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Tinjauan Yuridis Perbandingan Regulasi Lelang Di Indonesia Dan Singapura Ummi Maskanah; Dennice Augustine; Nira Melodia Pasha; Wida Yuningsih
Jurnal Hukum Sasana Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Hukum Sasana: December 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/sasana.v11i2.4596

Abstract

Globalisasi dunia dengan perkembangan pergaulan internasional yang pesat serta adanya perkembangan teknologi informasi menjadikan kebutuhan untuk mengetahui hukum dari sistem hukum lain di dunia ini semakin terasa. Kenyataan menunjukkan bahwa perban­dingan hukum berkembang pesat. Perbandingan hukum (comparative law) dapat dipahami sebagai suatu pengetahuan dan metode yang mempelajari ilmu hukum dengan menin­jau lebih dari satu sistem hukum. Indonesia dan Singapura merupakan negara yang bertetangga dan tergabung di Asia Tenggara, meski bertetangga kedua negara tersebut memilik perbedaan dalam sistem hukum. Indonesia yang merupakan negara bekas jajahan belanda menjadi memiliki sistem hukum eropa kontinental (civil law). Sedangkan Singapura memiliki sistem hukum common law yaitu suatu adat kebiasaan (custom) yang bersifat umum bukan hanya adat kebiasaan setempat/lokal. Bahwa karena Indonesia dan Singapura memiliki perbedaan sistem hukum maka keduanya memiliki aturan yang berbeda, salah satunya adalah aturan mengenai lelang. Tentunya kedua negara mempunyai aturan tersendiri dalam pelaksanaan lelangnya sehingga memiliki perbedaan mengenai aturan yang mengatur lelang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi masalah terkait bagaimana perbandingan hukum regulasi lelang di Indonesia dengan Singapura. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan yuridis normatif, menelaah kaidah hukum yang berlaku di masyarakat yang dilakukan dengan meneliti bahan kepustakaan. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analisis, mengeksplorasi atau mengklarifikasi suatu gejala, fenomena atau kenyataan sosial yang ada. Tahap penelitian ini berupa penelitian kepustakaan yaitu mengumpulkan data sekunder dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi dokumen untuk mendapatkan data atau informasi yang berhubungan dengan masalah yang diteliti yang diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan metode yuridis kualitatif. Indonesia memiliki sistem hukum eropa kontinental (civil law), sedangkan Singapura memiliki sistem hukum common law, artinya antara Indonesia dengan Singapura mempunyai sistem hukum yang berbeda. Aturan pelaksanaan di Indonesia dan Singapura memeliki perbedaan yang signifikan, yang menjadi perbedaan adalah nilai pajak yang dikenakan di Indonesia jauh lebih besar di banding yang terjadi di Singapura, kemudian pelaksana lelang jika di Indonesia dikelola oleh negara melalui kementerian sedangkan Singapura pelaksanaan lelang diselenggarakan oleh swasta.
Comparison of Auction Systems and Procedures Between Indonesia and Japan: A Study of the Principles of Transparency and Legal Certainty Maskanah, Ummi; Khoerunnisa, Alsa Mala; Suherman, Dafina Nurulita; Zulaeha, Tuti
Golden Ratio of Law and Social Policy Review Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): January - June
Publisher : Manunggal Halim Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52970/grlspr.v4i2.1846

