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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences BULETIN OSEANOGRAFI MARINA Jurnal Pengolahan dan Bioteknologi Hasil Perikanan Journal of Marine Research Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Panrita Abdi - Jurnal Pengabdian pada Masyarakat JURNAL ENGGANO Akuatik: Jurnal Sumberdaya Perairan Jurnal Ilmiah Abdi Mas TPB Unram Jurnal Pengabdian Vokasi Journal of Fisheries & Marine
Wilis Ari Setyati
Department Of Marine Sciences, Faculty Of Fisheries And Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University, Semarang
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Simpanan Karbon Lamun di Pulau Sintok dan Pulau Menjangan Besar, Karimunjawa Rico Adi Setyanto; Widianingsih Widianingsih; Wilis Ari Setyati
Journal of Marine Research Vol 12, No 1 (2023): Journal of Marine Research
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v12i1.33980

Abstract

Blue carbon merupakan salah satu upaya penurunan efek pemanasan global melalui peran ekosistem penyerap karbon di pesisir. Kehadiran ekosistem lamun menjadi ekosistem penting pesisis dan penyerap karbon masif. Penelitian ini berutujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi lamun dan kandungan karbon pada vegetasi lamun di Pulau Sintok dan Pulau Menjangan Besar, Karimunjawa. Pengamatan ekosistem lamun menggunakan metode LIPI dengan transek kuadran 50x50cm. Sampling jaringan lamun dilakukan acak pada tiap lokasi dengan alat seagrasscore. Perhitungan kandngan karbon pada tiap jaringan lamun menggunakan metode pengabuan. Jenis lamun yang ditemukan pada Pulau Sintok terdapat 4 spesies sedangkan pada Pulau Menjangan Besar sebanyak 6 spesies. Pulau Sintok memiliki persen cover kategori sedang dan Pulau Menjangan Besar memiliki persen cover kategori padat. Nilai simpanan karbon pada Pulau Sintok berkisar antara 2,59–61,07 gC/m2 sedangkan pada Pulau Menjangan Besar berkisar antara 5,97–404,57 gC/m2. Nilai simpanan karbon terbesar pada Pulau Sintok dipegan spesies Thalassia hemprichii dan pada Pulau Menjangan Besar dipegang oleh spesies Enhalus acoroides. Kondisi ekosistem yang baik meningkatkan kemampuan ekosistem lamun dalam menyerap karbon dan dapat menjadi mitigasi pemanasan global.  Blue Carbon is one of the concepts to reduce the effects of global warming through the role of carbon-absorbing ecosystems on the coast. The presence of seagrass ecosystems is an important coastal ecosystem and a massive carbon sink. This study aims to determine the condition of seagrass and the carbon content of seagrass vegetation on Sintok Island and Menjangan Besar Island, Karimunjawa. Observation of seagrass ecosystem using LIPI method with 50x50cm quadrant transect. Seagrass tissue sampling was carried out randomly at each location using a seagrasscore tool. Calculation of carbon content in each seagrass tissue using Loss on Ignition (LOI method). There are 4 species of seagrass found on Sintok Island, while on Menjangan Besar Island there are 6 species. Sintok Island has a medium percent cover category and Menjangan Besar Island has a high percent cover category. The value of carbon storage on Sintok Island ranged from 2.59 – 61.07 gC/m2 while on Menjangan Besar Island it ranged from 5.97 – 404.57 gC/m2. In the Sintok Island, the largest value of carbon storage was Thalassia hemprichii and in the Menjangan Besar Island was held by Enhalus acoroides species. Good ecosystem conditions increase the ability of seagrass ecosystems to absorb carbon and mitigate global warming.
Profil Fitokimia Ekstrak Metanol Batang Clerodendrum inerme Menggunakan Metode KLT dan Penapisan Aktivitas Antimikroba Prasetyana Ajeng Refamurty; Wilis Ari Setyati; Mada Triandala Sibero
Journal of Marine Research Vol 12, No 2 (2023): Journal of Marine Research
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v12i2.34231

