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Kartina Pakpahan
Univeritas Prima Indonesia
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Journal : JURNAL MERCATORIA

 1 
Product Responsibility and Licensing of Skincare Product Labels in The Perspective of Justice Zhou, Valerie; Pakpahan, Kartina; Pakpahan, Elvira Fitriyani
JURNAL MERCATORIA Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): JURNAL MERCATORIA JUNI
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/mercatoria.v18i1.14829

Abstract

This article aims to analyze skincare product label licensing regulations in Indonesia, examine product liability and label licensing for skincare products from the perspective of justice, and explore efforts to combat criminal acts involving the distribution of skincare products that is failed to meet the quality also the safety standards. The problem is focused on the discovery—at the beginning of 2025—of 16 cosmetic items containing harmful and/or prohibited substances, including 10 contract-manufactured products and 6 imported products, and the necessity to ensure that all skincare products on the market comply with established quality and safety standards. In order to address this problem, the theoretical frameworks of product liability theory, justice theory, and crime prevention theory are used. The data is gathered through a review of literature and sujected to qualitative analysis. This study ultimately finds that that improved dissemination of regulatory information, stricter enforcement by BPOM, and awareness among all relevant parties are required to ensure consumer protection and the integrity of skincare product labeling.
Efforts to Overcome the Crime of Murder in the Family Reviewed from a Criminological Perspective Zai, Selfiani; Pakpahan, Kartina; Sihotang, Feby Putri Shoshanny; Tarigan, Michelle Yonesta
JURNAL MERCATORIA Vol. 18 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL MERCATORIA DESEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/mercatoria.v18i2.15832

Abstract

This article aims to analyze efforts to prevent the crime of murder within the family environment from a criminological perspective and to examine criminal responsibility and punishment imposed on perpetrators. The problem is focused on the occurrence of murder cases within the family environment in North Sumatra Province and the factors contributing to these crimes, based on seven reported cases from online media news between 2021 and 2024. In order to approach this problem, criminological theory and criminal law theory are used as the theoretical references to understand the causes of crime and the application of criminal liability. The data is collected through a normative-empirical legal research method, including literature studies, analysis of statutory regulations such as the Criminal Code (KUHP), Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence, Law Number 1 of 2023, and the examination of relevant online media reports, and analyzed qualitatively. This study concludes that efforts to prevent the crime of murder in the family can be carried out through penal and non-penal approaches. Penal efforts emphasize the enforcement of criminal sanctions, while non-penal efforts focus on preventive measures through education, strengthening family resilience, the role of religious institutions, police involvement, and psychological assistance. The causative factors include emotional instability, parenting patterns, economic pressure, social environment, and weak law enforcement. Effective prevention requires cross-sectoral collaboration to create a just, preventive, and sustainable crime prevention system, while punishment serves both retributive and rehabilitative purposes.
Co-Authors Agnes Theresia Br Barus Agnes Theresia Br Barus Akmal Siregar, Lasro Aldo Christian T Alvi Syahrin Anggada Perkasa Anggraini, Fitria Anna Stephanie Antonio, Hans Ivander Arifin Alexander Arta Hot Manullang Audrey, Fiona Ayu Efritadewi Ayu Priska Nibenia Zega Azharuddin Bastian, Yosi Charisman Jaya Zai Christian Agung Prawito Cynthia Phinaldo Dedi Harianto Dela Septiana Pinayungan Derinie Lim Desi Apriguna Singarimbun Dessy Darmayani Harianja Dewi Ervina Suryani Dwiki Pernandes Sembiring Elfira Fitriyani Pakpahan Elvira Fitriyani Pakpahan Emir Syarif Fatahillah Pakpahan Enda Noviyanti Simorangkir Erlita Sipayung Ervina Ervina Ester Affia Sifra Manalu Esther, July Fatah Chotib Uddin Fauzi Iansyah Ferina Diamond Ferina, Wulan Me Ferris Chandra Gandace Siregar Gildas, Inez Giri Pratomo Gita Arihta Gotman Tambunan Gracesela Sondang Sormin Gulo, Bestari Diberkati Guntur Hutagalung Hendra Pratikno Manurung Heni Widiyaani Heni Widiyani Heriyanti Heriyanti Heriyanti Heriyanti Heriyanti Heriyanti, Heriyanti Herlina Manullang Iansyah, Fauzi Inez Gildas Isnainul, OK Jenifer Jessica Josua Dariusman Zendrato Jovina Juli Esther Napitupulu Juliani Chandrago Khairan Nisa Mendrofa Khairunnisa Khairunnisa Laidy, Yenny Leoni, Cindy Cynthia Leviyanti Leviyanti Leviyanti Lilis Suriani Pane Lusi Feny Panjaitan made adhiguna samvara Maggie Maggie Mahmud Mulyadi Markus Aruan, Miquel Joan Mei Fernando Marpaung Merry Roseline Pasaribu Mian Fransiska Sianturi Michelle Amanda Esitria Sumampow Michelle Hadlen Millenia, Meisya Moktar, Brilian Mulyadi Mulyadi Nadya Khairani Naek Silitonga Natanael Pakpahan Nelly Sri Devi Nikodemus Ariandy Manik Novi Yanti OK Isnainul Olga Indah Suci Pakpahan, Bani David Soaloon Parameshwara, Parameshwara Parulian Ganda Rumapea Rahadian, Risna Ramon Nafrial Reno Aditya Suhendro Ridho Gokasi Paulus Tampubolon rizal, said Robby Dian Ronal Hasudungan Sianturi Roswita Sitompul Roswita Sitompul Roswita Sitompul, Roswita Rumapea, Parulian Ganda Salim Pradana Saota, Margaretha Citra Novriyanti Sartika Sari Sewin Kartika SIAHAAN, MARSEM PAHAM MARSAOR Sihotang, Feby Putri Shoshanny Simalangon, Roiman Sitorus, Marthin Erixon Sonya Airini Batubara, Sonya Airini Sri Sulistyawati Sri Sulistyawati Sri Sulistyawaty Stefani , Widi stephanie, winnie Steven Gozalex Stevi Inria Sagal, Febritisia Sulistyawaty, Sri Tambunan, Franciscus Orlando Tanry, Clarisa Adelia Tanto, Harnando Tarigan, Michelle Yonesta Thela Valentine Thomson Sukamto Marzuky Simatupang Thomson Sukamto Marzuky Simatupang Timothy Pamungkas Situmorang Tobing, Michael Yusuf Tohres, Steven Stanley Tommy Leonard Tommy Leonard Uli Teresia Br Tarigan Valentin Tania Veronica Veronica Wico Dwi Pratama Widi Stefani Wijaya, Vivian Willy Tanjaya Yolanda Natalia Isabel Yosi Bastian Yovi Wicaksana Putra Yusriando Zai, Charisman Jaya Zai, Selfiani Zhou, Valerie