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Legal Protection for Customers Related to the Minimum Transaction Limit for Gold Bullion Business Santoso, Ike Cyntia Putri; Dewantara, Reka; Widhiawati, Dyah
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v6i2.1156

Abstract

Gold is currently considered a profitable investment asset, and Indonesia is one of the countries with high gold production, contributing 4.15% of the world's gold supply. The government has responded to this potential by establishing bullion businesses as regulated in Law No. 4 of 2023 on the Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector and Financial Services Authority (OJK) Regulation No. 17 of 2024 on the Implementation of Bullion Business Activities. However, a legal issue has arisen in the form of a legal vacuum (rechtvacuum) regarding the minimum transaction threshold for gold in Gold Financing activities, which, according to Article 9(2) of the aforementioned POJK, is set at a minimum of 500 grams for the first transaction. This provision is deemed to not reflect proportional justice and hinder the principle of public benefit. This study employs a normative legal method with a legislative and conceptual approach to examine and formulate a more fair and beneficial minimum threshold for gold transactions, as well as address two research questions: (1) how the minimum threshold for gold transactions in bullion business activities is regulated based on POJK No. 17 of 2024, and (2) how legal protection for customers related to this provision is reviewed from the perspective of the Theory of Proportional Justice
Legal Reformulation of the Transfer of Rights To Guaranteed Objects Through Foreseen Collateral Yuniar, Lisa Mega; Dewantara, Reka; Jauharoh, Arini
Jurnal Ilmu Kenotariatan Vol. 6 No. 2: Nov 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Law, University of Jember, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jik.v6i2.53696

Abstract

Foreclosed Assets is one of the mechanisms used by banks in settling non-performing loans without having to go through lengthy and complicated auction procedures. Although the Foreclosed Assets mechanism has been regulated under Article 12A of Law No. 4 of 2023 on Development and Strengthening of the Financial Sector, in practice—particularly in the context of bankruptcy—there remains legal uncertainty. This is due to inconsistent regulations between the Mortgage Law, the Banking Law, and Supreme Court Circular No. 3 of 2023. This research aims to analyze the Foreclosed Assets mechanism juridically within the context of bankruptcy and to formulate a reformulation of legal arrangements concerning the transfer of rights over collateral objects through the Foreclosed Assets mechanism to ensure legal certainty. This study employs a normative juridical method using statute and conceptual approaches. The results of this study show that the implementation of Foreclosed Assets, both through auction and outside auction, has different legal consequences. Foreclosed Assets conducted through auction has a sufficiently strong legal basis, while Foreclosed Assets conducted outside auction—which generally uses Sale and Purchase Agreement and Power of Attorney to Sell—still presents legal uncertainty. This is due to the absence of technical regulations specifically governing the procedures and forms of documents in the implementation of Foreclosed Assets outside auction. Furthermore, the use of PPJB as the legal basis for the transfer of rights in Foreclosed Assets practice has the potential to conflict with the pactum commissorium principle as regulated in the Mortgage Law. This reformulation is essential to clarify the legal position of banks over acquired collateral as well as to uniformly regulate valid legal document formats in the Foreclosed Assets mechanism, thereby providing legal certainty for banks, debtors, notaries, receivers, and other related parties.
CONCRETISATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF SUSTAINABLE FINANCE IN THE BANKING SECTOR LEGISLATION IN INDONESIA: LON FULLER EIGHT DESIDERATA APPROACH Dewantara, Reka; Agatha, Bimarceline
Veritas et Justitia Vol. 5 No. 2 (2019): Veritas et Justitia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25123/vej.v5i2.3626

Abstract

This article aims is to explores an issue where  Sustainable finance itself is a form of embodiment in Article 33 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia that the national economy is organized based on several principles, one of which is sustainable principles by maintaining a balance and unity of the national economy. Thus Article 33 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is a juridical basis of sustainable finance that promotes a sustainable financial system. The research methodology was an integration of empirical juridical research methods and interpretation of the normative method results. The results indicated that with the involvement of banks in implementing sustainable finance, banks must be selective in granting credit to debtors by setting conditions that are following bank policies. Because basically, sustainable finance activities do not harm the community, it creates justice for the community based on the constitutional rights of citizens to get a decent life. In the concept of sustainable finance, economic sustainability includes several criteria in carrying out credit risk analysis, including sustainability of resources, the sustainability of results and sustainability of the business.
RE-EVALUASI PENDIRIAN BANK DIGITAL DI INDONESIA: PARADIGMA, KONSEP DAN REGULASI Dewantara, Reka; Sitorus, Hany Ayunda Mernisi
Veritas et Justitia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): Veritas et Justitia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25123/vej.v8i2.5433

