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Orang Malind dan Tanahnya: Membaca Kebijakan Food Estate Melalui Paradigma Ethnoecology dan Ethnodevelopment Dwi Wulan Pujiriyani
Anthropos: Jurnal Antropologi Sosial dan Budaya (Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology) Vol 8, No 2 (2023): Januari
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/antro.v8i2.34951

Abstract

Tulisan ini bertujuan menganalisis praktik pengadaan lahan pangan skala luas dalam skema MIFEE di Merauke Papua sebagaimana didokumentasikan dalam film Mama Malind Su Hilang’. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis isi. Praktik pengadaan lahan dan keterpinggiran masyarakat lokal dianalisis dengan menggunakan dua paradigma utama yaitu paradigma etnoekologi dan paradigma etnodevelopment. Kedua paradigma ini digunakan sebagai kerangka analisis karena memiliki benang merah dalam perspektif yang dibangunnya berkaitan dengan relasi antara manusia dengan alam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa food estate merupakan realitas pengabaian terhadap konsep hutan yang dimaknai sebagai sumber kehidupan. Food estate juga merupakan contoh pembangunan yang tidak sensitif terhadap kebutuhan masyarakat lokal serta pembangunan yang mengabaikan nilai-nilai lokal terkait personifikasi hutan yang bukan semata sebagai aset, tetapi sebagai penopang daya hidup bagi masyarakat lokal melalui nilai-nilai non ekonominya. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan pengadaan lahan pangan skala luas perlu dievaluasi ulang apabila akan dilanjutkan atau diterapkan. Kehilangan tanah bagi masyarakat Zanegi tidak hanya menandai hilangnya sumber penghidupan tetapi juga identitas sebagai komunitas yang memiliki daya hidup dan kemandiriannya sendiri.This paper aims to analyze the practice of large-scale land acquisition under the MIFEE scheme in Merauke Papua as documented in the film Mama Malind Su Hilang '. The method used is descriptive qualitative using content analysis. The practice of land acquisition and the marginalization of local communities were analyzed using two main paradigms, namely the ethnoecological paradigm and the ethnodevelopment paradigm. These two paradigms are used as an analytical framework because they have a common thread in the perspective they build regarding the relationship between humans and nature. The results showed that food estate is the reality of ignoring the concept of forest which is interpreted as a source of life. Food estate is also an example of development that is insensitive to the needs of local communities as well as development that ignores local values related to forest personification which are not only as assets, but as a life support for local communities through their non-economic values. This indicates that the policy for large-scale food land acquisition needs to be re-evaluated if it is to be continued or implemented. The loss of land for the Zanegi people not only marks the loss of their source of livelihood but also an identity as a community that has its own life force and independence.
Mediasi Sebagai Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa Tumpang Tindih Tanah Antara Hak Guna Usaha dan Hak Milik Muhammad Rizaldi; Dian Aries Mujiburohman; Dwi Wulan Pujiriyani
Widya Bhumi Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Widya Bhumi
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Pertanahan Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31292/wb.v3i2.62

