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The Collective Ijtihad Practice in Indonesia: The Role of Isbat Sessions in Addressing Legal Paradigm Differences Between Hisab-Rukyat AM, Suhar; Fitra, Tasnim Rahman; Kasdi, Abdurrohman; Istiqomah, Khusnul; Abdurrahman, Abdurrahman; Ahmad, Humaira
Al-Risalah Vol 24 No 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30631/alrisalah.v24i2.1537

This article aims to promote the Isbat session as a collective ijtihad practice that can overcome the differences in the legal paradigms of Hisab and Rukyat in determining the beginning of Ramadan in Indonesia. This study uses qualitative-descriptive analysis by observing the practice of the Isbat session in dealing with differences in the legal paradigms of Hisab-Rukyat in Indonesia. Primary data uses official documents from the Ministry of Religious Affairs regarding the Isbat Session from time to time. Then the data is elaborated with secondary data, especially the opinions of scholars regarding the role of collective ijtihad in dealing with differences in the paradigms of Islamic law. The article finds that the Isbat Session is a real example of the practice of collective ijtihad in Indonesia, which combines religious values, science, and the principle of deliberation. Its role is very significant in bringing together the diversity of paradigms and legal views of the Islamic community in Indonesia. Furthermore, the practice of the Isbat session also has an impact on the socio-community aspect in strengthening the unity of Muslims amidst the diversity of legal methods and views. This article contributes to the development of Islamic legal science to become a reference for academics on related issues.

The Marriage of Indigenous Peoples of Lampung Saibatin in the Perspective of Islamic Law and Tafsir of Gender Verses Baihaqi, Yusuf; Kasdi, Abdurrohman; Farida, Umma; Maraliza, Helma
Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam Vol 6, No 1 (2022): Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam
Publisher : Islamic Family Law Department, Sharia and Law Faculty, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/sjhk.v6i1.12493

The indigenous people of Lampung Saibatin are adherents of the Islamic religion. However, in the marriage tradition, there are still several gender-biased customs that are not in harmony or even contrary to the values of Islamic teachings. The formulation of the problem in this article is how is the level of compatibility between the marriages of the Lampung Saibatin indigenous people and the teachings of Islam they believe? The purpose of this article is to describe the concept of marriage in the Qur'an and marriage customs in the Lampung Saibatin indigenous community and their compatibility with Islamic teachings through the study of gender verses in the Qur'an. The method used is qualitative, with a sociological approach. The focus of this study is to present an interpretation of the gender verse, then relate it to what is practiced by the Lampung Saibatin indigenous people in their marriage customs. The results of the study show: First, there is still a gap between the teachings adopted by the Lampung Saibatin indigenous people and their marriage customs. Second, gender inequality is still often practiced in the marriage customs of the Lampung Saibatin indigenous people. Third, referring to the values of religious teachings adopted by the indigenous people of Lampung Saibatin, it is a solution to the gender injustice in their marriage customs. Fourth, the local wisdom in the marriage of the Lampung Saibatin indigenous people in ending conflicts between families and minimizing the divorce rate. The results of this study contribute to explaining the marriage customs in the internal Lampung Saibatin indigenous community and enlightening the external parties that it is not always what is traditions by a Muslim community is a representation of their religious teachings. Besides, not all marriage practices in the traditional Lampung Saibatin community are poor because there are the values of local wisdom in their marriage customs.

Kepentingan Terbaik Anak Pemohon Dispensasi Pernikahan Dalam Penafsiran Hukum Oleh Hakim Karima, Aliya; Rahma, Nabila Luthvia; Kasdi, Abdurrohman; Nubahai, Labib
Al-Syakhsiyyah: Journal of Law and Family Studies Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Shariah UIN Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/syakhsiyyah.v5i2.7082