Abstract

Clerodendrum inerme merupakan salah satu jenis mangrove yang masih jarang dikaji. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sebelumnya ekstrak daun C. inerme memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan sumber antibakteri alami dari batang mangrove C. inerme. C. inerme dikoleksi dari perairan Teluk Awur Jepara. Pelarut etil asetat digunakan untuk mengesktrak metabolit sekunder dari batang C. inerme. Metode paper disc diffusion digunakan pada uji antibakteri terhadap beberapa bakteri patogen, seperti Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis dan Escherichia coli. Metode fitokimia dan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) digunakan untuk mengkarakterisasi ekstrak kasar batang C. inerme. Berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi metabolit, ekstrak kasar batang C. inerme mengandung tanin, alkaloid dan fenolik. Studi ini menunjukan bahwa ekstrak batang C. inerme tidak potensial sebagai agen antibakteri. Clerodendrum inerme is a type of mangrove that is still rarely studied. Previous studies reported that C. inerme leaf extract has potential as an antibacterial agent. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity from C. inerme bark. C. inerme was collected from Teluk Awur Jepara. Ethyl acetate solvent was used to extract the secondary metabolites. The paper disc diffusion method was utilized in the antibacterial test against several pathogenic bacteria, such as Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, and Escherichia coli. Phytochemical test and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) were performed to characterize the crude extract of C. inerme bark. Based on the results of the metabolite characterization, the crude extract of C. inerme bark contained tannins, alkaloids and phenolics. This study showed that the C. inerme bark extract was not potential as an antibacterial agent.
Exploration of Antimicrobial Potency of Mangrove Symbiont Against Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria Delianis Pringgenies; Wilis Ari Setyati; Ali Djunaedi; Rini Pramesti; Siti Rudiyanti; Dafit Ariyanto
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 13 No. 2 (2021): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v13i2.26199

Abstract

Highlight ResearchAntimicrobial potential against the test microbesRhizhopora mucronata isolate showed 95% homology with Bacillus subtilis, and 97% homology with Bacillus oceanisediminis,Acanthus ilicifolius isolate showed 96% homology with Paracoccus caeni, and 89% homology with Bacillus circulans. The study found 4 isolates with antimicrobial potency against MDR pathogenic microbes.The symbiont microbes taken from Rhizophora mucronata and Acanthus ilicifolius were determined to be of the genus Bacillus and Paracoccus AbstractAntimicrobial property of mangrove symbiont have the ability to fight Multi Drug Resistant bacteria which were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Vibrio haryeyi. This study aimed to determine the potential of symbiont microbes from the root of Rhizopora mucronata and Acanthus iilicifolius as antimicrobial agents against multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogenic microbes. This research was conducted during July to November 2020. The MDR bacteria were S. aureus, E. coli, and V. harveyi MDR test microbes. The symbiont microbes were identified through molecular analyses (PCR 16S rDNA). Isolation of symbiont microbes from R. mucronata resulted in 16 isolates, while isolation from A. iilicifolius resulted in 14 isolates. Based on the antimicrobial qualitative test against S. aureus, 8 out of 16 microbial isolates from R. mucronata were found to show antimicrobial properties. The testing of A. ilicifolius symbiont microbes against S. aureus showed 8 out of 14 isolates with antimicrobial properties. The test against E. coli resulted in 2 out of 16 microbial isolates from R. mucronata and 5 out of 14 isolates from A. ilicifolius with antimicrobial properties. The test against V. harveyi resulted in two out of 16 microbial isolates from R.mucronata and 4 out of 14 isolates from A. ilicifolius with antimicrobial properties. The quantitative test found 2 isolates from R. mucronta, namely isolates RM10 and RM12, with antimicrobial properties against MDR strain E. coli, with the best isolate being RM10, which produced 11.22 mm of inhibition zone diameter. Furthermore, the selection of isolates was based on the size of the inhibition zone, the clearness of the inhibition zone and the potential for antibacterial activity. Based on their overall antimicrobial potential against the test microbes, four isolates were selected.  Molecular analyses of RM12 isolate showed 95% homology with Bacillus subtilis, of RM 10 isolate showed 97% homology with Bacillus oceanisediminis, of AC isolate showed 96% homology with Paracoccus caeni, and of AC 5 isolate showed 89% homology with Bacillus circulans. The study found four isolates with antimicrobial potency against MDR pathogenic microbes. The symbiont microbes taken from R. mucronata and A. ilicifolius were determined to be of the genus Bacillus and Paracoccus. 
Hubungan Panjang Berat Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) di Perairan Berahan Kulon, Demak Alburhana, Lathifatusy Syifa; Setyati, Wilis Ari; Redjeki, Sri
Journal of Marine Research Vol 12, No 4 (2023): Journal of Marine Research
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v12i4.34119

