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In Vitro Antidiabetic Activity and Bioactive Ingredients of Apis mellifera and Apis dorsata Binghami Nest Extracts Sibala, Henike; Naharia, Orbanus; Manampiring, Nonny; Mokosuli, Yermia Semuel
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 9, No 2: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus July 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v9i2.4511

Indonesia ranks 7th out of ten countries with diabetes mellitus, which continues to increase yearly. Honeycomb is rich in secondary metabolites formed from plant resins (propolis) which contain alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids and triterpenes. The research aimed to analyze the comparison of flavonoid content and antidiabetic activity with the enzyme Î±-glucosidase In Vitro nest extract of A. mellifera and A. dorsata Binghami. The samples used were nests of A. mellifera from northern Toraja, southern Sulawesi and A. dorsata Binghami from Southeast Minahasa, North Sulawesi. Using 96% ethanol, HPLC method of flavonoid testing and in vitro antidiabetic activity testing using Î±-glucosidase enzymes. The flavonoid content results were based on the number of peaks produced and the retention time of A. mellifera produced 26 compounds, and A. dorsata Bingham produced 21 compounds. The results of in vitro antidiabetic tests with Î±-glucoside enzyme inhibitors obtained IC50 values from the nest extract of A. mellifera of 3.605 mg/L and the nest extract of A. dorsata Binghami of 4.992 mg/L. The extract from A. mellifera had better antidiabetic potential than that of A. dorsata Binghami, although the difference is insignificant.

In Vitro Antidiabetic Activity Of Apis dorsata Binghami Nest Extract Pratasik, Veronika; Mege, Revolson; Yermia, Mokosuli Semuel
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 8, No 3: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus November 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v8i3.3196

Indonesia is ranked 7th out of 10 countries with the highest number of people with diabetes mellitus, which is estimated to increase every year.Î± -amylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of Î±-1,4 glycosidic bonds of polysaccharides to produce dextrins, oligosaccharides, maltose and D-glucose. Apis dorsata Binghami honeycomb contains secondary metabolites that have antidiabetic potential, including inhibiting the action of the Î±-amylase enzyme. The purpose of this study was to determine the in vitro antidiabetic potential of Apis dorsata binghami nest extract. This study uses a descriptive research method where the research data are obtained through laboratory experiments. Honeycomb extraction using maceration method. Analysis of total flavonoid content using UV-Vis spectrophotometric method. Antidiabetic potency test using -amylase enzyme inhibition method. The results of the extraction study showed that the % yield of the extract was 11.82% with a brownish yellow color. Analysis of the total flavonoid content showed the results of 3.33 mgQE/g. The inhibitory activity of the -amylase enzyme, the IC50 value of the extract obtained was 158.48Â±7.42 g/mL, the acarbose value was 165.96Â±7.08 g/mL. These results indicate that the extract of A.dorsata Binghami nest has hyperglycemic activity by inhibiting complex carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes such as inhibition of the -amylase enzyme which is better than acarbose because the IC50 value of the extract is smaller. If the IC50 value is smaller then the enzyme inhibition is stronger. For further research, it is recommended to use a more specific enzyme, namely the -glucosidase enzyme.

Identifikasi Teripang Laut (Holothuroidea) dari Perairan Laut Pulau Kabaruan Berdasarkan Identifikasi Morfologi dan DNA Barcoding Ferencia Esananda Rattu; Revolson Mege; Nonny Manampiring; Verawati Ida Yani Roring; Sukmarayu Gedoan; Yermia Mokosuli
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol 12, No 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v12i1.9649

Indonesia is known with its high biodiversity. One of them is sea cucumber. Various species of sea cucumbers are found in Indonesian sea in Talaud Regency at Kabaruan Island. Identification of sea cucumbers to reveal the biodiversity of sea cucumbers in Kabaruan Island, which is almost unknown. This research was to identify six samples of sea cucumber (Holothuroidea) in Kabaruan Island based on morphology and DNA barcoding using the COI gene. The differences between each species can be seen from the morphological characteristics, the length and width of sea cucumbers, papillae, pattern and color. The results showed that there were 4 species from 6 samples, which is Holothuria leucospilota, Holothuria whitmaei, Eleutherozoa sp., and Holothuria atra. That six samples with the code A1, A2, B1, C1, and C2 have a homology level of 99%-100% with the target nucleotide sequence from GenBank. Meanwhile, the sample’s code A3 has a homology level of 90% with the Eleutheroza sp. so there is a possibility that sample A3 is a new taxa that has the highest similarity to the Eleutheroza sp. From the six samples, it was found that samples A2 and B1 had the highest level of similarity which is 100%. Meanwhile, the samples with the lowest percentage values are samples A3 and B1 and samples A2 and A3, with a percentage value of 82.75%. There were 4 species from six samples found in Kabaruan Island. There is a possibility that Sample A3 is a new species that is similar to Eleutheroza sp.

