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Reka Dewantara
Faculty Of Law Universitas Brawijaya
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Legal Reformulation of the Transfer of Rights To Guaranteed Objects Through Foreseen Collateral Yuniar, Lisa Mega; Dewantara, Reka; Jauharoh, Arini
Jurnal Ilmu Kenotariatan Vol. 6 No. 2: Nov 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Law, University of Jember, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jik.v6i2.53696

Abstract

Foreclosed Assets is one of the mechanisms used by banks in settling non-performing loans without having to go through lengthy and complicated auction procedures. Although the Foreclosed Assets mechanism has been regulated under Article 12A of Law No. 4 of 2023 on Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector, in practice—particularly in the context of bankruptcy—there remains legal uncertainty. This is due to inconsistent regulations between the Mortgage Law, the Banking Law, and Supreme Court Circular No. 3 of 2023. This research aims to analyze the Foreclosed Assets mechanism juridically within the context of bankruptcy and to formulate a reformulation of legal arrangements concerning the transfer of rights over collateral objects through the Foreclosed Assets mechanism to ensure legal certainty. This study employs a normative juridical method using statute and conceptual approaches. The results of this study show that the implementation of Foreclosed Assets, both through auction and outside auction, has different legal consequences. Foreclosed Assets conducted through auction has a sufficiently strong legal basis, while Foreclosed Assets conducted outside auction—which generally uses Sale and Purchase Agreement and Power of Attorney to Sell—still presents legal uncertainty. This is due to the absence of technical regulations specifically governing the procedures and forms of documents in the implementation of Foreclosed Assets outside auction. Furthermore, the use of PPJB as the legal basis for the transfer of rights in Foreclosed Assets practice has the potential to conflict with the pactum commissorium principle as regulated in the Mortgage Law. This reformulation is essential to clarify the legal position of banks over acquired collateral as well as to uniformly regulate valid legal document formats in the Foreclosed Assets mechanism, thereby providing legal certainty for banks, debtors, notaries, receivers, and other related parties.
CONCRETISATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF SUSTAINABLE FINANCE IN THE BANKING SECTOR LEGISLATION IN INDONESIA: LON FULLER EIGHT DESIDERATA APPROACH Dewantara, Reka; Agatha, Bimarceline
Veritas et Justitia Vol. 5 No. 2 (2019): Veritas et Justitia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25123/vej.v5i2.3626

Abstract

This article aims is to explores an issue where  Sustainable finance itself is a form of embodiment in Article 33 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia that the national economy is organized based on several principles, one of which is sustainable principles by maintaining a balance and unity of the national economy. Thus Article 33 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is a juridical basis of sustainable finance that promotes a sustainable financial system. The research methodology was an integration of empirical juridical research methods and interpretation of the normative method results. The results indicated that with the involvement of banks in implementing sustainable finance, banks must be selective in granting credit to debtors by setting conditions that are following bank policies. Because basically, sustainable finance activities do not harm the community, it creates justice for the community based on the constitutional rights of citizens to get a decent life. In the concept of sustainable finance, economic sustainability includes several criteria in carrying out credit risk analysis, including sustainability of resources, the sustainability of results and sustainability of the business.
RE-EVALUASI PENDIRIAN BANK DIGITAL DI INDONESIA: PARADIGMA, KONSEP DAN REGULASI Dewantara, Reka; Sitorus, Hany Ayunda Mernisi
Veritas et Justitia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): Veritas et Justitia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25123/vej.v8i2.5433

Abstract

The Financial Services Authority, anticipating the movement towards digital (bank 5.0), issued Regulation no. 12/POJK.03/2021 concerning Commercial Banks. However, its coverage is limited. It covers only rules on how to establish and manage digital branches of existing banks. Not yet available are special arrangements for the establishment of digital commercial banks or neo-banks. This paper discusses the possibility of establishing digital banks in Indonesia. By perusing the prevailing laws and regulations, and re-evaluate what exist, the author reached the conclusion that the Bank Law should be changed to accommodate this new trend. The prevailing OJK regulation apparently does not suffice as the legal basis for the establishment and operation of digital system of the Bank-Ied model, the Telco-Ied Model or the Hybrid Model, or neo-bank. In addition, adequate arrangements are needed regarding online dispute resolution, and imposition of sanctions.
Disharmony in the Establishment of the Merah Putih Village Cooperative from the Perspective of Cooperative Principles Mardiana, Yusni Fitri; Dewantara, Reka; Wisnuwardhani, Diah Aju
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v6i2.1310