Abstract

Kerang darah (Anadara granosa) merupakan biota laut dalam kelas bivalvia yang kebanyakan hidup di dasar perairan laut yang berlumpur atau berpasir. Pertumbuhan kerang darah dapat diamati dengan melihat pertambahan ukuran cangkang kerang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara panjang cangkang dengan berat total dan faktor kondisi kerang darah. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Agustus hingga September 2021 dengan metode purposive sampling pada tiga stasiun berbeda. Parameter morfometri yang diamati meliputi panjang cangkang dan berat total sampel kerang darah. Pengukuran panjang cangkang kerang dilakukan menggunakan jangka sorong. Panjang cangkang kerang diukur dari ujung anterior sampai ujung posterior. Berat total kerang darah diukur menggunakan neraca digital. Pengukuran berat total kerang dilakukan dengan menimbang keseluruhan cangkang dan dagingnya yang masih menyatu. Parameter morfometri kerang darah pada penelitian kali ini memiliki pola hubungan alometrik negatif dimana nilai b < 3 yang berarti pertambahan panjang lebih cepat daripada pertambahan berat. Faktor kondisi menghasilkan nilai yang relatif sama pada setiap stasiun penelitian. Faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan kerang darah antara lain, adanya perubahan ketersediaan makanan, kondisi perairan yang berubah-ubah pada tiap waktu dan lokasi pengambilan sampel, perbedaan lokasi pengambilan sampel serta adanya proses pemijahan. Blood cockles (Anadara granosa) are marine biota in the bivalves class that mostly live on the bottom of muddy or sandy sea waters. The growth of blood cockles can be observed by looking at the increase in the size of the cockle shells. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between shell length and total weight and condition factor of blood cockles. Sampling has been done from August to September 2021 using the purposive sampling method at three different stations. The morphometric parameters observed included shell length and total weight of the blood cockles’ sample. The length of the shells was measured using a caliper. The length of the cockle shell was measured from the anterior end to the posterior end. The total weight of blood cockles was measured using a digital balance. The measurement of the total weight of the cockles was done by weighing the whole shell and the meat that was still fused together. The morphometric parameters of blood cockles in this research have a negative allometric relationship pattern where the value of b < 3 means that the length gain is faster than the weight gain. The condition factor resulted in relatively the same value at each research station. The results of the growth rate of blood cockles showed that Station II and Station III produced a faster growth rate than Station I. Factors that influence the growth of blood cockles are changes in food availability, changing water conditions at each time and sampling location, differences in sampling locations and the spawning process.
Tingkat Kesuburan Perairan berdasarkan Konsentrasi Nitrat, Fosfat dan Klorofil-a di Kabupaten Jepara Arief, Atthariq Fachri Ramadhan; Suryono, Chrisna Adhi; Setyati, Wilis Ari
Journal of Marine Research Vol 12, No 4 (2023): Journal of Marine Research
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v12i4.41718

