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ARTIKEL REVIEW : BAKTERI NITRITASI DAN PERANANNYA DALAM KEBERADAAN NITRIT PADA SARANG BURUNG WALET Widiyani, Platika; Latif, Hadri; Lukman, Denny W.; Sudarwanto, Mirnawati B.
JURNAL KAJIAN VETERINER Vol 9 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Kajian Veteriner
Publisher : FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN HEWAN UNIVERSITAS NUSA CENDANA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jkv.v9i2.4731

Abstract

Edible bird nest is a high-value export commodity. The industry of edible bird nests encounters various challenges regarding food safety demands for consumers, especially related to the quality of edible bird nests and compliance of nitrite below 30 ppm for the export commodity to China. The purpose of this paper is to obtain information on nitrate content in edible bird nests, the impact of nitrite on consumers and mechanism of nitrite, nitrification processes and mechanisms of nitrification in nature, types of nitrifying bacteria, the nitrification process, and the role of nitrifying bacteria in the edible bird nests, and also nitrite testing methods. This paper shows the nitrite content in edible bird nests at various levels. Nitrite is toxic and dangerous. Nitrite can cause methemoglobinemia, impaired oxygen flow, and difficulty breathing. Hygiene conditions and the environment of the swallow’s house can affect the amount of nitrite in the edible bird nest. Alteration in nitrite can occur through changes in nitrogen in the air to nitrite. Nitrite forming in edible bird nests is a natural process of shift nitrogen in the swallow's house environment and influenced by nitrite-producing bacteria were found in swallow's houses and converting nitrate to nitrite. Nitrification bacteria are bacteria that important role in increasing organic content and the availability of nutrients in the soil by providing nitrate. There are a few bacteria nitrification find in nature and edible bird nests such as Nitrosomonas Sp, Nitrobacter Sp, Nitrospina Sp, Nitrosococcus Sp, Nitrocystis Sp, and Bradyrhizobium japonicum.
Molecular Identification of Babesia bigemina from Cattle and Buffaloes in Bogor District Qing Wen, Jyn Soong; Nugraha, Arifin Budiman; Latif, Hadri; Cahyaningsih, Umi
JURNAL KAJIAN VETERINER Vol 12 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Kajian Veteriner
Publisher : FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN HEWAN UNIVERSITAS NUSA CENDANA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jkv.v12i2.17799

Abstract

Peternakan merupakan industri penting yang memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap sektor pertanian di Indonesia. Babesiosis adalah penyakit yang ditularkan melalui vektor caplak dan disebabkan oleh parasit darah genus Babesia. Penyakit ini telah menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi yang sangat signifikan. Deteksi molekular babesiosis memiliki sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang tinggi. Namun, saat ini, deteksi babesiosis menggunakan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) di Indonesia belum banyak digunaknan, khususnya di Kabupaten Bogor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi Babesia bigemina pada sapi dan kerbau di Kabupaten Bogor dengan teknik molekular. Sebanyak 27 sampel darah dikoleksi yang terdiri atas 22 sampel sapi dan 5 sampel darah kerbau. Sampel diwarnai dengan Giemsa 10%, selain itu sampel darah diekstraksi dan dilanjutkan dengan nested PCR. Hasil dari pemeriksaan apusan darah menunjukkan 81,48% positif terhadap Babesia spp, sedangkan hasil nested PCR 11,11% menunjukkan positif terhadap B. bigemina. Berdasarkan jenis hewan sapi dan kerbau positif terhadap B. bigemina, masing-masing sebesar 9,09% dan 20%. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan informasi dasar mengenai tingkat infeksi Babesia bigemina di kabupaten Bogor berdasarkan metode molekuler. Oleh karena itu, program pencegahan dan pengendalian terhadap infeksi parasit darah pada peternakan sapi dan kerbau sangat perlu dilakukan.
Analisis Fisikokimia dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Madu Hutan Timor terhadap Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Undari, Fajar Okta; Latif, Hadri; Sudarwanto, Mirnawati Bachrum
JURNAL KAJIAN VETERINER Vol 13 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Kajian Veteriner
Publisher : FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN HEWAN UNIVERSITAS NUSA CENDANA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/jkv.v13i1.21448