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kebenaran implementasi PERMA No. 5 Tahun 2019 dari kasus dispensasi nikah pada putusan no. 134/Pdt.P/2022/PA.Kds, serta untuk mengetahui pemaknaan kepentingan terbaik anak dalam putusan dispensasi pernikahan tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan dengan cara mengungkap data peristiwa yang pernah terjadi di Pengadilan Agama Kudus dalam bentuk data yang valid. Dalam memperoleh sumbernya, penulis menggunakan bahan hukum primer berupa PERMA No. 5 Tahun 2019 dan nomor keputusan 134/Pdt.P/2022/PA.Kds, sedangkan bahan hukum sekunder dikumpulkan langsung oleh peneliti sebagai penunjang dari sumber data pertama yaitu hasil wawancara lanjutan untuk selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan penafsiran hukum gramatikal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian dispensasi pada putusan hakim nomor 134/Pdt.P/2022/PA.Kds menggunakan metode penemuan hukum dan dengan banyak pertimbangan. Dari semua pertimbangan tersebut, tujuan hakim adalah kelangsungan hidup anak dan kepentingan terbaik anak. Pemberian putusan dispensasi dalam hal ini sesuai dengan ketentuan PERMA Nomor 5 Tahun 2019 baik secara produral maupun substantif yang pada dasarnya demi melindungi hak-hak anak pemohon dispensasi pernikahan. Pertimbangan hakim dalam putusannya semata-mata atas dasar perlindungan, kelangsungan hidup anak, dan kepentingan terbaik anak serta pemberian dispensasi nikah juga didasarkan untuk melindungi anak dari sanksi sosial yang terjadi di masyarakat yang sering kali mengucilkan mereka karena sudah hamil dan melahirkan sebelum perkawinan terjadi.

Influence of Sharia Service Quality, Islamic Values, and Destination Image Toward Loyalty Visitors’ on Great Mosque of Demak Kasdi, Abdurrohman; Saifudin
International Journal of Islamic Business and Economics (IJIBEC) Vol 3 No 2 (2019): Volume 3 Nomor 2 Tahun 2019
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28918/ijibec.v3i2.1909

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of sharia service quality, Islamic values and destination image toward loyalty with visitors’ satisfaction as an intervening variable, a study on the great mosque of Demak tourism. This is field research using a quantitative approach. The data used are primary and secondary data taken with survey method. There are three independent variables, namely: (X1) the quality of sharia service, (X2) Islamic values, and (X3) the destination image. The dependent variable (Y1)/loyalty and intervening variable (Y2) are visitor satisfaction. The population of this study is all visitors orpilgrims of the great mosque of Demak in 2018. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling with 167 respondents. The results of this study indicate that: (1) the sharia service quality does not affect the loyalty, (2) the Islamic values have a direct positive and significant effect on the loyalty, (3) destination image has a direct positive and significant effect on loyalty, (4) the sharia service quality has no effect on the visitors’ satisfaction, (5) the Islamic values have no effect on the visitors’ satisfaction (6) the destination image has a direct positive and significant effect on the visitors’ satisfaction, (7) the visitors’ satisfaction has a direct positive and significant effect on the loyalty, (8) the visitors’ satisfaction does not mediate the relationship between the sharia service quality and loyalty (9) the visitors’ satisfaction does not mediate the relationship between the Islamic values and loyalty, and (10) the visitors’ satisfaction mediates part of the relationship between destination image and loyalty.

The Collective Ijtihad Practice in Indonesia: The Role of Isbat Sessions in Addressing Legal Paradigm Differences Between Hisab-Rukyat AM, Suhar; Fitra, Tasnim Rahman; Kasdi, Abdurrohman; Istiqomah, Khusnul; Abdurrahman, Abdurrahman; Ahmad, Humaira
Al-Risalah Vol 24 No 2 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30631/alrisalah.v24i2.1537

This article aims to promote the Isbat session as a collective ijtihad practice that can overcome the differences in the legal paradigms of Hisab and Rukyat in determining the beginning of Ramadan in Indonesia. This study uses qualitative-descriptive analysis by observing the practice of the Isbat session in dealing with differences in the legal paradigms of Hisab-Rukyat in Indonesia. Primary data uses official documents from the Ministry of Religious Affairs regarding the Isbat Session from time to time. Then the data is elaborated with secondary data, especially the opinions of scholars regarding the role of collective ijtihad in dealing with differences in the paradigms of Islamic law. The article finds that the Isbat Session is a real example of the practice of collective ijtihad in Indonesia, which combines religious values, science, and the principle of deliberation. Its role is very significant in bringing together the diversity of paradigms and legal views of the Islamic community in Indonesia. Furthermore, the practice of the Isbat session also has an impact on the socio-community aspect in strengthening the unity of Muslims amidst the diversity of legal methods and views. This article contributes to the development of Islamic legal science to become a reference for academics on related issues.