Abstract

This study discusses the comparison of auction systems and procedures between Indonesia and Japan, focusing on the application of the principles of transparency and legal certainty. This study stems from the need to understand the extent to which these two principles are implemented in legally regulated auction mechanisms, as well as how the differences in legal approaches between the two countries affect the fairness and effectiveness of the auction system. This study uses a comparative juridical method with a normative-empirical approach, in which data is obtained through literature studies, analysis of legislation, and review of auction practices in both countries. The results show that Indonesia excels in the application of the principle of transparency through the digitisation of the e-auction system managed by the Directorate General of State Assets (DJKN). This system enhances efficiency and public information disclosure, but does not yet fully guarantee legal certainty, as post-auction disputes are still common and the legal protection for auction winners is weak. In contrast, Japan has an auction system based on the strong principle of the rule of law under the Civil Execution Act (Minji Shikkō Hō), with implementation under the supervision of judicial institutions that guarantee legal certainty and protection of buyers' rights. Transparency in Japan is realised in a measurable manner through procedural openness and judicial accountability. Analysis based on the theories of Good Governance and Rule of Law shows that Indonesia places more emphasis on the aspect of transparent management (governance), while Japan is more prominent in legal certainty (law). The two complement each other, because transparency without legal certainty has the potential to cause social uncertainty, while legal certainty without transparency can lead to closed bureaucracy. This study concludes that the ideal auction system is one that is able to integrate both principles in a balanced manner. Indonesia needs to strengthen the aspect of legal certainty, while Japan can adopt digitalisation to increase transparency.
A Comparative Study of Non-Execution Auction Implementation Mechanisms in Indonesia and the Philippines Maskanah, Ummi; Rosmiati, Rina; Hidayati, Tara Devilia; Rahmawati, Suci
Golden Ratio of Mapping Idea and Literature Format Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): February - June
Publisher : Manunggal Halim Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52970/grmilf.v5i2.1845

Abstract

This study aims to analyse the comparison of regulations, procedures, and legal protection in the implementation of non-execution auctions in Indonesia and the Philippines through a legal-normative approach. This study uses a normative legal research method with a statute approach and a comparative approach. In Indonesia, non-execution auctions are a state administrative mechanism under the authority of the State Property and Auction Service Office (KPKNL) as regulated in Minister of Finance Regulation No. 122 of 2023, which emphasises formal legal certainty and procedural legality as a means of legal and transparent transfer of rights. Meanwhile, in the Philippines, the extrajudicial foreclosure mechanism regulated in Act No. 3135 jo. Act No. 4118 gives creditors direct authority to execute collateral without a court order, while still guaranteeing the substantive rights of debtors through the principle of equitable redemption and the redemption period. The comparison shows that the Indonesian system is oriented towards administrative efficiency and formal legal certainty, while the Philippines emphasises corrective justice and the protection of civil rights. This difference in orientation illustrates two complementary legal approaches legal certainty according to Gustav Radbruch and corrective justice according to Aristotle which, if integrated, could give rise to an ideal non-execution auction model: economically efficient, substantively fair, and legally accountable. This research is expected to provide a conceptual contribution to the development of a more adaptive and equitable non-execution auction legal system in Indonesia and the Southeast Asian region.
The Position of Arbitration Clause in Bankruptcy Cases: Conflicts of Authority and Solutions Under Indonesian Law Ummi Maskanah
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 24 No. 1 (2025): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v24i2.5878

Abstract

The arbitration clause is a form of private agreement that binds the parties to resolve disputes outside the court, in accordance with the principle of freedom of contract. However, in bankruptcy cases, conflicts arise between the existence of arbitration clauses and the exclusive jurisdiction of the Commercial Court, considering that bankruptcy has a public law nature that concerns the interests of creditors in general. This research aims to analyse the legal position of arbitration clauses in bankruptcy cases and identify conflicts that arise between the two. The research method used is a normative legal approach by analysing laws and regulations, legal doctrines, and court decisions. The results showed that although the arbitration clause has a strong legal basis based on Article 1338 of the Civil Code and Law No. 30 Year 1999, the court still has exclusive jurisdiction to handle bankruptcy cases in accordance with Article 303 of Law No. 37 Year 2004. The Supreme Court decision also emphasised that arbitration clauses cannot limit the authority of the Commercial Court in determining the insolvency status of an entity. The Supreme Court confirmed that arbitration clauses do not prevent the Commercial Court from handling bankruptcy, as in Supreme Court Decisions No. 45 K/Pdt.Sus/2013 and No. 3415 K/Pdt/2021. Bankruptcy law as lex specialis has a higher position than arbitration, in accordance with the principle of lex specialis specialitet to ensure legal certainty. One recommendation is the revision of relevant laws and the issuance of special guidelines by the Supreme Court to clarify the relationship between arbitration and bankruptcy.
Perbandingan Sistem Digitalisasi Lelang di Indonesia dan Korea Selatan: Dampak terhadap Efisiensi dan Transparansi Dimas Dwi Putra; Ummi Maskanah; Febriana Miharja; Anggoro Nur Faqih
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 6 No 9 (2025): Tema Hukum Agraria dan Pertanahan
Publisher : CV Rewang Rencang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56370/jhlg.v6i9.2323