Abstract

The Financial Services Authority, anticipating the movement towards digital (bank 5.0), issued Regulation no. 12/POJK.03/2021 concerning Commercial Banks. However, its coverage is limited. It covers only rules on how to establish and manage digital branches of existing banks. Not yet available are special arrangements for the establishment of digital commercial banks or neo-banks. This paper discusses the possibility of establishing digital banks in Indonesia. By perusing the prevailing laws and regulations, and re-evaluate what exist, the author reached the conclusion that the Bank Law should be changed to accommodate this new trend. The prevailing OJK regulation apparently does not suffice as the legal basis for the establishment and operation of digital system of the Bank-Ied model, the Telco-Ied Model or the Hybrid Model, or neo-bank. In addition, adequate arrangements are needed regarding online dispute resolution, and imposition of sanctions.
Halal Certification of Cryptocurrency: A Framework for Strengthening Trust in Shariah-Compliant Digital Finance Junaidi, Muchammad Aqib; Dewantara, Reka; Chanifah, Nur
International Journal of Social Science and Religion (IJSSR) 2025: Volume 6 Issue 3
Publisher : Indonesian Academy of Social and Religious Research (IASRR)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53639/ijssr.v6i3.382

Abstract

Cryptocurrency has emerged as a significant global innovation that continues to stimulate debates regarding its permissibility within the framework of Islamic finance. This study examines Islamic legal perspectives on cryptocurrency by analyzing contemporary fatwas, academic discussions, and authoritative literature in the fields of ushul fiqh and Islamic economics. Using a qualitative descriptive method, the research identifies key legal considerations such as the presence of gharar, maysir, and riba, which determine the Shariah status of digital assets. The findings reveal that, in principle, cryptocurrency may be considered halal as a digital asset when it has straightforward utility, is transparent, and used for lawful economic activities. Several scholars view cryptocurrency as permissible when supported by reliable technology, adequate regulatory structures, and mechanisms that prevent fraud and speculation. Conversely, other scholars classify it as haram due to its extreme price volatility, speculative trading practices, lack of tangible underlying value, and inadequate regulatory oversight in many jurisdictions. To bridge these differing views, the study proposes developing Shariah-based assessment frameworks and halal certification mechanisms to provide greater legal clarity for Muslim investors. Furthermore, it underscores the urgent need for stronger regulatory policies and the advancement of Shariah-compliant blockchain systems that ensure ethical, transparent, and stable digital financial transactions.
Harmonisasi Pengaturan Penilaian Pajak Sektor Pedesaan dan Perkotaan Naif, Hendry Tholabah Ilman; Dewantara, Reka; Hadiyantina, Shinta
IBLAM LAW REVIEW Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): IBLAM LAW REVIEW
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (LPPM IBLAM)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52249/ilr.v6i1.666

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji disharmoni regulasi dalam pengaturan penilaian Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan Perdesaan dan Perkotaan (PBB-P2) pasca berlakunya Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2022 tentang Hubungan Keuangan antara Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintahan Daerah (UU HKPD). UU HKPD memberikan kewenangan penuh kepada pemerintah daerah dalam pengelolaan PBB-P2, yang menandai perubahan signifikan dari sistem sebelumnya yang merujuk pada Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 186/PMK.03/2019. Meskipun PMK 186/2019 masih berlaku, substansinya hanya mengatur sektor PBB selain PBB-P2, sehingga menimbulkan potensi disharmonisasi norma, khususnya terkait kewenangan penilaian dan metodologi penetapan Nilai Jual Objek Pajak (NJOP). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, melalui kajian terhadap peraturan, doktrin, dan literatur ilmiah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa UU HKPD dan PMK 186/2019 belum mengatur secara komprehensif mengenai kedudukan hukum, kompetensi, dan independensi penilai pajak pada sektor PBB-P2. PMK 186/2019 masih menempatkan penilai sebagai aparatur administratif, sementara UU HKPD menuntut profesionalisme tanpa mekanisme pelaksana yang jelas. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan harmonisasi regulasi melalui revisi PMK 186/2019 atau pembentukan regulasi turunan baru guna menjamin kepastian hukum dan meningkatkan kualitas penilaian PBB-P2 di daerah.
Disharmony in the Establishment of the Merah Putih Village Cooperative from the Perspective of Cooperative Principles Mardiana, Yusni Fitri; Dewantara, Reka; Wisnuwardhani, Diah Aju
International Journal of Business, Law, and Education Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): International Journal of Business, Law, and Education
Publisher : IJBLE Scientific Publications Community Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56442/ijble.v6i2.1310

