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Frets Jonas Rieuwpassa
Politeknik Negeri Nusa Utara
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GC-MS and ADMET Profiling of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza Mangrove Leaf Extract Origin Sulawesi with Antioxidant Properties Tanod, Wendy Alexander; Dewanto, Didit Kustantio; Cahyono, Eko; Rieuwpassa, Frets Jonas; Ansar, Novalina Maya Sari; Sambeka, Yana; Ijong, Frans Gruber; Mandeno, Jefri Anthonius; Pumpente, Obyn Imhart; Triyastuti, Meilya Suzan
JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia) Vol 10, No 1 (2025): JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia)
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Kimia FKIP Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jkpk.v10i1.100362

Abstract

Mangrove plants, particularly Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, are recognized as sources of bioactive compounds. This study analyzed the chemical profiles, safety, and antioxidant activity of B. gymnorrhiza leaf extract origin Sulawesi, a biodiversity-rich Wallacean region. Research on B. gymnorrhiza leaves from Sulawesi remains scarce. GC-MS analysis identified inositol, fatty acid, ester, and terpenoid derivatives as major chemical profiles related to stress tolerance and remedial properties. ADMET predictions showed good intestinal absorption but suggested potential hepatotoxicity at high doses. Brine shrimp lethality tests revealed low acute toxicity with an LD₅₀ of 873.381 µg/mL, supporting in silico findings. The extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ 49.78 µg/mL), comparable to Vitamin E, and higher than reports from other regions. These results indicate that Sulawesi mangroves store valuable chemical compounds and serve as environmental health indicators. Combining chemical profiling, computational prediction, and experimental validation highlights their pharmaceutical potential while emphasizing the need for careful dose optimization and ecological monitoring. This study reinforces the importance of conserving Wallacean biodiversity and offers a foundation for safe, natural antioxidant commercialization. Future work should assess in vivo effectiveness, long-term toxicity, and the ecological impacts of pollutant immobilization in mangrove ecosystems.
Co-Authors AA Sudharmawan, AA Alfira Opinri Sehangunaung Anggraini Barlian Aprelia M. Tomasoa Aprelia M. Tomasoa Aprelia Martina Tomasoa Aprelia Martina Tomasoa, Aprelia Martina Aprelia Tomasoa Ashara Insavila Achmad Azhari, Deidy Balansa, Walter Biahimo, Syahputra Cahyani, Reni Tri Cahyono, Eko Christian A. Manansang Devitha Cindy Lasaru Dewanto, Didit Kustantio Dewanto, Didit Kustantio Edward Irsan L. Ferre EKO CAHYONO Eko Cahyono, Eko Ely John Karimela Eunike Irene Kumaseh Fitria F. Lungary Frans Gruber Ijong Gaiska Faradila Patras Herjumes Aatjin Ida Ayu Putu Sri Widnyani If'all, If'all Imra Imra Indra Wibowo Irna Yanti Dalawir Jaka F.P. Palawe Jaka Frianto Putra Palawe Jefri Antonius Mandeno Jimi Palawe Joko Santoso Kendek, Tasya Jenifel Kundiman, Gita Artika Putri La Ode Huli Laode Muhamad Hazairin Nadia Lawendatu, Angryani Enjel Maalua, Sheyla Mahihody, Astri Mahihody, Astri Juwita Makisake, Nadia Arlina Maliode, Yunita Isabela Mandeno, Jefri Anthonius Mandiangan, Meyrijean Marnens Ch. Karaeng Marnens Christianto Karaeng Meilya Suzan Triyastuti, Meilya Suzan Meityn Disye Kasaluhe Melongkade, Regina Juliana Natalia Prodiana Setiawati Novalina M. Ansar Novalina Maya Sari Ansar Novelia Tatinting Nurhikma Nurhikma Nyctagina Mandahari Obyn I. Pumpente Obyn Imhart Pumpente Pumpente, Obyn Revolson Mege Rolando Pangumpia Rorong, Miranda Sahdan Patras Serfiyanti Sirih Siegfried Berhimpon Somba, Vira Valentine Stefiani Nofrida Asare Stevy I. M. Wodi Stevy Imelda Murniati Wodi Steward I. Makawekes Takasihaeng, Septania Tampany, Ighen Tampi, Regina Romalya Meilan Tengkue, Fiorenza Puspa Indah Tengkue, Florenza Puspa Indah Tinungki, Maria Notosori Trivonia Kerol Talete Usy N. Manurung Walter Balansa Walter Balansa Waode Nilda Arifiana Effendy Wendy Alexander Tanod Wini - Trilaksani Wodi, Stevy Imelda Murniati Wulandari Wulandari Yana Sambeka