Abstract

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a global concern. One of the bacteria that is resistant to several types of antibiotics is Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Honey is known for its nutritional and antibacterial properties. The antibacterial activity of honey is due to several factors such as its physicochemical properties, H2O2, and phytochemicals compounds. Honey could be a promising alternative to overcome the problem of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this research was to determine the physicochemical, H2O2, Pinocembrin, Kaempferol and antimicrobial activity of Timor Forest honey. A total of 7 Timor Forest honey was analyzed to determine water content, water activity, pH, H2O2, Pinocembrin, Kaempferol and antibacterial activity. Moisture content, water activity, and pH were measured using a refractometer, aw-meter, and pH meter, respectively. Hydrogen peroxide content was measured using peroxide strip test. Pinocembrin and Kaempferol contents were measured using HPLC-DAD. The analysis showed that the water content, water activity and pH of Timor Forest honey were 17.52±3.31%, 0.6±0.01, 4.18±0.32, respectively. The content of H2O2, Pinocembrin, and Kaempferol were 109.1±47.1 µmol/L, 2.2±1.9 mg/100 g, 1.7±0.7 mg/100 g, respectively. The antibacterial activity of Timor Forest honey against MRSA was tested using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Vancomycin was used as positive control. The inhibition zone of Timor Forest honey and vancomycin was not significantly different with an average of 13.93±0.23 mm for Timor Forest honey and 14.33±0.05 mm for vancomycin. Timor forest honey has good physicochemical properties with a relatively high content of Pinocembrin and Kaempferol and has antibacterial activity against MRSA.
TETRASIKLIN RESISTANCE IN Escherichia coli ISOLATED FROM PIG FARM, PIG SLAUGTERHOUSE, AND THE ENVIRONMENT IN BANTEN PROVINCE Pazra, Debby Fadhilah; Latif, Hadri; Basri, Chaerul; Wibawan, I Wayan Teguh
Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Vol 17, No 4 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v17i4.32529

Abstract

This study aims to determine the prevalence of tetracycline antibiotic resistance to Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from farms, pig slaughterhouses, and the environment in Banten Province. This study used 44 samples of solid waste/feces and effluent from pig farms, 10 samples of floor swab and effluent from pig slaughterhouses and 4 samples of the environment (river water). Isolation and identification ofE. coli using Tryptone Bile X-Glucuronide (TBX), MacConcey Agar (MCA) media and confirmed by indole test. Sensitivity test against oxytetracycline and tetracycline antibiotics was carried out using Kirby-Bauer method (disc diffusion). The results showed that oxytetracycline was the most resistant antibiotic. The prevalence of oxytetracycline resistance was highest in farms in solid waste/feces samples (56.82%), pig slaughterhouses in effluent samples (80%) and environment in river samples (upstream, downstream) (100%). Tetracycline showed the highest prevalence in solid waste/feces samples of farm (40.91%), in floor swab samples of pig slaughterhouses (70%), in upstream river samples of environment (100%). This study indicates that waste from farms and pig slaughterhouses could be a source of transmission of E. coli resistant to tetracycline antibiotics to the environment.
DEKONTAMINASI BAKTERI Escherichia coli DAN Staphylococcus aureus PADA SARANG BURUNG WALET DENGAN PERLAKUAN PEMANASAN (Decontamination of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in Edible Birds Nest Using Heat Treatment) Saimah, Saimah; B. Sudarwanto, Mirnawati; Latif, Hadri
Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Vol 10, No 2 (2016): September
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v10i2.5045

Abstract

This research was aimed to examine the heating effect at 70 C for 3.5 seconds on Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) decontamination in edible birds nest. This study used 40 clean edible birds nest samples. Samples were divided into two groups, first group was contaminated with E. coli and second group was contaminated with S. aureus. Each group was divided into two treatments. The first treatment was directly tested for microbiological examination and the second treatment was heating at temperature 70 C for 3.5 seconds prior to microbiological examination. The results showed that both of bacteria E. coli and S. aureus had been destroyed by heating treatment. Heating process at 70 C for 3.5 seconds was effective for decontamination of both E.coli and S.aureus.
RESISTENSI Salmonella spp. TERHADAP BEBERAPA ANTIBIOTIK PADA DAGING ITIK DI KABUPATEN BOGOR YANG DAPAT MEMENGARUHI KESEHATAN KONSUMEN (Resistance of Salmonella spp. to Several Antibiotics from Duck Meat in Bogor District that Could Influence Consumer Health) Loisa, Loisa; Lukman, Denny Widaya; Latif, Hadri
Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Vol 10, No 2 (2016): September
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v10i2.5040