Abstract

One big problem that needs to be fixed is the growing number of land cases. It could slow down current development projects if it is not handled properly. This research aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of HGU (Hak Guna Usaha) land disputes and property rights in Mendala Village, Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, as well as identify the most appropriate and relevant alternative solutions. The research method used is qualitative research with descriptive methods. The research results show that there are various settlement models that have been proposed, but mediation appears to be the most important option. This approach has the potential to achieve a solution that benefits both parties, reduces costs, and avoids the risk of future problems. Apart from mediation, other alternative solutions such as compensation, re-determination of land boundaries, exclusion of enclaved land, or exclusion of new land are options worth considering. A company's decision to choose mediation is based on consideration of financial and time constraints that may arise in the course of litigation. Apart from that, understanding the social relations that have been established with the community is also an important factor in achieving the process of resolving disputes between the company and the community. Salah satu permasalahan besar yang perlu diperbaiki adalah meningkatnya kasus pertanahan. Hal ini dapat memperlambat proyek pembangunan yang ada jika tidak ditangani dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis mendalam terhadap sengketa tanah HGU (Hak Guna Usaha) dan hak milik di Desa Mendala, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu, serta mengidentifikasi alternatif penyelesaian yang paling tepat dan relevan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa terdapat berbagai model penyelesaian yang telah diajukan, namun mediasi tampak menjadi opsi yang paling diutamakan. Pendekatan ini memiliki potensi untuk mencapai solusi yang menguntungkan kedua belah pihak, mengurangi biaya, dan menghindari risiko masalah di masa depan. Selain mediasi, alternatif penyelesaian lain seperti ganti rugi, penetapan ulang batas tanah, pengeluaran lahan enklave, atau pembebasan lahan baru menjadi opsi yang layak dipertimbangkan. Keputusan perusahaan untuk memilih mediasi didasarkan pada pertimbangan kendala finansial dan waktu yang mungkin timbul dalam jalur litigasi. Selain itu, pemahaman terhadap hubungan sosial yang telah terjalin dengan masyarakat juga menjadi faktor penting dalam mengarahkan proses penyelesaian sengketa pertanahan antara Perusahaan dan masyarakat.
Eksistensi Sistem Tenurial Tradisional Masyarakat Adat Cipta Gelar Menghadapi Deagrarianisasi Delazenitha, Regina Aura; Pujiriyani, Dwi Wulan; Lestari, Novita Dian
Anthropos: Jurnal Antropologi Sosial dan Budaya (Journal of Social and Cultural Anthropology) Vol 10, No 1 (2024): Juli
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/antro.v10i1.59533

Abstract

Masyarakat Adat Cipta Gelar merupakan masyarakat yang sebagian besar mengusahakan pertanian. Tanah pertanian menjadi penopang kehidupan yang sangat penting bagi mereka. Meskipun demikian, pada tahun 2001 sampai dengan 2022, terjadi perubahan lahan pertanian secara drastis menjadi permukiman dan homestay.  Berkurangnya lahan pertanian merupakan gejala deagrarianisasi yang bisa menjadi ancaman serius bagi Masyarakat Adat Cipta Gelar. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan eksistensi sistem tenurial tradisional Masyarakat Adat Ciptagelar di tengah ancaman deagrarianisasi akibat alih fungsi lahan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode etnografi cepat. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi partisipasi dan wawancara. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan melakukan visualisasi lanskap dan kategorisasi praktik budaya pertanian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa deagrarianisasi tidak mengubah sistem tenurial tradisional Masyarakat Adat Cipta Gelar. Dari empat gejala yang menandai terjadinya deagrarianisasi yaitu: dislokasi nafkah, penurunan kemampuan untuk berswasembada pangan dan memenuhi kebutuhan dasar, dis-eksistensi agraris, dan relokasi spasial, hanya relokasi spasial yang ditemukan. Situasi ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem tenurial tradisional Masyarakat Adat Cipta Gelar masih lestari dan masih memberikan jaminan keberlanjutan bagi generasi berikutnya. Cipta Gelar Indigenous Community is a community that mostly practices agriculture. Agricultural land is a ver important life support for them. However, from 2001 to 2022, there was a drastic change in agricultural land into residential areas and homestays.  The reduction in agricultural land is a symptom of deagrarianization which could be a serious threat to the Cipta Gelar Indigenous Community. This article aims to explain the existence of the traditional tenure system of the Ciptagelar Indigenous Community amidst the threat of deagrarianization due to land conversion. This research was conducted using rapid ethnographic methods. Data collection techniques were carried out through participant observation and interviews. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively by visualizing the landscape and categorizing agricultural cultural practices. The research results show that deagrarianization does not change the traditional tenure system of the Cipta Gelar Indigenous People. Of the four symptoms that mark the occurrence of deagrarianization, namely: dislocation of livelihood, decreased ability to be self-sufficient in food and fulfill basic needs, agrarian dis-existence, and spatial relocation, only spatial relocation was found. This situation shows that the traditional tenure system of the Cipta Gelar Indigenous People is still sustainable and still provides a guarantee of continuity for the next generation.
Membandingkan Keberhasilan Pengembangan Food Estate Berbasis Reforma Agraria Di Desa Karangwangi, Mekarmukti dan Desa Sukawargi, Cisurupan, Kabupaten Garut Pujiriyani, Dwi Wulan; Sugiasih, Sugiasih; Sutaryono, Sutaryono
Ganaya : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Vol 7 No 4 (2024)
Publisher : Jayapangus Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37329/ganaya.v7i4.3480