Abstract

The process of establishing the Merah Putih Village Cooperative, carried out through village government policy, raised normative issues, especially regarding the fulfillment of the principle of voluntary membership as stipulated in Law Number 25 of 1992 concerning Cooperatives. This study aims to examine the alignment between the cooperative establishment model influenced by government policy intervention and the principle of free will in the legal act of establishing a cooperative. The approach used is normative legal research based on legislation analysis, legal concepts, and historical perspectives to examine the normative structure related to principles in the process of establishing cooperatives at the village level. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the proper application of legal principles, ensuring that the establishment of cooperatives is legally legitimate in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.
INSOLVENCY WITHOUT BANKRUPTCY: Rethinking The Dissolution of Viable State-Owned Banks Dewantara, Reka; Parikesit, I Gusti Ngurah
Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum dan Syariah Vol 16, No 2 (2025): Jurisdictie
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j.v16i2.36034

Abstract

This article examines the normative inconsistency between the Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations Law (UUK–PKPU) and the Company Law (UU PT), which creates a risk of premature dissolution of state-owned banks that are still economically viable. The study aims to conduct an epistemological and normative analysis of the bankruptcy regime applicable to state-owned banks in Indonesia by examining insolvency tests through a comparative law perspective and elaborating the concept of epistemic failure within the framework of Lon Fuller’s legal philosophy. This research employs a normative juridical method, using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Legal norms and principles are analysed through hermeneutic interpretation to assess their coherence and practical implications. The findings reveal that Indonesia’s current bankruptcy framework fails to distinguish clearly, both conceptually and operationally, between balance-sheet insolvency and cash-flow insolvency. As a result, banks experiencing temporary liquidity problems may be treated as insolvent, leading to premature liquidation despite their underlying economic soundness. This condition highlights a significant normative inconsistency between the UUK–PKPU and the Company Law. Furthermore, Indonesian bankruptcy law remains predominantly liquidation-oriented and relies heavily on procedural formalism. This approach contrasts with the legal frameworks of the European Union and common law jurisdictions, which prioritise rescue and rehabilitation mechanisms as primary responses to financial distress. Accordingly, this article strengthens the argument for regulatory harmonisation and advocates the adoption of a dual insolvency test, as well as the institutionalisation of rescue and rehabilitation mechanisms as mandatory priorities before liquidation in Indonesia’s bankruptcy law. Artikel ini menganalisis adannya inkonsistensi normatif antara Undang-Undang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang (UUK-PKPU) dan Undang-Undang Perseroan Terbatas (UU PT) yang berpotensi menimbulkan pembubaran prematur bank yang secara ekonomi masih layak. Tujuan penelitian adalah melakukan pendekatan epistemologis dan normatif terhadap regulasi kepailitan Bank BUMN di Indonesia, melalui analisis uji insolvabilitas dengan pendekatan hukum perbandingan, serta memperdalam konsep epistemic failure menggunakan kerangka filosofi hukum Lon Fuller. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan komparatif, di mana norma dan prinsip hukum dianalisis melalui metode interpretasi hermeneutik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerangka regulasi kepailitan di Indonesia saat ini gagal membedakan secara konseptual dan operasional antara insolvabilitas neraca dan insolvabilitas arus kas. Kegagalan tersebut mengakibatkan pembubaran prematur terhadap bank-bank BUMN yang sejatinya masih sehat secara ekonomi, serta mempertegas inkonsistensi normatif antara UUK-PKPU dan UU PT. Hukum kepailitan Indonesia masih berorientasi pada likuidasi berbasis formalitas procedural, berbeda dengan pendekatan Uni Eropa dan negara-negara common law yang menempatkan mekanisme penyelamatan dan rehabilitasi sebagai respons utama terhadap kesulitan likuiditas. Artikel ini berkontribusi pada penguatan argumentasi perlunya harmonisasi regulasi dan adopsi dual insolvency test untuk membedakan kesulitan likuiditas dari insolvabilitas struktural, serta guna melembagakan mekanisme penyelamatan dan jalur rehabilitasi sebagai prioritas sebelum likuidasi dalam hukum kepailitan di Indonesia.
Reformulation of Regulation Concerning Share Ownership in Regional Development Banks by Regional Governments of Indonesia Nufitasari, Dien; Dewantara, Reka
Yuridika Vol. 36 No. 3 (2021): Volume 36 No 3 September 2021
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (345.788 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/ydk.v36i3.26551