Abstract

: Kesuburan perairan ditentukan oleh nitrat, fosfat dan klorofil-a. Nitrat dan fosfat merupakan zat hara yang penting untuk mengembangkan potensi sumberdaya ekosistem laut Perairan Kartini merupakan salah satu perairan yang padat aktivitas manusia dan dekat dengan muara sungai Wiso. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kesuburan di perairan Kartini dan Wiso, kabupaten Jepara. Pengambilan data penelitian dilaksanakan satu kali pada bulan Maret 2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Lokasi penelitian dibagi menjadi delapan stasiun. Pengambilan sampel air dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Metode analisis kandungan nutrien pada air untuk konsentrasi nitrat dan fosfat mengacu pada SNI 6989.79.2011 dan SNI 06-6989.31.2005. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis one way anova, uji regresi, uji korelasi dan uji TSI (Trophic State Index). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, konsentrasi nitrat sebesar 0,50–0,73 mg/L, konsentrasi fosfat sebesar 0,013–0,513 mg/L dan konsentrasi klorofil-a sebesar 7,355-17,917 µg/L. Kandungan nitrat, fosfat dan klorofil-a pada stasiun Wiso relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan stasiun Kartini. Berdasarkan uji regresi, didapatkan persamaan regresi pada stasiun Kartini yaitu y = 32,74X1 + 1,33X2 – 7,07 dan stasiun Wiso yaitu y = -24,29X1 + 16,29X2 + 18,77. Uji korelasi pada stasiun kartini dan wiso menunjukkan nilai korelasi positif antara nitrat dan fosfat terhadap klorofil-a. Berdasarkan perhitungan TSI didapatkan tingkat kesuburan rata-rata semua stasiun yaitu eutrofik ringan hingga eutrofik sedang.    Water productivity is determined by nitrate, phosphate and chlorophyll-a. Nitrate and phosphate are essential nutrients to develop the potential of marine ecosystem resources. Kartini waters are one of the waters that are dense with human activities and  close to the mouth of the Wiso river. This study aims to determine water productivity in Kartini and Wiso waters, Jepara regency. The research data collection was carried out once in March 2022. The research method used was a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The research location is divided into eight stations. Water sampling was repeated three times. The method of analyzing nutrient content in water for nitrate and phosphate concentration refers to the method of SNI 6989.79.2011 and SNI 06-6989.31.2005. Data were analyzed using one way anova test, regression test, correlation test and TSI test (Trophic State Index).  The results showed that the nitrate concentration was 0.50 – 0.73 mg/L, the phosphate concentration was 0.013–0.513 mg/L and the chlorophyll-a concentration was 7.355 µg/L - 17.917. µg/L. The content of nitrate, phosphate and chlorophyll-a at Wiso station is relatively higher than Kartini station. Based on the regression test, the regression equation obtained at Kartini station y = 32,74X1 + 1,33X2 – 7,07 and at wiso station is y = -24,29X1 + 16,29X2 + 18,77. The correlation test at Kartini and Wiso stations showed a positive correlation value between nitrate and phosphate on chlorophyll-a. Based on TSI calculations, the average fertility level for all stations is obtained, namely mild eutrophic to moderate eutrophic.
Potensi Metabolit Kapang Endofit Mangrove Rhizophora apiculata sebagai Anti-Staphylococcus epidermidis Limbong, Maria Fransiska; Setyati, Wilis Ari; Sedjati, Sri; Sibero, Mada Triandala
Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Vol 27, No 1 (2024): JURNAL KELAUTAN TROPIS
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v27i1.20133

Abstract

Mangrove association molds are known to produce secondary metabolite compounds that have antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to obtain anti-Staphylococcus epidermidis metabolites produced by the endophytic mold of mangrove Rhizophora apiculate. The screening process is carried out in exploratory descriptive research.  The stages of this research are sampling, mold isolation and purification, and macroscopic characterization. Initial screening of antibacterial activity is carried out by the agar plug method. Isolates that produce antibacterial metabolites are molecularly identified. The isolate was then cultured with Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media. The producing antibacterial metabolites were extracted using two solvents of different polarities (ethyl acetate and methanol) by stratified maceration method. Antibacterial metabolites are then tested to determine the concentration of extracts required to inhibit (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and kill bacterial growth (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration / MBC). The results of this study showed that there is one species of mangrove endophytic mold Rhizophora apiculata that can produce antibacterial metabolites against S. epidermidis, namely Diaporthe sennae.  These antibacterial metabolites are present in ethyl acetate extract. The resulting bioactivity based on the ability to inhibit bacterial growth can be seen from the MIC value of 2.5 mg / mL and the ability to kill bacteria with an MBC value of 5 mg / mL. The mold metabolite Diaporthe sennae could potentially be developed as an anti-Staphylococcus epidermidis  Kapang asosiasi mangrove diketahui menghasilkan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan metabolit anti-Staphylococcus epidermidis yang dihasilkan oleh kapang endofit mangrove Rhizophora apiculate. Proses skrining dilakukan secara diskriptif eksploratif.  Tahapan penelitian ini adalah pengambilan sampel, isolasi dan purifikasi kapang, serta karakterisasi makroskopis. Skrining awal aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode agar plug. Isolat yang menghasilkan metabolit antibakteri diidentifikasi secara molekuler. Isolat tersebut selanjutnya dikultur dengan media Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). Metabolit antibakteri yang dihasilkan diekstraksi menggunakan dua pelarut yang berbeda polaritas (etil asetat dan metanol) dengan metode maserasi bertingkat. Metabolit antibakteri kemudian diuji untuk menentukan konsentrasi ekstrak  yang diperlukan untuk menghambat (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration /MIC) dan membunuh pertumbuhan bakteri (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration /MBC). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat satu spesies kapang endofit mangrove Rhizophora apiculata yang yang dapat menghasilkan metabolit antibakteri  melawan S. epidermidis, yaitu Diaporthe sennae.  Metabolit antibakteri tersebut terdapat dalam ekstrak etil asetat. Bioaktivitas yang dihasilkan berdasarkan kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri terlihat dari nilai MIC sebesar 2,5 mg/mL dan kemampuan membunuh bakteri dengan nilai MBC sebesar 5 mg/mL.  Metabolit kapang Diaporthe sennae berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai anti-Staphylococcus epidermidis 
Potensi Antioksidan dan Karakterisasi Pada Kolagen Teripang (Stichopus horrens) Suryani, Askiya Intan; Pringgenies, Delianis; Setyati, Wilis Ari
Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Vol 27, No 3 (2024): JURNAL KELAUTAN TROPIS
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v27i3.23892