Abstract

The process of establishing the Merah Putih Village Cooperative, carried out through village government policy, raised normative issues, especially regarding the fulfillment of the principle of voluntary membership as stipulated in Law Number 25 of 1992 concerning Cooperatives. This study aims to examine the alignment between the cooperative establishment model influenced by government policy intervention and the principle of free will in the legal act of establishing a cooperative. The approach used is normative legal research based on legislation analysis, legal concepts, and historical perspectives to examine the normative structure related to principles in the process of establishing cooperatives at the village level. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the proper application of legal principles, ensuring that the establishment of cooperatives is legally legitimate in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.
INSOLVENCY WITHOUT BANKRUPTCY: Rethinking The Dissolution of Viable State-Owned Banks Dewantara, Reka; Parikesit, I Gusti Ngurah
Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum dan Syariah Vol 16, No 2 (2025): Jurisdictie
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j.v16i2.36034

Abstract

This article examines the normative inconsistency between the Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations Law (UUK–PKPU) and the Company Law (UU PT), which creates a risk of premature dissolution of state-owned banks that are still economically viable. The study aims to conduct an epistemological and normative analysis of the bankruptcy regime applicable to state-owned banks in Indonesia by examining insolvency tests through a comparative law perspective and elaborating the concept of epistemic failure within the framework of Lon Fuller’s legal philosophy. This research employs a normative juridical method, using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Legal norms and principles are analysed through hermeneutic interpretation to assess their coherence and practical implications. The findings reveal that Indonesia’s current bankruptcy framework fails to distinguish clearly, both conceptually and operationally, between balance-sheet insolvency and cash-flow insolvency. As a result, banks experiencing temporary liquidity problems may be treated as insolvent, leading to premature liquidation despite their underlying economic soundness. This condition highlights a significant normative inconsistency between the UUK–PKPU and the Company Law. Furthermore, Indonesian bankruptcy law remains predominantly liquidation-oriented and relies heavily on procedural formalism. This approach contrasts with the legal frameworks of the European Union and common law jurisdictions, which prioritise rescue and rehabilitation mechanisms as primary responses to financial distress. Accordingly, this article strengthens the argument for regulatory harmonisation and advocates the adoption of a dual insolvency test, as well as the institutionalisation of rescue and rehabilitation mechanisms as mandatory priorities before liquidation in Indonesia’s bankruptcy law. Artikel ini menganalisis adannya inkonsistensi normatif antara Undang-Undang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang (UUK-PKPU) dan Undang-Undang Perseroan Terbatas (UU PT) yang berpotensi menimbulkan pembubaran prematur bank yang secara ekonomi masih layak. Tujuan penelitian adalah melakukan pendekatan epistemologis dan normatif terhadap regulasi kepailitan Bank BUMN di Indonesia, melalui analisis uji insolvabilitas dengan pendekatan hukum perbandingan, serta memperdalam konsep epistemic failure menggunakan kerangka filosofi hukum Lon Fuller. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan komparatif, di mana norma dan prinsip hukum dianalisis melalui metode interpretasi hermeneutik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerangka regulasi kepailitan di Indonesia saat ini gagal membedakan secara konseptual dan operasional antara insolvabilitas neraca dan insolvabilitas arus kas. Kegagalan tersebut mengakibatkan pembubaran prematur terhadap bank-bank BUMN yang sejatinya masih sehat secara ekonomi, serta mempertegas inkonsistensi normatif antara UUK-PKPU dan UU PT. Hukum kepailitan Indonesia masih berorientasi pada likuidasi berbasis formalitas procedural, berbeda dengan pendekatan Uni Eropa dan negara-negara common law yang menempatkan mekanisme penyelamatan dan rehabilitasi sebagai respons utama terhadap kesulitan likuiditas. Artikel ini berkontribusi pada penguatan argumentasi perlunya harmonisasi regulasi dan adopsi dual insolvency test untuk membedakan kesulitan likuiditas dari insolvabilitas struktural, serta guna melembagakan mekanisme penyelamatan dan jalur rehabilitasi sebagai prioritas sebelum likuidasi dalam hukum kepailitan di Indonesia.
Reformulation of Regulation Concerning Share Ownership in Regional Development Banks by Regional Governments of Indonesia Nufitasari, Dien; Dewantara, Reka
Yuridika Vol. 36 No. 3 (2021): Volume 36 No 3 September 2021
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (345.788 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/ydk.v36i3.26551