Abstract

Regional development banks (BPDs) are a realisation of regional governments' commitment to carry out the objectives of the Banking Law to improve the area. BPDs have an important role in moving the regional economies, but regulatory obstacles arise when norms conflict in terms of regulating share ownership by regions. Therefore, synchronisation is needed to realise legal certainty. This article aims to suggest reformulations to the regulation of share ownership of BPDs to give legal certainty. The article adopts a normative juridical law research method with statutory, conceptual and analytical approaches. The results of the study indicate there are inconsistencies in the provisions governing the share ownership of BPDs. There are juridical implications for the emergence of rights, obligations and legal relations due to inconsistent arrangements. Regulatory reformulation of BPD share ownership by regional governments should be carried out by adopting the concept of norms, resulting in consistent regulation.
THE ROLE OF JUDGES IN ADJUDICATING DEFAULT CASES CONTAINING ELEMENTS OF ABUSE OF CIRCUMSTANCES IN THE BANKING SECTOR Wandita Pramesthi; Reka Dewantara; Yenny Eta Widyanti
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i3.2867

Abstract

In the Indonesian civil law system, the role of judges is crucial in adjudicating cases involving contractual legal relationships, particularly in banking default cases. Injustice often arises from the abuse of circumstances, where debtors who are in a weak position are often victims of adverse bank policies. Additionally, high interest rates and oppressive contractual clauses pose significant challenges for judges. This research shows that disparities exist in court decisions on abuse of circumstances, creating legal uncertainty. Using a normative juridical approach, this research examines the need for clear legal guidelines from the Supreme Court to establish uniformity in the handling of default cases. Stronger regulations are expected to ensure that judges make more judicious decisions and uphold justice for all parties. This research emphasises the importance of applying the principle of fairness in contracts, so that freedom of contract does not neglect the rights of weaker parties.
EXPLORING LEGAL CHALLENGES IN MURABAHAH FINANCING: A JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF WANPRESTASI DISPUTES IN CONSUMER LOANS Fahri Gunawan Siagian; Reka Dewantara; Natsir Asnawi
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i4.3474

Abstract

This study examines the wanprestasi dispute between PT. Bank Syariah Indonesia, Tbk and a debtor concerning a murabahah financing agreement. The Makassar Religious Court's decision upheld the enforceability of the murabahah contract and collateral under Hak Tanggungan but dismissed the debtor’s financial hardship claim due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study highlights gaps in debtor protection and the need for clearer procedural guidelines on collateral execution, proposing improvements for aligning Sharia principles with practical dispute resolution in Indonesia’s growing sharia finance sector.
LEGAL IMPLICATIONS OF REGULATIONS CONCERNING LEGAL LIABILITY OF DIRECTORS OF STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES FOLLOWING THE THIRD AMENDMENT TO LAW NUMBER 19 OF 2003 CONCERNING STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES Shafira Sheffy R. R; Reka Dewantara; Amelia Sri Kusuma Dewi
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i5.4297

Abstract

The third amendment to Law Number 19 of 2003 concerning State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) is a response to the need to strengthen state corporate governance and increase the effectiveness of SOEs' role in the national economy. However, this regulatory change also has legal implications for the construction of the legal accountability of SOE directors, particularly in their position as state corporate organs that carry out fiduciary duties but still face the regime of state financial law and criminal law. This study aims to analyse how these regulatory changes affect the limits of directors' responsibility in making business decisions, as well as assess the relevance of applying the business judgment rule principle as an instrument of legal protection for directors. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a case approach. The results show that although the legal changes provide reinforcement to the principles of professionalism and independence of directors, there is still a disharmony of norms between the corporate legal regime and the state administrative law regime and criminal law, particularly regarding the interpretation of the element of "state loss" in corruption crimes. This condition has the potential to create legal uncertainty and over-criminalization of directors' business decisions made in good faith. Therefore, a reconstruction of the legal framework governing SOE directors’ accountability is required through legislative harmonization and law enforcement guidelines that consistently position SOEs as private legal entities in their business activities.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR BANKS AGAINST NON-CERTIFIED LAND COLLATERAL Dina Mardiana; Yenny Eta Widyanti; Reka Dewantara
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i6.4963