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Food estate is a concept for developing food production which is carried out in an integrated manner and consists of agriculture, plantations and even animal husbandry on large areas of land. This article aims to examine the development of food estates based on agrarian reform which is being carried out in Java, especially in West Java. The material for this article was obtained through qualitative methods. The type of qualitative method used is multiple case studies. Data collection is divided into two, namely primary data collection techniques and secondary data. Secondary data was obtained through document study, while primary data was obtained through observation and interviews. The research results show that food estates in West Java, especially in the case of development in Sukawargi Village, have shown quite encouraging results. Farmers can streamline production costs while increasing production yields. The Agribusiness Operational Cooperation (KOA) partnership model allows farmers to gain increased income and also be free from the ties of middlemen. There has been a significant change where farmers, who previously continued to carry out traditional agricultural practices passed down from generation to generation, have changed to modern agriculture based on agricultural mechanization and innovation. Different things happen in Mekarwangi Village where basic problems related to agricultural supporting infrastructure are not yet available. This condition shows that Mekarwangi Village needs to be encouraged to fulfill the basic prerequisites for food estate development so that its success and sustainability can also be ensured.
Land Injection Vs Land Conversion: Seeking the Solution to the Discontinuity of Agricultural Land Provision Pujiriyani, Dwi Wulan; Soetarto, Endriatmo
Marcapada: Jurnal Kebijakan Pertanahan Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Marcapada: Jurnal Kebijakan Pertanahan
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Pertanahan Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (361.506 KB) | DOI: 10.31292/mj.v1i2.19

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Land conversion takes place more rapidly than the addition of new land. This paper attempts to investigate these two events by offering a more sensible solution to answer the need for land provision which over time continues to clash with various interests in land. The best solution to land provision is to give recognition to the ‘living space and the farming profession' by stating that the agricultural profession is the noblest profession, the most realistic profession, and constitutionally justified. They are a group of people whose profession is on going, or continuing, and it only requires political commitment as well as recognition of their living space and their profession that farmers and farming are a profession as well as a right to life. Local initiatives such as those emerging in the Kasepuhan community, the Subak tradition in Bali, and the determination of Sedulur Sikep community with their farming traditions should have earned their right not to be ‘disturbed’ but to be let live and get recognition and protection. Protecting these existing and sustainable forms of local farming initiatives is a real manifestation of the solution to the deadlock of the search for new agricultural land that faces various obstacles. Recognition should not only be given to indigenous groups as it has been done, but also to food farmer communities that have independently developed their agriculture in a sustainable manner.
Agrarian Reform and Indigenous Peoples: Land Management Practices of Boti Tribe Pujiriyani, Dwi Wulan; Salim, M. Nazir; Soinbala, Maya Rahelia
Marcapada: Jurnal Kebijakan Pertanahan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2022): Marcapada: Jurnal Kebijakan Pertanahan
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Pertanahan Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31292/mj.v2i1.27

Abstract

The viability of traditional tenure practices is being dealt with seriously by the privatization process. In this case, it is necessary to take sides to save the remnants of the collective heritage management of the community over shared resources, one of which appears in the context of Boti Tribe. Through Boti, the vertical redistribution model and the horizontal redistribution model can be reflected simultaneously. This vertical redistribution is related to the authority of customary leaders in regulating land tenure and use for all members of the community. Meanwhile, horizontal redistribution is related to resource management carried out among community members. This system works simultaneously and does not present feudal obligations as the base of production relationships built in the feudal hierarchical system. Boti tribe is included in the category of people who are still alive and have tribal customary land areas so that their existence can be confirmed. After receiving recognition from the local government, the identification process can be carried out by recording, measuring, and mapping. If the final product is the issuance of certificates, the only suitable protection mechanism in the case of Boti Tribe is through the issuance of communal certificates.
Stakeholder Analysis in the Implementation of the Agrarian Reform Program in East Lombok Regency Gibran, Fadel; Pujiriyani, Dwi Wulan; Sugiasih, Sugiasih
Marcapada: Jurnal Kebijakan Pertanahan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Marcapada: Jurnal Kebijakan Pertanahan
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Pertanahan Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31292/mj.v3i1.43