Abstract

Stichopus horrens, a marine organism known for its numerous health benefits, particularly in the medical field, was the focus of this study, which aimed to evaluate the collagen characterization and antioxidant potential of this species. An exploratory descriptive method was employed. The S. horrens samples were extracted using NaOH, CH3COOH, and distilled water to obtain collagen. After freeze-drying, the total collagen yield was 39.3%. FTIR analysis revealed the highest collagen peak at Amide A (3280.89 cm⁻¹), indicating O-H stretching. Amino acid analysis using HPLC showed L-Leucine as the highest essential amino acid (10.6%), while L-Methionine was the lowest (0.1%). Among non-essential amino acids, L-Glutamic acid was the highest (25.7%), with L-Cystine as the lowest (0.5%). Antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The IC50 values were 91.12 ppm for DPPH and 117.17 ppm for ABTS. The FRAP assay indicated a Trolox equivalent value of 153.90 mmol/g. Antioxidant evaluation via DPPH and ABTS assays showed moderate antioxidant strength, while the FRAP assay indicated strong antioxidant potential. Teripang Stichopus horrens, organisme laut yang memiliki berbagai manfaat kesehatan, khususnya di bidang medis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi karakterisasi kolagen dan potensi antioksidan S. horrens. Metode eksploratif deskriptif digunakan. Sampel S. horrens diekstraksi menggunakan NaOH, CH3COOH, dan air suling untuk mendapatkan kolagen. Total hasil kolagen setelah pengeringan beku adalah 39,3%. Analisis FTIR menunjukkan puncak kolagen tertinggi pada Amida A 3280,89, yang menunjukkan peregangan OH. Analisis asam amino menggunakan HPLC mengungkapkan L-Leusin sebagai asam amino esensial tertinggi (10,6%) dan L-Metionin sebagai yang terendah (0,1%). Di antara asam amino nonesensial, L-Asam Glutamat adalah yang tertinggi (25,7%), dan L-Sistin terendah (0,5%). Aktivitas antioksidan dinilai menggunakan metode DPPH, ABTS, dan FRAP, dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 91,12 ppm untuk DPPH dan 117,17 ppm untuk ABTS. Uji FRAP menunjukkan nilai ekuivalen Trolox sebesar 153,90 mmol/g. Uji antioksidan dengan metode DPPH dan ABTS menunjukan kekutan antioksidan sedang dan untuk FRAP dalam kategori yang kuat.
Kluster Gen Biosintetik (NRPS/PKS) Pada Bakteri Sedimen Mangrove Pantai Tirang Semarang Indonesia Widayat, Barra Muzaffar; Pringgenies, Delianis; Setyati, Wilis Ari
Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Vol 27, No 3 (2024): JURNAL KELAUTAN TROPIS
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v27i3.22317

