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Journal : International Journal of Renewable Energy Development

Tin (II) Chloride Catalyzed Esterification of High FFA Jatropha Oil: Experimental and Kinetics Study Kusumaningtyas, Ratna Dewi; Handayani, Prima Astuti; Rochmadi, Rochmadi; Purwono, Suryo; Budiman, Arief
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 3, No 2 (2014): July 2014
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.3.2.75-81

Abstract

Biodiesel is one of the promising energy source alternatives to fossil fuel. To produce biodiesel in a more economical way, the employment of the low-cost feed stocks, such as non-edible oils with high free fatty acid (FFA), is necessary. Accordingly, the esterification reaction of FFA in vegetable oils plays an important role in the biodiesel production. In this work, esterification of FFA contained in Crude Jatropha Oil (CJO) in the presence of tin (II) chloride catalyst in a batch reactor has been carried out. The esterification reaction was conducted using methanol at the temperature of 40-60 °C for 4 hours. The effect of molar ratio of methanol to oil was studied in the range 15:1 to 120:1. The influence of catalyst loading was investigated in the range of 2.5 to 15% w/w oil. The optimum reaction conversion was obtained at 60 °C with the catalyst loading of 10% w/w oil and molar ratio of methanol to oil of 120:1. A pseudo-homogeneous reversible second order kinetic model for describing the esterification of FFA contained in CJO with methanol over tin (II) chloride catalyst was developed based on the experimental data. The kinetic model can fit the data very well.
Co-Authors Achmad Bachtiar Agung Ari Wibowo Ahmad Afwan Fathoni Ajeng Riswanti Wulandari Akbar, Muhammad Hafizt Andri Cahyo Kumoro Anugrahani, Viona Widya Anwaruddin Hisyam Anwaruddin Hisyam Arief Budiman Arief Budiman Arief Budiman Ashroful In'am Atuzzuhro, Qoni' Ayu Fadilah Wahid Aza Putri Anisa Bachtiar, Achmad Bahlawan, Zuhriyan Ash Shiddieqy Barita, Asyera Dewi Bayu Triwibowo Cahya Wulandari Catur Rini Widyastuti, Catur Rini Chafidz, Achmad Daniel Setiyo Nugroho Daniel Setiyo Nugroho, Daniel Setiyo Dewi Selvia Fardhyanti Dewi Trisnani Dhoni Hartanto Dimas Rahadian Aji Muhammad, Dimas Rahadian Aji Dody Herdian Saputra Riyadi Dody Herdian Saputra Riyadi Dwi Fibriyani Dwi Widjanarko Evi Widowati Fathoni, Ahmad Afwan Fauzi, Dinda Adelia Fazlena Hamzah Fazlena Hamzah Fera Arinta Fidyawati, F Fitra Aulia Rahma H Hadiyanto Hadikawuryan, Danang Subarkah Hamzah, Fazlena Handri Rama Pradani Haniif Prasetiawan Hardi Suyitno Harumi Veny Harumi Veny Heri Yudiono I. Istadi Ichwan, Rizky Imam Novrizal Aji Imani, Nadya Alfa Cahaya Irene Nindita Pradnya Jannah, Reni Ainun Khoiroh, Ianatul Kun, Stefania Orance Kusuma, Andre Dianata Hogi Laila, Rachma Akmila Lestari, Yanesti Nur Avianda Loveyanto, Rendy Okta M Nasikin Maftukhaturrizqiyah, Maftukhaturrizqiyah Maksiola, Masni Megawati Megawati Mezaki, Naufal Mudrik Miradatul Najwa Muhd Rodhi Miradatul Najwa Muhd Rodhi Mohamad Nor, Nur Fatin Syafiqah Muhammad Fikri Al Ghifari Muhammad Zarin Amin Zainal Muhd Rodhi, Miradatul Najwa Mustofa Mustofa Mutaqin, Afrizal Mai Nadya Alfa Cahaya Imani Nana Kariada Trimartuti Nathaniela, Regina Marsha Nina Hartini Nina Hartini Nindita, Ariana Eka Nur Qudus Oktafiani Oktafiani, Oktafiani Oktafiani, Oktafiani Oktafiani, Oktafiani Pradnya, Irene Nindita Prima Astuti Handayani Purwana, Yulian Candra Putri, Silvia Nouvelia Putut Marwoto Rachmadi, Moch Faizal Radenrara Dewi Artanti Putri, Radenrara Dewi Artanti Rahmah, Aisyah Khalimatur Rahmat, Sultan Aulia Reshita Amalia Ramadhani Reshita Amalia Ramadhani Ria Wulansarie, Ria Rini Kusumawardani, Rini Riza Mazidu Sholihin Rochmadi Rochmadi Rochmadi Rochmadi Rr. Dewi Artanti Putri, Rr. Dewi Artanti S Mursiti S., Syifa Azzahra Putri Sabirin Matsjeh Salsabila, Anida Salsabila, Annisa Putri Santi Wijayanti, Dwi Gansar Sarina Sulaiman Sazali, Rozana Azrina Siti Salwa Azzahra Nurazizah Nuruljannah Sunyoto Sunyoto Suryo Purwono Sutrisno, Akhmad Syah, Ahmad Faiz Armiano Syamrizal, Zakky Syarifatur Richana Syarifatur Richana Syifa Karimah Tyas Samesti Ummi Nur Laila Sulistyani Veny, Harumi Wandah Wibawanto Wara Dyah Pita Rengga Wicaksono, Dino Widi Astuti Widya Hary Cahyati Wijayanti, Reni Titis Wulandari, Ajeng Riswanti Wulansari, Durroti Zuhriah Zakaria, Zainul Akmar