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REVIEW KRITIS TERHADAP “THE FUTURE OF RELIGIOUS STUDIES” DAN RELEVANSINYA BAGI STUDI AGAMA DI INDONESIA Nana Supiana; Dody S. Truna; Rifki Rosyad
Lembaran Masyarakat: Jurnal Pengembangan Masyarakat Islam Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): Juli-Desember 2025
Publisher : Department of Islamic Community Development, Faculty of Da'wah, State Islamic University (UIN) of Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten

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Abstract

This article critically reviews The Future of Religious Studies, which reflects on the historical evolution and methodological transformation of religious studies from modernity to postmodernity. Using a qualitative approach through literature review, the study analyzes how the text challenges the dominance of Western rationality and promotes an interdisciplinary paradigm that integrates theology, philosophy, and the social sciences. The discussion highlights the transition from essentialism to methodological pluralism, emphasizing religion as a dynamic and contextual phenomenon. The review argues that the future of religious studies lies in its ability to remain reflective, humanistic, and socially transformative. In the Indonesian context, this perspective provides a valuable framework for developing a contextual and dialogical approach to studying religion amid pluralism, digitalization, and socio-political change.
Sacred Presence and Lived Religion: Robert Orsi's Methodological Contribution to Contemporary Religious Studies and Islamic Studies Elmi Hamidah Sully; Chaima Hammami; Nawawi Bahar Arifuddin; Dody S. Truna; Rifki Rosyad
MSJ : Majority Science Journal Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): MSJ - August
Publisher : PT. Hafasy Dwi Nawasena

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61942/msj.v4i3.626

Abstract

The lived religion paradigm has significantly transformed contemporary religious studies by shifting scholarly attention from religious doctrines and institutions toward the everyday experiences through which believers understand, negotiate, and embody their faith. Among the leading scholars within this tradition, Robert A. Orsi has made a distinctive contribution through his concept of sacred presence, which understands religion as a network of relationships between human beings and sacred realities actively experienced in everyday life. This article examines Orsi's concept of sacred presence within the broader development of lived religion scholarship and explores its methodological relevance for contemporary Islamic studies. Employing a qualitative library research method, the study analyzes Orsi's Between Heaven and Earth alongside major works on lived religion, material religion, digital religion, and contemporary Islamic studies. The analysis demonstrates that sacred presence extends the lived religion paradigm by providing an interpretive framework capable of explaining how believers experience the sacred through relationships, memory, ritual, material culture, and ordinary social practices. Furthermore, the article argues that Orsi's framework offers valuable methodological contributions to Islamic studies by complementing conventional textual, legal, and theological approaches with greater attention to lived religious experience. Rather than replacing established Islamic disciplines, sacred presence broadens their analytical scope by illuminating how Muslims encounter, interpret, and embody religious meaning within diverse social, cultural, and digital contexts. The study concludes that Orsi's concept of sacred presence constitutes a productive methodological framework that enriches both contemporary religious studies and the ongoing development of interdisciplinary approaches within Islamic studies.
Gendered Spiritualities in the Perspective of Meredith B. McGuire: A Sociology of Religion Analysis of Everyday Religious Practice Ai Siti Nurmiati; Tetep Abdulatip; Dody S. Truna; Rifki Rosyad
MSJ : Majority Science Journal Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): MSJ - August
Publisher : PT. Hafasy Dwi Nawasena

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61942/msj.v4i3.628

Abstract

This article examines the concept of gendered spiritualities proposed by Meredith B. McGuire in her work Lived Religion: Faith and Practice in Everyday Life. Using a literature-based approach and descriptive-critical analysis within the framework of the sociology of religion, this study finds that McGuire emphasizes that spirituality is not neutral, but is shaped by gender construction, embodiment, and the everyday practices of individuals. This concept serves as a critique of approaches to religion that are overly oriented toward institutions and formal doctrine. Furthermore, this article shows that McGuire's approach has relevance to the Indonesian context, particularly in understanding gender-based religious practices that are lived out in the daily lives of believers. Nevertheless, this concept also has limitations, particularly with regard to generalization and the lack of an intersectional approach.
A Critical Analysis of Clifford Geertz's Thought in Religion as a Cultural System Tatan Setiawan; Abdul Hanan; Dody S. Truna; Rifki Rosyad
MSJ : Majority Science Journal Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): MSJ - August
Publisher : PT. Hafasy Dwi Nawasena

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61942/msj.v4i3.635

Abstract

This paper offers a critical analysis of Clifford Geertz's seminal essay Religion as a Cultural System (1966), which introduced an interpretive paradigm into the study of religion. Geertz defines religion as a system of symbols that shapes durable moods and motivations in human beings by formulating conceptions of a general order of existence and clothing these conceptions with an aura of factuality, thereby linking a religious worldview to a religious ethos. This analysis argues that Geertz's theory constitutes a major turning point in the anthropology of religion by placing meaning, rather than social function or psychological need, at the centre of religious phenomena. At the same time, the theory has been criticised for being overly descriptive, for neglecting questions of power, and for paying insufficient attention to historical change. The paper concludes that Geertz's interpretive approach remains valuable for understanding religion as a cultural system, particularly when read alongside contemporary critical perspectives on power, history, and discourse
The Concept of Lived Religion in Living Faith: Everyday Religion and Mothers in Poverty by Susan Crawford Sullivan Tatan Setiawan; Abdul Hanan; Dody S. Truna; Rifki Rosyad
MSJ : Majority Science Journal Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): MSJ - August
Publisher : PT. Hafasy Dwi Nawasena

