prastawa Assalim Triwiyanto , Triwiyanto Triyanna Widiyaningtyas Utomo, Bedjo V.H, Abdullayev Wahyu Dwi Lestari Wakidi, Levana Forra Wulandari, Dessy Tri YILDIZ, Oktay Zy, Ahmad Turmudi