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Stakeholder analysis makes it possible to map the categories of program recipients and organizations implementing agrarian reform programs. Through stakeholder analysis, it is hoped that program acceptance among beneficiary groups can increase. This article aims to examine the implementation of agrarian reform and stakeholder mapping in the case of implementing agrarian reform in Bilok Petung Village. The data for this paper was taken using qualitative methods. Data collection was carried out in two ways: interviews with 12 informants and document studies of journals, books, articles, and related regulations. The data analysis process will be carried out by separating secondary data (literature study) and primary data (field study results). The findings of this research show that there are 11 stakeholders who play an important role in the asset management program and 13 stakeholders who have a main role in the access management program. The findings were then mapped into four quadrants, namely: (1) subject, (2) key players, (3) supporters, and (4) other followers. This research also shows the role of stakeholders in the agrarian reform program, such as policymakers, facilitators, coordinators, planners, implementers, mediators, and accele­rators.
Deagrarianization and Livelihood Dislocation of Peasant Community in Rural Java Pujiriyani, Dwi Wulan; Soetarto, Endriatmo; Santosa, Dwi Andreas; Agusta, Ivanovich
Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan
Publisher : Departement of Communication and Community Development Sciences, Faculty of Human Ecology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (386.119 KB) | DOI: 10.22500/sodality.v6i2.23235

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ABSTRACTThis study aim to analyze the deagrarianization phenomena occurring in peasant communities in rural Java. The research was done by explanative case study approach. The emic perspective is used to perform close reading through participation observation. Data is obtained through the collection and analysis of individual experiences (life history). Data analysis was done descriptively. The result shows that character as an agrarian village still survives. The villages still have peasants and active agriculture activity. Agriculture still in production. Nevertheless, the characteristic of agrarian community as the base of agrarian village, certainly experiencing a decay. Agrarian community are not peasants who cultivate their agricultural land, but they are ‘quasy peasants’ who hire other people to do it. The real deagrarianizaton threats come from within peasant community itself. Agriculture was stopped in the second generation. The third generation from community more attached to various non-agriculture activities that grows exclusively.Keywords: quasi peasant, agriculture, deagrarianization, communityABSTRAKPenelitian ini menganalisis fenomena deagrarianisasi yang terjadi pada komunitas petani di pedesaan Jawa. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan studi kasus eksplanatif. Perspektif emik digunakan untuk melakukan pembacaan jarak dekat (close reading) melalui partisipasi observasi. Data diperoleh melalui pengumpulan dan penganalisaan pengalaman individu (life history). Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter sebagai desa agraris masih tetap bertahan. Desa masih memiliki petani dan masih menunjukkan aktivitas pertanian yang dilakukan secara aktif. Produksi pertanian masih berjalan. Meskipun demikian karakter komunitas agraris sebagai penopang desa agraris mengalami peluruhan secara pasti. Komunitas agraris bukanlah petani yang mengerjakan lahannya sendiri, tetapi mereka adalah ‘petani semu’ yang mempekerjakan orang lain untuk mengolah sawah. Ancaman deagrarianisasi yang nyata bukan berasal dari luar komunitas, melainkan hadir dari dalam komunitas petani sendiri. Pertanian secara aktif berhenti pada generasi kedua. Generasi ketiga dari komunitas petani lebih lekat dengan berbagai aktivitas non pertanian yang tumbuh semakin eksklusif.Kata kunci: petani semu, pertanian, deagrarianisasi, komunitas
The Relevance of Agrarian Reform to the Sustainable Development Goals: Analysis of Community Land Empowerment for Food Sufficiency and Gender Equality through the Fishbone Diagram Method Sopyan, Amalia Arofah Puji; Pujiriyani, Dwi Wulan; Christine, Rosye Villanova
BHUMI: Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): Bhumi: Jurnal Agraria dan Pertanahan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, Sekolah Tinggi Pertanahan Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31292/bhumi.v10i2.813