Abstract

This research compares Indonesia's auction digitalization (lelang.go.id, LPSE) with South Korea's KONEPS using a comparative case study. It analyzes system architecture, regulations, and impacts on efficiency and transparency. The results show South Korea's KONEPS is superior: highly centralized, fully integrated (end-to-end), and supported by advanced technology (digital certificates, blockchain). Conversely, Indonesia, despite progress, faces system fragmentation between asset auctions and procurement, data interoperability issues, and uneven user adoption. South Korea's success lies in its single-window system integrity and strong political commitment, offering valuable lessons for Indonesia.
Comparative Study of Mortgage Auctions in Indonesia and Singapore Maskanah, Ummi; Bahyudin, Mukhamad; Buana, Tubagus Langlang; Zulkarnain, Muhammad Azka Izzaturrahman
Golden Ratio of Law and Social Policy Review Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): January - June
Publisher : Manunggal Halim Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52970/grlspr.v5i2.1870

Abstract

Auction practices in Indonesia have been known since 1908 through the Vendu Reglement and have evolved from conventional to digital mechanisms. Singapore also has a tradition of auctions dating back to the British colonial period in the 19th century. This study aims to compare mortgage foreclosure auction practices in Indonesia (a civil law tradition) and property foreclosure in Singapore (a common law tradition), focusing on efficiency, transparency, and legal certainty. The method used is normative legal research with a regulatory and comparative approach, grounded in a literature review. The results of the study show that Indonesia has a strong legal basis through PMK No. 213/PMK.06/2020, which provides formal legal certainty, including through Auction Reports as authentic deeds. However, the effectiveness of auction digitisation via lelang.go.id remains constrained by inter-agency integration. In addition, there is the potential for third-party objections to auction results (derdenverzet, i.e., resistance or objections from third parties), which can hinder the finality of auction results. In contrast, Singapore implements an integrated digital auction system supported by strict regulations, including the Auctioneers' Licences Act. Legal certainty is strengthened by the finality of transactions under the fall of the hammer principle, which enables rapid contract binding. Overall, Singapore's auction system demonstrates higher efficiency and accountability and can serve as a reference for Indonesia in strengthening end-to-end integration and consistency in the implementation of national auctions.
Comparative Study of the Transformation of Legal Methods in Implementing Online Marriages Between Indonesia and Singapore from a Positive Legal Perspective Maskanah, Ummi
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 23 No. 1 (2024): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v23i3.4448

Abstract

This research explores the use of information technology in carrying out marriage contracts, especially via video teleconference, which has become commonplace during the COVID-19 pandemic. An example of an online wedding includes a couple from Singapore who were permitted by the Registry of Marriages (ROM) to have a virtual ceremony. In the context of Islamic law, a marriage contract via teleconference shows the flexibility of sharia in facing changing times, with the concept of mashlahah (benefit) which allows reform and reinterpretation to achieve benefits. In Indonesia, although the Marriage Law does not explicitly regulate marriage via telecommunications, the decision of the South Jakarta Religious Court No. 1751/P/1989 became jurisprudence that recognized the validity of online marriages as long as the identities of the parties involved could be ascertained. Article 14 of the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) requires the presence of the bride and groom, guardians, witnesses, and the marriage contract in one assembly, which in teleconference conditions can be fulfilled with real-time images and sound. In Singapore, virtual marriages are officially regulated by law which allows marriage ceremonies to be conducted online with witnesses and guardians present virtually. A comparison between the two countries shows that although the technical procedures are similar, Singapore has clearer and more structured regulations compared to Indonesia. This research highlights the importance of legal flexibility and adaptation to social dynamics, ensuring that legal processes remain relevant to current developments.
Strategi Penyelesaian Upaya Hukum Pemenang Lelang Ekskusi Hak Tanggungan dalam Menghadapi Hambatan Penguasaan Objek Lelang: Analisis terhadap Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Maskanah, Ummi; Ahmad, Meyzar
Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin Vol. 4 No. 6 (2026): Jurnal Ilmu Multidisplin (Februari - Maret 2026)
Publisher : Green Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jim.v4i6.1647