Abstract

This study aims to explore biosynthetic gene clusters and antibacterial activity in mangrove sediment bacteria at Tirang Beach, Semarang, Central Java. Research methods include isolating bacteria from seagrass sediments, antibacterial testing against S. aureus and E. coli bacteria, identifying bacteria using the DNA method, and testing the presence of biosynthetic gene clusters. The results showed that the mangrove sediment bacterial isolate with the isolate code B.26.ST.3.4 had the highest antibacterial activity with a value of 28.05 ± 0.9192 against the pathogen E. coli and 23.45 ± 10.2530 against the pathogen S. aureus. Apart from that, there are two other isolates that also have antibacterial activity. Based on bacterial DNA identification, mangrove sediment bacteria that have potential as antibacterials are Bacillus velezensis (B.9.ST.1.4), Bacillus subtilis (B.13.ST.2.2), and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B.26.ST.3.4). These three isolates have the NRPS gene, and isolate B.9.ST.1.4 also has the PKS-II gene, while isolate B.26.ST.3.4 has the PKS-I gene. This discovery provides a deeper understanding of the antibacterial potential of mangrove sediment bacteria at Tirang Beach, Semarang. This information can be used to develop natural antibiotics that are more effective and have the potential to fight bacterial infections that are increasingly resistant to conventional antibiotics. The conclusion is that bacteria have potential as antibacterials from mangrove sediment bacteria at Tirang Beach, Semarang through isolation and identification of bacteria. Isolate B.26.ST.3.4 has the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus pathogens. Apart from that, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens also have antibacterial potential. The NRPS gene was found in all three isolates, while isolate B.9.ST.1.4 also had the PKS-II gene and isolate B.26.ST.3.4 had the PKS-I gene. This discovery can provide a deeper understanding of the natural antibiotic potential of mangrove sediment bacteria and can be the basis for further development in the pharmaceutical field.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi klaster gen biosintesis dan aktivitas antibakteri pada bakteri sedimen mangrove di Pantai Tirang, Semarang, Jawa Tengah. Metode penelitian meliputi isolasi bakteri dari sedimen lamun, uji antibakteri terhadap bakteri S. aureus dan E. coli, identifikasi bakteri dengan metode DNA, dan uji keberadaan klaster gen biosintesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat bakteri sedimen mangrove dengan kode isolat B.26.ST.3.4 memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi dengan nilai 28,05±0,9192 terhadap patogen E. coli dan 23,45±10,2530 terhadap patogen S. aureus. Selain itu, terdapat dua isolat lain yang juga memiliki aktivitas antibakteri Berdasarkan identifikasi bakteri DNA, bakteri sedimen mangrove yang potensial sebagai antibakteri adalah Bacillus velezensis (B.9.ST.1.4), Bacillus subtilis (B.13.ST.2.2), dan Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B.26.ST.3.4). Ketiga isolat ini memiliki gen NRPS, dan isolat B.9.ST.1.4 juga memiliki gen PKS-II, sedangkan isolat B.26.ST.3.4 memiliki gen PKS-I. Penemuan ini memberikan pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang potensi antibakteri dari bakteri sedimen mangrove di Pantai Tirang Semarang. Informasi ini dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan antibiotik alami yang lebih efektif dan memiliki potensi dalam melawan infeksi bakteri yang semakin resisten terhadap antibiotik konvensional. Kesimpulan bahwa bakteri potensi sebagai antibakteri dari bakteri sedimen mangrove di Pantai Tirang, Semarang melalui isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri. Isolat B.26.ST.3.4 memiliki aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi terhadap patogen E. coli dan S. aureus. Selain itu, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus subtilis, dan Bacillus amyloliquefaciens juga memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri. Gen NRPS ditemukan pada ketiga isolat tersebut, sedangkan isolat B.9.ST.1.4 juga memiliki gen PKS-II dan isolat B.26.ST.3.4 memiliki gen PKS-I. Penemuan ini dapat memberikan pemahaman yang lebih dalam tentang potensi antibiotik alami dari bakteri sedimen mangrove dan dapat menjadi dasar untuk pengembangan lebih lanjut dalam bidang farmasi.
Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Fotoproteksi Ekstrak Kasar Bakteri Berpigmen Asosiasi Gastropoda Cassidula nucleus Hanif, Marwa Irfan; Pringgenies, Delianis; Setyati, Wilis Ari
Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Vol 28, No 2 (2025): JURNAL KELAUTAN TROPIS
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v28i2.26824