Abstract

This study examines legal protection for banks in facing bad loans with non-certificate land as collateral, particularly in the context of distributing Working Capital Credit (KMK) to MSMEs. In banking practice, non-certificate land such as girik, petok D, or segel is still widely used as collateral even though it does not meet the formal requirements as an object of Mortgage Rights as regulated in Law Number 4 of 1996. This condition creates vulnerability for banks as creditors, because non-certificate land documents only function as proof of control, not proof of rights, so they do not have executorial power. This study uses a normative juridical method with a statutory and conceptual approach to examine the gap between positive law and banking practice. The results show that preventive legal protection for banks is reflected in the provisions on collateral assessment, the bank's obligation to apply the principle of prudence, and the bank's internal regulations regarding credit risk mitigation. Repressive legal protection is realized through legal remedies that can be taken if the debtor defaults, including through simple lawsuits, risk transfer through debt acknowledgment agreements, and civil execution based on debt-receivable relationships. This study also formulates a conceptualization of dispute resolution that includes mediation, credit restructuring, and litigation as a last resort. The results of this study confirm that the use of non-certificate collateral requires strengthened regulations and harmonization between agrarian and banking law to ensure legal certainty and protection for creditors.
Co-Authors Abdul Rachmad Budiono Adi Kusumaningrum Agatha, Bimarceline Airin Liemanto Amelia Sri Kusuma Dewi, Amelia Amimakmur, Satria Amiputra Anestu Cahayoni Rahayu, Anestu Cahayoni Annisa, Yusifa Nur Ariyanto Soewondo Geni Ayu, Tirsa Berliana, Dina Budi Santoso Devi Atikawati Diah Aju Isnuwardhani Dien Nufitasari Dien Nufitasari Dina Mardiana Djajadikerta, Hadrian Geri Dyah Aju Wisnuwardhani Erma Defiana Putriyanti Fadli, Moh. Fahri Gunawan Siagian Fahrul Ramadan Fahrul Ramadan Faizin Sulistio Fines Fatimah Hanif Nur Widhiyanti Hendry Tholabah Ilman Naif Hero Samudra Hutahayan, Benny I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit, I Gusti Ngurah Ikaningtyas Ikaningtyas Jauharoh, Arini M. Sudirman Mahandhani Wahyu Ibrahim Mardiana, Yusni Fitri Meidiana Indah Lestari Mochamad Ilham Fatahillah Mohamad Fajri Mekka Putra Muchammad Aqib Junaidi Muhammad Alfan Thoriq Muhammad Fajaruddin Shiroth Mukhamad Khabib Risvian Mutiarawati, Intan Nadya Rizki Emeralda Nanin Koeswidi Astuti, Nanin Koeswidi Natsir Asnawi Nufitasari, Dien Nugroho, Hayyu Rahmanda Adi Nur Chanifah Nurfitriyani Nurfitriyani Nurul Ula Ulya Nurul Ula Ulya Pandansari, Rekyan Patricia Audrey Ruslijanto Putri, Cyndiarnis Cahyaning Ramadhani, Rona Almas Ranitya Ganindha raodiah Rekyan Pandansari Rika Kurniaty Rumi Suwardiyati Santoso, Budi Santoso, Ike Cyntia Putri Septianes Nora Kartika Setiawan Wicaksono, Setiawan Shafira Sheffy R. R Shinta Hadiyantina Sihabuddin Sihabudin Sihabudin Sihabudin Sihabudin Sihabudin Sihabudin, Sihabudin Siti Hamidah Sitorus, Hany Ayunda Mernisi Sukarmi Sukarmi Sukarmi Sukarmi Sukarmi Sukarmi, Sukarmi Sukarmi, Sukarmi Syafi’i, R. Imam Rahmat Tanti Rachmawati Tobing, Dwinoven Lumban Tumanggor, Manumpan S. Wandita Pramesthi Widhiawati, Dyah Wisnuwardhani, Diah Aju Yenny Eta Widyanti Yuniar, Lisa Mega Zita Humairoh Zora Febriena Dwithia Hidayat Putri