Abstract

Pemenang lelang eksekusi hak tanggungan sering menghadapi kendala praktis, misalnya yang disebabkan oleh keberatan dari penghuni objek atau gugatan yang diajukan pihak ketiga, sehingga hal ini menjadi tantangan serius dalam penegakan hukum. Kondisi ini mengakibatkan ketidakpastian hukum dan menghambat realisasi hak penguasaan objek lelang bagi pemenang lelang yang telah menunjukkan itikad baik melalui kepatuhan pada prosedur yang telah ditetapkan.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan spesifikasi penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif-analitis, dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Tahapan penelitian meliputi penelitian kepustakaan untuk memperoleh data-data yang sifatnya sekunder serta penelitian lapangan untuk memperoleh data primer. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan dan studi lapangan. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode yuridis kualitatif.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa, ketentuan hukum positif di Indonesia secara praktiknya belum optimal dalam menjamin kepastian hukum. Terhadap pemenang lelang yang telah memenangkan objek lelang secara sah namun mengalami hambatan dalam penguasaan objek, terdapat serangkaian upaya hukum preventif dan represif yang dapat ditempuh. Upaya tersebut meliputi penyelesaian secara non-litigasi (melalui negosiasi dan mediasi) serta upaya litigasi formal, yaitu: pengajuan permohonan eksekusi pengosongan kepada pengadilan, pengajuan gugatan perbuatan melawan hukum (PMH), dan/atau penempuhan tuntutan pidana berdasarkan perbuatan melawan hukum.
Penegakan Hukum terhadap Terpidana Korupsi yang Tidak Membayar Uang Pengganti: Tinjauan Hukum Acara Pidana dan Undang-Undang Pemberantasan Korupsi Azhar, Muhammad Adhadin; Maskanah, Ummi
HORIZON: Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): HORIZON: Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary (In-Press)
Publisher : Lembaga Intelektual Muda (LIM) Maluku

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54373/hijm.v4i3.5457

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the authority and constraints of the executing prosecutor in implementing the substitute money judgment and its implementation procedures according to the criminal procedure law in Indonesia. The research method used is normative juridical with a statute approach, a case approach, and a conceptual approach through library research techniques, namely by examining laws and regulations, court decisions, and relevant legal literature. The results of the study show that the authority of the prosecutor as an executor has been clearly regulated in Article 270 of the Criminal Code and Attorney General's Regulation Number 2 of 2017, but its implementation still faces obstacles in the form of concealment of assets, weak coordination between institutions, low economic value of confiscated goods, and the tendency of convicts to choose subsidiary crimes instead of paying compensation. This research has implications for the importance of strengthening the asset tracing system, coordination between law enforcement agencies, and optimizing execution mechanisms to improve the recovery of state losses and legal certainty. The limitations of this study lie in the use of normative juridical methods that have not described the empirical conditions thoroughly and are limited to the case study of Decision Number 70/Pid.Sus-TPK/2024/PN.Jkt.Pst. Based on the results of the study, it is recommended to strengthen regulations and mechanisms for tracking assets resulting from corruption, increase coordination between law enforcement agencies, and update the policy on the execution of substitute money so that the implementation of state loss recovery can be run more effectively and provide legal certainty.
Empowering Village Paralegals through Local Wisdom: A Model for Rural Legal Aid Ummi Maskanah; Nia Kania Winayanti; Rishki Yuky Restu; Siti Pujiastuti Suhartini
Golden Ratio of Law and Social Policy Review Vol. 5 No. 2 (2026): January - June
Publisher : Manunggal Halim Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52970/grlspr.v5i2.2211