Abstract

Excessive UV radiation generates free radicals, damaging healthy skin cells. Bioactive compounds with photoprotection and antioxidant properties offer a promising treatment for this damage. Pigments, often sourced from marine microbes associated with marine organisms, are natural materials known for these capabilities. This study aimed to identify antioxidant and photoprotection activities in pigmented bacteria linked to gastropods. A source of pigments is marine microbes associated with marine organisms. This study aims to determine the antioxidant and photoprotection activities of pigmented bacteria associated with the gastropod. Gastropod samples were obtained from the mangrove ecosystem of Mangkang Semarang and bacteria were isolated by the spread plate method. This research method is explorative descriptive, includes colony characterization, bacteria mass culture and maceration extraction of bacteria using methanol, carotenoid content calculation, antioxidant and photoprotection activity test, compound preliminary analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and molecular identification of bacteria. The results obtained 2 bacterial isolates derived from the gastropod Cassidula nucleus have colored colonies. Based on the calculation of the highest carotenoid content is in the isolate with the code MK.CN.3 amounting to 23.81 µg/g. Antioxidant activity test results from isolate MK.CN.3 showed IC50 value of 461 ppm with weak category and photoprotection value with SPF of 6.57 with extra protection category. Based on the analysis of crude extract, the pigment is suspected to contain carotenoids such as astaxanthin and β-carotene. The results of molecular identification showed that isolate MK.CN.3 is a strain of Isoptericola chiayiensis.  Peningakatan radikal bebas akibat radiasi sinar UV berlebih pada kulit menyebabkan kerusakan sel kulit sehat. Penanganan kerusakan kulit yang disebabkan oleh paparan sinar ultraviolet (UV) dapat dilakukan melalui pemanfaatan senyawa bioaktif yang berfungsi sebagai agen fotoproteksi untuk melindungi kulit dari radiasi UV serta memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang mampu menetralisir radikal bebas. Salah satu bahan alam yang memiliki kemampuan fotoproteksi dan antioksidan adalah pigmen. Salah satu sumber pigmen adalah mikroba laut yang berasosiasi dengan organisme laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan fotoproteksi bakteri berpigmen asosiasi gastropoda. Sampel gastropoda diperoleh dari ekosistem mangrove Mangkang Semarang dan bakteri diisolasi dengan metode spread plate. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif eksploratif, meliputi karakterisasi koloni, kultur masal bakteri dan ekstraksi bakteri secara maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol, perhitungan kandungan karotenoid, uji aktivitas antioksidan dan fotoproteksi, analisis pendahuluan senyawa menggunakan Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) serta identifikasi bakteri asosiasi gastropoda secara molekuler. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 2 isolat bakteri yang berasal dari gastropoda Cassidula nucleus memiliki koloni berwarna. Berdasarkan perhitungan kandungan karotenoid tertinggi ada pada isolat dengan kode MK.CN.3 sebesar 23,81 µg/g. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan dari isolat MK.CN.3 menunjukkan nilai IC50 sebesar 461 ppm dengan kategori lemah dan nilai fotoproteksi dengan SPF sebesar 6,57 dengan kategori extra protection. Berdasarkan analisis ekstrak kasar pigmen diduga mengandung karotenoid jenis astaxanthin dan β – carotene. Hasil identifikasi molekuler menunjukkan bahwa isolat MK.CN.3 merupakan bakteri jenis Isoptericola chiayiensis.
Pigmented Gastropods-Assosiate Bacteria: an Innovation in Natural Antioxidants, Antibacterials, and Sun Protection Hanif, Marwa Irfan; Pringgenies, Delianis; Setyati, Wilis Ari
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.6.1453-1465