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61942/msj.v4i3.636

Abstract

This article examines the concept of “lived religion” as developed in Susan Crawford Sullivan’s Living Faith: Everyday Religion and Mothers in Poverty. The study focuses on how religion is practiced in the everyday lives of low-income mothers in the United States. Drawing on Sullivan’s qualitative-ethnographic study, the article shows that religion for these women does not depend primarily on institutional participation but is sustained instead through personal, flexible, and context-sensitive practice. The article analyzes Sullivan’s principal findings and assesses her contribution to the sociology of religion, arguing that religion functions simultaneously as a coping mechanism, a source of meaning, and a resource for moral negotiation under conditions of structural constraint. The discussion closes by considering the concept’s relevance for contemporary religious studies more broadly, including its potential application to Islam as a discursive tradition.
Vicarious Religion as A Methodological Challenge in Modern Sociology of Religion Muhammad Jamil; Raden Rezeki Alam; Dody S. Truna; Rifki Rosyad
MSJ : Majority Science Journal Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): MSJ - August
Publisher : PT. Hafasy Dwi Nawasena

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61942/msj.v4i3.640

Abstract

This study explores the concept of vicarious religion introduced by Grace Davie to explain the transformation of religiosity amid modernity, a process initially predicted to trigger total secularization. The concept refers to a phenomenon in which religious practice is carried out by an active minority on behalf of a passive majority who, despite not participating routinely, still expect religion to be present as a guardian of morals and collective identity. This study aims to explain the theoretical framework of vicarious religion, identify its forms of manifestation, and analyze the methodological challenges it raises for modern sociology of religion. The findings show that vicarious religion is manifested through delegative rituals, beliefs entrusted to specific authorities, moral representation in public issues, and the reactivation of religion’s role as a “reservoir of meaning” in times of crisis. Methodologically, this phenomenon challenges conventional quantitative approaches that measure only physical attendance, and encourages the use of interpretive and mixed methods to capture the latent dimensions of religiosity. In conclusion, there has been a shift from obligation-based to choice-based religion, in which religion continues to perform significant social and symbolic functions through mechanisms of representation.
Beyond Representation: Reconstructing Muslim Hero Identity through Procedural Rhetoric in Islamic Video Games Yuana Ryan Tresna; Hendri Waluyo Lensa; Dody S. Truna; Rifki Rosyad
MSJ : Majority Science Journal Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): MSJ - August
Publisher : PT. Hafasy Dwi Nawasena

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61942/msj.v4i3.642

Abstract

The representation of Muslims in digital games has received increasing scholarly attention, yet existing research has largely focused on visual imagery, narrative representation, and ideological discourse while overlooking the procedural nature of gameplay. This article argues that Muslim hero identity in Islamic video games cannot be adequately understood through representational analysis alone. Instead, identity emerges through players' interaction with computational systems that organize ethical choices, moral responsibility, and religious meaning. This study aims to reconstruct the concept of Muslim hero identity by integrating Representation Theory, Procedural Rhetoric, and Digital Religion into a unified conceptual framework. Employing a qualitative theory-building approach, the study combines systematic literature review, qualitative content analysis, critical discourse analysis, and theory synthesis to examine how identity is constituted through interactive gameplay rather than static representation. The analysis demonstrates that procedural mechanics, player agency, moral agency, and religious meaning-making collectively shape the construction of Muslim hero identity. Based on these findings, the study proposes the Procedural Muslim Hero Identity Framework (PMHIF), comprising five interconnected dimensions: Representational Foundation, Procedural System, Interactive Moral Agency, Religious Meaning-Making, and Procedural Muslim Hero Identity. The framework reconceptualizes Muslim hero identity as an emergent, participatory, and ethically situated process enacted through gameplay rather than merely represented through narrative or visual symbols. By moving beyond representational paradigms, this study extends Procedural Rhetoric into the domain of Digital Religion and offers a new interdisciplinary framework that contributes to Game Studies, Islamic Media Studies, and the broader scholarship on religion and interactive digital media.
Religious Authority in the Digital Age: A Critical Review of the Theme of Authority in Heidi A. Campbell's Digital Religion and Its Implications for Contemporary Hadith Studies Luthfil Aziman; Fayumi Hasan; Dody S. Truna; Rifki Rosyad
MSJ : Majority Science Journal Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): MSJ - August
Publisher : PT. Hafasy Dwi Nawasena

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61942/msj.v4i3.645

Abstract

This article presents a critical review of the theme of religious authority as elaborated by Pauline Hope Cheong in Chapter Five of Heidi A. Campbell's edited volume Digital Religion: Understanding Religious Practice in New Media Worlds (Routledge, 2013). Employing a qualitative library-research approach with thematic content analysis, this study reconstructs Cheong's three analytical logics—disjuncture and displacement, continuity and complementarity, and dialectics and paradox—and projects their relevance to contemporary Hadith studies. The findings indicate that, first, Cheong's tripartite framework is a robust meta-theoretical instrument for mapping the dynamics of religious authority in digital culture. Second, the displacement logic resonates with the phenomenon of unauthorized fatwa circulation and the “democratization” of hadith citation in cyberspace, which threatens the epistemic monopoly of the ulama. Third, the continuity logic finds parallels in the strategic adaptation of hadith scholars and pesantren-based institutions in producing digital content for verifying narrations (takhrīj). Fourth, the dialectical logic offers a more nuanced perspective for reading the paradox of digital authority within Hadith Studies, namely that an audience's digital literacy can simultaneously erode and reinforce the authority of muḥaddith. This article concludes that integrating Cheong's framework with the classical epistemology of ʿulūm al-ḥadīth—particularly the principles of isnād, ʿadālah, and ḍabṭ—is urgently needed to formulate a methodology for evaluating the authority of hadith narrations on digital platforms.