Islamic Jurisprudence in Academia: Knowledge Production and Interpretation at Indonesian Islamic Universities Kasdi, Abdurrohman; Adim, Fauzan
KARSA Journal of Social and Islamic Culture Vol. 33 No. 2 (2025): Article in Progress
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/karsa.v33i2.21096

This research is based on a literature review using historical and phenomenological approaches, interviews, and comparisons. This study seeks to understand the efforts of Indonesian Muslim academics in the study of al-Tafsir Al-Fiqhi in Islamic universities, focusing on the Al-Quran Science University (UNSIQ) in Wonosobo and PTIQ University in Jakarta. The data from this study were analyzed using content analysis, by analyzing data from theses, dissertations, and publications from UNSIQ Wonosobo and PTIQ University Jakarta, focusing on the methods of knowledge production. The steps taken in this study were as follows: First, the research data were described through references related to legal interpretation or fiqh, especially in Indonesia. Then, the theses and dissertations at UNSIQ Wonosobo and PTIQ University Jakarta were reviewed, and finally, all data were interpreted, induced, studied, and investigated. This research shows that the production of knowledge in al-Tafsir al-Fiqhi at UNSIQ Wonosobo and PTIQ Jakarta strengthens the role of al-Tafsir al-Fiqhi studies in dealing with legal and jurisprudential issues in Indonesia. In addition, both universities contribute to the production of research related to the interpretation of legal verses, which contributes to the revival of al-Tafsir al-Fiqhi studies. Furthermore, this study also shows that both universities focus on three things: First, improving understanding of legal texts, analyzing legal verses, and comparing them with the needs of society. Second, focusing on the development of educational and research methodologies by integrating Islamic traditions and Sharia objectives with the realities of Indonesia. Third, contributing to community service. It can be done by applying fiqh interpretations to practical issues, such as family law and financial transactions. UNSIQ Wonosobo and PTIQ Jakarta face challenges in their efforts, such as the need for more studies linking legal interpretation to the global context and balancing the preservation of classical fiqh heritage with the demands of the times.

Problematics of the Execution of Religious Court Decisions Ngazizah, Inna Fauziatal; Kasdi, Abdurrohman; Abdilah, Kudrat; Najichah, Najichah; Ibrahim, Norhasnira
Fiat Justisia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 19 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/fiatjustisia.v19no3.4172

This article examines the problem of authority in the execution of Religious Court decisions in Indonesia and its impact on the effectiveness of Islamic law. Although Religious Courts are authorized to adjudicate family and sharia economic cases, enforcement still relies on District Courts, creating dissonance between legal norms and practice. Using a juridical-sociological qualitative approach with literature studies and interviews with two judges, one clerk, and two execution applicants, the study identifies three root problems: the absence of direct execution authority, weak cross-agency coordination, and the lack of standard operational procedures. These weaknesses disproportionately affect women and children, leaving many rulings unenforced. The article recommends regulatory reform and institutional strengthening of Religious Courts, drawing comparative insights from Malaysia and Pakistan, where religious courts have clearer enforcement mechanisms.

Social Legitimacy versus State Legal Certainty: The Dialectics of Kiai Marriages as Living Law in Dusun Pondok Asem, Kertasemaya, Indramayu Jannah, Lulu Ul; Ngazizah, Inna Fauziatal; Kasdi, Abdurrohman
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v13i2.4392