Abstract

This research investigates the ocean's potential as a source of natural active ingredients with antioxidant, antibacterial, and sun protection properties. Marine gastropods are known to have symbiotic relationships with associated bacteria capable of producing pigments, which hold promise for the cosmetic and health sectors. The study aims to identify and analyze pigments produced by bacteria linked to marine gastropods and evaluate their effectiveness as antioxidants, antibacterials, and sun protectants. The method involved isolating and analyzing pigments from gastropod-associated bacteria, followed by tests to assess their properties. Results revealed two gastropod species: Telescopium telescopium (Linnaeus, 1758) and Cassidula nucleus (Gmelin, 1791), from which 21 bacterial isolates were obtained—10 from T. telescopium and 11 from C. nucleus. Among these, Micrococcus yunnanensis, a bacterium with high pigment production, was successfully isolated. At 1,000 µg/mL, its pigment's crude extract had low antioxidant activity and had a low SPF category as a photoprotective agent. Antibacterial tests showed efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. HPLC and FTIR analysis suggested the pigment contains carotenoid compounds. These findings highlight the potential of M. yunnanensis pigment for sustainable health and cosmetic applications.
Co-Authors Abel Kristanto Widodo Adi Santoso Adiyoga, Diaz Agus Indardjo Agus Indarjo Ahmad Fadhil Muzaki Ahmad Saddam Habibi Alburhana, Lathifatusy Syifa Aldo Rizqi Arinianzah Ali Djunaedi Ali Djunaedi Ali Ridlo Alvi Akhmad Arifin Amri, Fahrizal Dwi Ananda Arifidyani Andri Cahyo Kumoro Anjani, Devi Oktavia Antonius Budi Susanto Aprilia Larasati Dewi Arief, Atthariq Fachri Ramadhan Arifin, Alvi Akhmad Arrico Fathur Yudha Bramasta Arya Rezagama Atika Siti Nuraisyah Baskoro Rochaddi Bolu, Wa Ode Rima Alam Sari Bramasta, Arrico Fathur Yudha Cannavaro, Syahrial Varrel Chrisna Adhi Suryono Christy, Yonanda Alodea Dafit Ariyanto Delianis Pringgenies Dewi, Septiyani Kusuma Diah Permata Wijayanti Diaz Adiyoga Dony Bayu Putra Pamungkas Dwi Haryanti Dwicahyo Setiyo Wibowo Dyah Ayu Wulandary Ega Saputra Eldita Amalia Endang Sri Susilo Erni - Martani Erni Martani Fadila Wahyu Putri Arimbi Fahmi Arifan Fahrizal Dwi Amri Feri Setiawan Firdaus, Syifa Shafira Gunawan Widi Santosa Hadi Endrawati Hafizh Prihindrasto Hanif, Marwa Irfan Irwani Irwani Ita Riniatsih Ita Widowati Jan Ericson Wismar Joitry Silvia Sitompul Karina Dewiningsih Laraswati, Yuli Limbong, Maria Fransiska Lumban Gaol, Josua Gabriel M Faisal Alfa Yulianto Ma'ruf, Widodo Farid Mada Triandala Sibero Maya Puspita Monika, Rika Muhammad - Zainuddin Muhammad Salauddin Ramadhan Djarod Muhammad Taufiqur Rahman Muhammad Taufiqur Rahman, Muhammad Taufiqur Muhammad Zainuddin Muhammad Zainuddin Muhammad Zainuddin Muhammad Zainuddin Munasik Munasik Ni Nyoman Widya Triyaningsih Nirwani Soenardjo Novie Susanto Ony Ilham Pradiksa Patrea Nurcholis Afitri Person Pesona Renta Pola Risda Aswita Silitonga Prasetyana Ajeng Refamurty Putri, Angela Salsalina Rahma, Sayyidatur Rahmawati, Tiara Retno Hartati Ria Azizah Tri Nuraini Ria Azizazh Tri Nuraeni Rico Adi Setyanto Rini Pramesti Risandhi, Danendra Aquila Azfa Rudhi Pribadi Sabrina Alisha Devi Sari, Intan Swastika Sean Dewa Ramadhan Sebastian Margino Sebastian Margino Septiyani Kusuma Dewi Sibero, Mada Triandala Siti Rudiyanti Sri Redjeki Sri Redjeki Sri Sedjati Subagiyo Subagiyo Subagiyo Sugeng Widada Sunaryo Sunaryo Suryani, Askiya Intan Suryono Suryono Syahrial Varrel Cannavaro Sylvia Sari Indah Dongoran Titis Buana Triyaningsih, Ni Nyoman Widya Triyanto - - Triyanto Triyanto Triyanto Triyanto Triyanto Triyanto Wa Ode Rima Alam Sari Bolu Wahyu Bagio Leksono Widayat, Barra Muzaffar Widianingsih Widianingsih Winda Ariesta Nur Fadilla Wisnu Broto Yonanda Alodea Christy Yuli Laraswati