Abstract

This study aims to develop a village-based legal aid service model through the empowerment of village paralegals based on local wisdom as a strategy to improve access to justice for rural communities. This study uses normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The legal materials consist of statutory regulations, court decisions, policy documents, and academic literature obtained through library research. The analysis is conducted through doctrinal analysis, regulatory interpretation, and deductive reasoning. The findings show that village-based legal aid can bring legal services closer to rural communities that often face geographical, economic, institutional, and informational barriers. The proposed model consists of three main pillars: local wisdom-based paralegal training, technology-supported legal aid services, and sustainable funding mechanisms involving village governments, legal aid organisations, local governments, and community stakeholders. Village paralegals may provide legal education, initial consultation, case documentation, mediation support, community assistance, and referrals to authorised legal aid providers. However, their litigation-related role must be limited to assisting advocates or legal aid providers under proper supervision, not independent court representation. The study also identifies several implementation challenges, including low public legal awareness, limited funding, insufficient training, weak institutional coordination, and limited public recognition of paralegals. Therefore, strengthening village legal aid posts, improving paralegal training and supervision, utilising digital platforms, and establishing sustainable funding and referral mechanisms are necessary to ensure effective and equitable legal aid services in villages.
Co-Authors Abiyyu, Rizki Daffa Adenafio, Muhammad Reifal Adla Salsabila Lathif Ahmad, Meyzar Andhika Wijaya Pratama Anggoro Nur Faqih Anwari, Fikri Ahmad Aprilia Maharani Sule Ardisia Rahma Susetyo Aulia, Puspa Hygea Avshary, Muhammad Akhmal Az Zahra, Nisa Azhar, Muhammad Adhadin Bahyudin, Mukhamad Barus, Theresia Juliana Ngarakken Buana, Tubagus Langlang Budiman, Seno Aziz Burhanuddin, Sisca Ferawati Dea Putri Aprilian Dennice Augustine Dewi, Citra Rakhmawati Dimas Dwi Putra Febriana Miharja Febry Nurtriandany Purnomo Fuazi, Afif Guspita, Anggun R Herlani, Lisa Herlani Hidayati, Tara Devilia Imanuel Santoso, Debora Irawan, Hagi Muhamad Fauzan Isfardy Isfardy Joserando, Jodi Jordan Khoerunnisa, Alsa Mala Kusmawan, Edy Levina Abigail Chandra Lukman, Gilza Azzahra Magdalena, Esmeralda Maudy Nurwidianti Mazwa, Refizma Poltica Md Nor, Mohd Zakhiri Melinda Lorenza Meutia, Irviana Mohammad Faridz Fathurrohman Muhammad Afif Muhammad Hasbi R Mulyana, Dodo Murianto, Agus Musthofa, Hanna Noviana Noer Narsudin, Udin Nia Kania Winayanti Nira Melodia Pasha Norika Manurung Nugraha, Rais Rahmat Nurdianti, Rini Nurlianda, Vina Nursafrudin, Dansyah Nurwanda, Ahmad Yusuf Praidno, Zahra Ardhanie Prasetyo, Avif Putri, Adinda Amalia Putri, Claudia D. Samhara Ramadhan, Muhammad Willy Rangkoly, Mavelda Regina Rishki Yuky Restu Rohmani, Rodiah Rosmiati, Rina Rusaedi, Attansya Rafli Rusmana, R. Anggi Gilang Ryandi, Gialdes Evan Safriani, Vini Nurul Salas, Muhamad Rizaldi Salsabila, Ainul Mardiyah Saraswati, Nabila Trina Saumah Setiawati, Yeti Siti Nurhasanah Siti Pujiastuti Suhartini Situmorang, Jefri Subrata, Nabila Djuliana Suria Subrata Suci Rahmawati, Suci Sudjadiningrat, Raden Khemal Hadda Sugandi, M. Fajri Reznandya Suhartini, Siti Pujiastuti Suherman, Dafina Nurulita Sukamto, Ika Sumiyarsi SUSILAWATI, SUSI Syifa, Awalia Tarigan, Notora Tita Apriliani Triastanto, Alexander Varta Kusuma, Raden Nugraha Darmawan Varta Kusuma Wida Yuningsih Widya Anggraeni Wiguna, Ervan Wijaya, Melliana Wildan Yossi Prasetiyo Yudistira, Dika Eka Yusep Mulyana Zaenudin, KM Ibnu Shina Zulaeha, Tuti Zulkarnain, Muhammad Azka Izzaturrahman