The practice of unregistered marriages in the tradition of kiai marriages in Dusun Pondok Asem, Kertasemaya Subdistrict, Indramayu Regency, is still rampant even though marriage regulations have been strictly regulated through Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage and the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI). This phenomenon shows the gap between state law and local traditions that continue to be practiced by the local community. This study aims to describe the legal status of Kiai marriage according to customary law and state law, compare the recognition of both, and show the implications of legal pluralism in marriage practices in Indonesia. This research uses a juridical-empirical approach with a theoretical framework for legal pluralism. Primary data was obtained through interviews with lebe, traditional leaders, village officials, and kiai marriage practitioners, while secondary data was obtained from legislation, KHI, and related academic literature. The analysis was conducted qualitatively using a comparative model between customary and state law. The results of the study show the existence of dualism in recognition. Customary law recognizes Kiai marriages as valid because they fulfill the requirements of Islamic marriage and obtain social legitimacy, so that children born from these marriages receive full recognition. Conversely, state law does not recognize marriages not officially registered at the Office of Religious Affairs, so these marriages do not have strong legal force. The novelty of this research lies in its attempt to reveal the dialectic between social legitimacy as living law and formal legal certainty as the main principle of state law. This dialectic shows the reality of legal pluralism in Indonesia, emphasizing the need for harmonization so that customary law and state law can work more synergistically. Praktik nikah siri dalam tradisi kawin kiai di Dusun Pondok Asem, Kecamatan Kertasemaya, Kabupaten Indramayu masih marak dilakukan meskipun regulasi perkawinan telah diatur secara tegas melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI). Fenomena ini menunjukkan adanya jarak antara ketentuan hukum negara dan tradisi lokal yang tetap dijalankan masyarakat setempat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan status hukum kawin kiai menurut hukum adat dan hukum negara, membandingkan pengakuan keduanya, serta menunjukkan implikasi pluralisme hukum dalam praktik perkawinan di Indonesia. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-empiris dengan kerangka teori pluralisme hukum. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan lebe, tokoh adat, aparat desa, dan pelaku kawin kiai, sedangkan data sekunder berasal dari peraturan perundang-undangan, KHI, serta literatur akademik terkait. Analisis dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan model komparasi antara hukum adat dan hukum negara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya dualisme pengakuan. Hukum adat mengakui kawin kiai sebagai sah karena memenuhi rukun nikah Islam dan memperoleh legitimasi sosial, sehingga anak hasil perkawinan mendapatkan pengakuan penuh. Sebaliknya, hukum negara tidak mengakui perkawinan yang tidak tercatat resmi di Kantor Urusan Agama, sehingga perkawinan tersebut tidak memiliki kekuatan hukum yang kuat. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada upaya menyingkap dialektika antara legitimasi sosial sebagai living law dan kepastian hukum formal yang menjadi prinsip utama hukum negara. Dialektika ini memperlihatkan realitas pluralisme hukum di Indonesia, sekaligus menegaskan perlunya harmonisasi agar hukum adat dan hukum negara dapat berjalan lebih sinergis.

Fatwa and Religious Authority: Islamic Law, Social Media Ethics and Digital Age Kasdi, Abdurrohman; Farida, Umma; Huda, Miftahul; Rahman, Akmal Fawwaz Aulia; Dakhoir, Ahmad
Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/alahkam.v11i1.10755

Fatwas issued by the ulama play a strategic role in shaping the trajectory of Muslim thought in the digital era, particularly as many Muslims lack direct access to, or the capacity to independently interpret, the primary sources of Islamic law such as the Qur’an and Hadith. This study examines the position of fatwas as a determinant of religious authority and explores their implications for the development of Islamic law in the digital age. Employing a qualitative research design, this study analyzes fatwas issued by the Indonesian Ulama Council (Majelis Ulama Indonesia/MUI) concerning socio-religious issues. Data were collected through library research and examined using a normative-analytical approach, emphasizing contextual interpretation and doctrinal analysis. The findings demonstrate that MUI fatwas occupy a position of significant religious authority within the construction of Islamic law and possess substantial sociological and moral binding force. Muslim communities adhere to these fatwas because they are perceived as authoritative interpretations grounded in Islamic legal principles. Furthermore, fatwas contribute to the dynamic development of Islamic law and influence national legal frameworks. In the digital era, religious authority has become increasingly strategic, particularly following the issuance of MUI Fatwa No. 24 of 2017, which provides ethical guidelines for social media engagement, promotes social harmony, and seeks to prevent societal fragmentation in Indonesia.

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