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the presence of Salmonella spp. in duck meat and to identify the resistance of Salmonella spp. against several antibiotics in duck meat associated with food safety. Total of 52 meat samples of ducks was collected from 5 subdistricts in Bogor District, i.e., Cariu-Jonggol, Gunung Sindur, Klapanunggal, Parung Panjang, and Ciomas based on the assumption of 95% confidence level, 50% predicted prevalence, and 10% standard error. The results showed that three samples (5.8%) were positive Salmonella spp. The majority of Salmonella spp. isolated from duck meat showed resistance against erythromycin (66.7%), streptomycin (33.3%), and chloramphenicol (33.3%). Nevertheless, Salmonella spp. was still sensitive againts enrofloxacin, trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, cephalothin, ampicillin, nalidixid acid, tetracycline, and gentamicin.
PENERAPAN METODE PENCUCIAN DENGAN AIR MENGALIR UNTUK MENURUNKAN KADAR NITRIT PADA SARANG BURUNG WALET (Application of Washing Method under Running Water to Reduce Nitrit Level of Edible Birds Nest) Susilo, Heru; Latif, Hadri; Ridwan, Yusuf
Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan Vol 10, No 2 (2016): September
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21157/j.ked.hewan.v10i2.5021

Abstract

This study was aimed to determine the influence of the washing method under running water on nitrite levels of edible birds nest (EBN). Total of 40 samples of EBN were divided into four groups with different washing frequency, control group without washing treatmet (P0), once, twice, and three times washing treatment (P1, P2, and P3) respectively. Each washing was performed for 30 seconds under running water. Nitrite levels assessment was carried out by spectrophotometry at 540 nm of wavelength. The results showed that the average nitrite levels of EBN in P0, P1, P2, and P3 were 93.124.40 ppm, 65.243.38 ppm, 63.603.81 ppm, and 30.872.11 ppm, respectively. The nitrit level in edible birds nest decreased significantly (P0.05) by using three times washing.
Detection of quinolone antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from dairy cattle feces Raihan, Muhammad Ammar; Elsharkawy, Sara; Indrawati, Agustin; Latif, Hadri
Current Biomedicine Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/currbiomed.4.1.1

Abstract

Background Livestock raised in densely populated areas can serve as reservoirs for bacteria such as Escherichia coli, which may harbor antibiotic resistance genes that threaten both animal and human health. Objective This study aimed to identify and characterize quinolone resistance genes in E. coli isolated from dairy cattle feces. Methods Fifteen E. coli isolates were obtained from 15 dairy farms located in Kebon Pedes, Bogor, West Java. Genotypic detection of quinolone resistance genes was conducted using DNA sequencing on the MinION platform. Results All E. coli isolates (100%) carried at least one quinolone resistance gene. Of these, ten isolates (67%) contained a single resistance gene, while five isolates (33%) possessed two genes. The qnrS1_1 gene was identified in all isolates and represented the predominant genotype, whereas the qnrVC4_1 gene was found in five isolates (33%), mostly co-occurring with qnrS1_1. Both genes are plasmid-mediated and categorized as plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes. Conclusion The detection of qnrS1_1 and qnrVC4_1 genes in E. coli isolated from dairy cattle feces indicates that livestock manure may act as a reservoir for quinolone resistance genes, contributing to their persistence and potential spread within farm environments.
Deteksi Gen Resistansi Antibiotik Golongan Tetrasiklin pada Escherichia coli yang Diisolasi dari Kotoran Sapi Perah di Kota Bogor Kusuma, Nurlita Indah; Elsharkawy, Sara; Tiuria, Risa; Latif, Hadri
Jurnal Veteriner dan Biomedis Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Maret
Publisher : Sekolah Kedokteran Hewan dan Biomedis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jvetbiomed.4.1.21-27.

Abstract

Escherichia coli (E. coli) merupakan bakteri indikator resistansi antibiotik yang banyak teridentifikasi pada kotoran sapi perah dan dapat menjadi reservoir utama dalam penyebaran gen resistansi antibiotik dari peternakan ke lingkungan sekitar. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeteksi dan menganalisis keberadaan gen resistansi antibiotik golongan tetrasiklin (tet) pada E. coli yang diisolasi dari kotoran sapi perah di Kota Bogor. Sebanyak 15 isolat E. coli dari 15 peternakan di Peternakan Sapi Perah Kebon Pedes, Kota Bogor yang telah dikonfirmasi pada penelitian sebelumnya, kemudian dilakukan deteksi gen tet menggunakan MinION Oxford Nanopore Technologies. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan 8 dari 15 (53,3%) isolat E. coli teridentifikasi membawa gen tet dengan pola distribusi satu hingga dua gen per isolat. Gen yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah tetB (20%), diikuti oleh tetA, tetM, dan tetO dengan persentase yang sama (7%).  Sebanyak 60% gen yang teridentifikasi berasal dari plasmid dan 40% lainnya berasal dari kromosom. Dominasi gen pada plasmid mengindikasikan tingginya potensi penyebaran gen resistansi ke lingkungan sekitar, yang berisiko terhadap kesehatan masyarakat.