Abstract

Regional development banks (BPDs) are a realisation of regional governments' commitment to carry out the objectives of the Banking Law to improve the area. BPDs have an important role in moving the regional economies, but regulatory obstacles arise when norms conflict in terms of regulating share ownership by regions. Therefore, synchronisation is needed to realise legal certainty. This article aims to suggest reformulations to the regulation of share ownership of BPDs to give legal certainty. The article adopts a normative juridical law research method with statutory, conceptual and analytical approaches. The results of the study indicate there are inconsistencies in the provisions governing the share ownership of BPDs. There are juridical implications for the emergence of rights, obligations and legal relations due to inconsistent arrangements. Regulatory reformulation of BPD share ownership by regional governments should be carried out by adopting the concept of norms, resulting in consistent regulation.
THE ROLE OF JUDGES IN ADJUDICATING DEFAULT CASES CONTAINING ELEMENTS OF ABUSE OF CIRCUMSTANCES IN THE BANKING SECTOR Wandita Pramesthi; Reka Dewantara; Yenny Eta Widyanti
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : CV. RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i3.2867

Abstract

In the Indonesian civil law system, the role of judges is crucial in adjudicating cases involving contractual legal relationships, particularly in banking default cases. Injustice often arises from the abuse of circumstances, where debtors who are in a weak position are often victims of adverse bank policies. Additionally, high interest rates and oppressive contractual clauses pose significant challenges for judges. This research shows that disparities exist in court decisions on abuse of circumstances, creating legal uncertainty. Using a normative juridical approach, this research examines the need for clear legal guidelines from the Supreme Court to establish uniformity in the handling of default cases. Stronger regulations are expected to ensure that judges make more judicious decisions and uphold justice for all parties. This research emphasises the importance of applying the principle of fairness in contracts, so that freedom of contract does not neglect the rights of weaker parties.
Co-Authors Abdul Rachmad Budiono Agatha, Bimarceline Airin Liemanto Amelia Sri Kusuma Dewi, Amelia Amimakmur, Satria Amiputra Anestu Cahayoni Rahayu, Anestu Cahayoni Annisa, Yusifa Nur Ayu, Tirsa Berliana, Dina Budi Santoso Devi Atikawati Diah Aju Isnuwardhani Dien Nufitasari Dien Nufitasari Dina Mardiana Djajadikerta, Hadrian Geri Dyah Aju Wisnuwardhani Erma Defiana Putriyanti Fadli, Moh. Fahri Gunawan Siagian Fahrul Ramadan Fahrul Ramadan Faizin Sulistio Fines Fatimah Hanif Nur Widhiyanti Hutahayan, Benny I Gusti Ngurah Parikesit, I Gusti Ngurah Ikaningtyas Ikaningtyas Jauharoh, Arini Junaidi, Muchammad Aqib M. Sudirman Mahandhani Wahyu Ibrahim Mardiana, Yusni Fitri Meidiana Indah Lestari Mohamad Fajri Mekka Putra Muhammad Alfan Thoriq Muhammad Fajaruddin Shiroth Mukhamad Khabib Risvian Mutiarawati, Intan Nadya Rizki Emeralda Naif, Hendry Tholabah Ilman Nanin Koeswidi Astuti, Nanin Koeswidi Natsir Asnawi Nufitasari, Dien Nugroho, Hayyu Rahmanda Adi Nur Chanifah Nurfitriyani Nurfitriyani Nurul Ula Ulya Nurul Ula Ulya Pandansari, Rekyan Patricia Audrey Ruslijanto Putri, Cyndiarnis Cahyaning Rachmat, Sigit Nur Ramadhani, Rona Almas Ranitya Ganindha raodiah Rekyan Pandansari Rika Kurniaty Rumi Suwardiyati Santoso, Ike Cyntia Putri Septianes Nora Kartika Setiawan Wicaksono, Setiawan Shafira Sheffy R. R Shinta Hadiyantina Sihabuddin Sihabudin Sihabudin Sihabudin Sihabudin Sihabudin Sihabudin, Sihabudin Siti Hamidah Sitorus, Hany Ayunda Mernisi Sukarmi Sukarmi Sukarmi Sukarmi Sukarmi Sukarmi, Sukarmi Sukarmi, Sukarmi Syafi’i, R. Imam Rahmat Tanti Rachmawati Tobing, Dwinoven Lumban Tumanggor, Manumpan S. Wandita Pramesthi Widhiawati, Dyah Wisnuwardhani, Diah Aju Yenny Eta Widyanti Yuniar, Lisa Mega Zita Humairoh Zora Febriena Dwithia Hidayat Putri