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Abstract: This study aims to examine the state of food sufficiency and gender equality in Purwabakti Village and the relevance of community land empowerment programs in achieving food sufficiency and gender equality. The research follows a qualitative case study approach, collecting data through interviews, observations, and document analysis. Data were analyzed qualitatively using the fishbone diagram method, focusing on four primary variables: human resources, machinery, methods, and materials. Data on malnutrition and stunting indicate that issues of food vulnerability compromise food sufficiency in Purwabakti Village. Furthermore, gender equality remains a challenge within this predominantly patriarchal society. Women tend to fulfill traditional gender roles with domestic responsibilities, while men assume public roles. This patriarchal rural society generally accepts the predominant land ownership by men (as heads of households), reflecting gender inequality. The fishbone diagram analysis indicates that, despite some progress, community land empowerment programs still exhibit limitations in addressing the SDGs, particularly the goals of “zero hunger” and gender equality. Keywords: Access regulation, Rural Communities, Gender inequality, Patriarchal Culture, Woman Empowerment
Kebijakan Penyelesaian Bidang Tanah Kluster 3.1 dan Kluster 3.3 Dalam Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap Raihan, Muhammad; Pujiriyani, Dwi Wulan; Puri, Widhiana Hestining
Jurnal Pemerintahan dan Kebijakan (JPK) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jpk.v6i1.22766

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Penelitian ini berkontribusi secara spesifik untuk menunjukkan bahwa ketidaktuntasan dalam pelaksanaan program pendaftaran tanah sistematik lengkap menjadi salah satu pemicu terkendalanya pelayanan yang diberikan kepada masyarakat. Ketidaktuntasan ini muncul dari apa yang disebut dengan residu. Pada dasarnya Kluster K3 menjadi penyumbang residu terbanyak dalam pendaftaran tanah sistematik lengkap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan pendaftaran tanah sistematik lengkap dan problematika kluster 3.1.serta kluster 3.3 di Kantor Pertanahan Kota Semarang. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif, dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Studi kasus dipilih untuk memperoleh pendalaman terkait kebijakan yang diberlakukan oleh Kantor Pertanahan Kota Semarang. Penelitian dilakukan di 4 kalurahan di 2 kecamatan yaitu Kelurahan Gajahmungkur dan Kelurahan Lempongsari di Kecamatan Gajah Mungkur serta Kelurahan Candi dan Kelurahan Jatingaleh di Kecamatan Candi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, dan studi dokumen atau arsip. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa penyebab peningkatan bidang tanah K3 backlog di Kantor Pertanahan Kota Semarang sebagian besar dikarenakan terindikasinya bidang K4 pada bidang K3 backlog, sedangkan penyebab munculnya kluster K3.1 dan K3.3, dipengaruhi oleh faktor, yaitu: 1) Tumpang tindih bidang; 2) Keengganan masyarakat untuk mensertipikatkan tanahnya; 3) Keterbatasan kuota SHAT; 4) Tuntutan target bidang; 5) Keterbatasan tenaga puldadis; 6) Refocusing anggaran. Penyelesaian bidang tanah K3 sangat berpengaruh kepada capaian program PTSL. Capaian yang dimaksudkan ini adalah penurunan residu PTSL, peningkatan kepercayaan masyarakat terkait program strategis nasional, optimalisasi penyerapan anggaran, dan reputasi Kantor Pertanahan. Sebagian besar penyelesaian K3 yang dilakukan di Kantor Pertanahan Kota Semarang adalah penyelesaian secara administratif. Penyelesaian administratif hanya untuk menurunkan jumlah K3 backlog dari KKP tanpa diselesaikan hingga terbit sertipikat. Penyelesaian serupa ini belum sesuai dengan harapan masyarakat yang menginginkan penerbitan sertifikat tanah.