Morphology, Morphometry and Analysis of the CO1 Gene in Silico Apis dorsata Binghami from Southeast Minahasa Tripena Mamuaya; Mokosuli Yermia Samuel; Anita Costanci Christine Tengker
Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): April 2024
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai, Riau, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jptam.v8i1.13716

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ciri fisik dan ukuran Apis dorsata Binghami asal Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara. Selain itu, kami akan membuat pohon filogenetik untuk Apis dorsata menggunakan data komputasi yang diperoleh dari bank gen NCBI. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, bertujuan untuk menggambarkan secara sistematis dan akurat fakta, kualitas, dan korelasi fenomena yang diteliti dengan menggunakan deskripsi, foto, atau penggambaran secara rinci. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Maulit, Kecamatan Pasan, Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara. Setelah menganalisis hasilnya, ditentukan bahwa analisis morfologi, morfometrik, dan molekuler menghasilkan identifikasi yang identik. Penelitian ini menggunakan gen mitokondria 16S rRNA dan CO1 untuk tujuan analisis hubungan. Pemanfaatan gen mitokondria 16S rRNA dan CO1 dalam metode analisis dibenarkan karena banyak keunggulannya dibandingkan gen lain. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ciri-ciri morfologi spesies A. dorsata Binghami sebanding dengan spesimen dari tempat lain, meskipun morfometrinya menunjukkan variasi ukuran dibandingkan dengan spesies yang sama yang tercatat di wilayah lain. Selain itu, ciri-ciri molekuler terlihat jelas dalam jarak filogenetik dan genetik yang ditetapkan.

Analisis Pengujian Biological Exygen Demand (BOD) dan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) di Inlet dan Outlet Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) RSU GMIM Tonsea Airmadidi James S. Turambi; Orbanus Naharia; Sukmarayu P. Gedoan; Yermia S. Mokosuli
Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai, Riau, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Rumah Sakit merupakan institusi pelayanan kesehatan bagi masyarakat. Limbah cair yang dihasilkan sebuah rumah sakit umumnya banyak mengandung virus, bakteri, obat-obatan dan senyawa kimia yang dapat membahayakan bagi kesehatan masyarakat sekitar. Hasil dari kualitas pengolahan limbah tidak terlepas dari dukungan dan sistem pengelolaan air limbah itu sendiri. Parameter pencemar air buangan rumah sakit yang perlu diperhatikan yaitu Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), atau Kebutuhan Oksigen Biologi dan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Rumah Sakit Umum GMIM Tonsea Airmadidi merupakan salah satu rumah sakit swasta milik GMIM yang ada di Kabupaten Minahasa Utara Provinsi Sulawesi Utara dan memiliki Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah untuk mengolah limbah cair. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian cross sectional, bersifat observasional dengan tujuan untuk dapat mengetahui efektivitas sistem pengolahan limbah cair di Rumah Sakit Umum GMIM Tonsea. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat penurunan nilai BOD dan COD dari titik inlet ke titik outlet air limbah RSU GMIM Tonsea.

ANALYSIS OF MANGROVE FOREST VEGETATION ON MOLAS BEACH, BUNAKEN DISTRICT, MANADO CITY Futwembun, Fransiska; Lawalata, Helen J; Setyawati, Iriani; Ogi, Nova L I M; Manampiring, Nonny; Mokosuli, Yermia
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v5i2.10753

The lack of scientific information about the current condition of the mangrove ecosystem on the Molas beach in the Bunaken District of Manado City is an important reason to conduct a study related to the analysis of mangrove forest vegetation. The purpose of this research is to identify the types of mangroves and to find the Important Value Index (INP) of mangroves on the Molas beach in the Bunaken District of Manado City. Data collection was conducted using the line transect method with plots at only one observation station, which was then analyzed to determine the Importance Value Index (INP). Based on the observations, it was found that four types of mangroves were present at the research location. The dominant mangrove species are Bruguiera Cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Aegiceras cosniculatum, and Ceriops tagal. The substrate condition, which is dominated by muddy sand, and the water quality parameters that affect mangrove growth generally still meet the standards for mangrove growth. The species Ceriops tagal has the highest values of Relative Density, Relative Frequency, and Relative Dominance, resulting in the highest INP. Meanwhile, the lowest INP was found in the species Bruguiera gymnorrhiza in the tree category

CHARACTERIZATION OF SAPROPHAGE INSECTS FORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY INDICATORS USING LOCAL PIGS Kandowangko, Sandy; Wurarah, Masje; Mokosuli, Yermia; Satiman, Utari; Gedoan, Sukmarayu
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v5i2.10755

Forensic entomology is the science of insects which is used to analyze cases related to forensics, namely death. This is based on the close relationship between humans and insects who live side by side. Insects can be a factor in determining the Postmortem Interval (PMI) so that it is useful in the forensic investigation process. Medicolegal insects are insects that are used as evidence in death cases. This research aims to obtain the diversity of insect species, the morphological characteristics of insects, the characteristics of insects in experimental pigs that died from hanging, poisoning and stabbing and based on the stage of decomposition. The results of this research examine temperature, soil pH, air humidity and the decomposition process of local pigs. The results of research on the decomposition stage in 3 deaths (hanging, stabbing, and poisoning) showed differences in the time of death, where the hanging carcass decomposed more quickly than the stabbed and poisoned carcass. In the decomposition stage, the first insect encountered is the order (Diptera) where these insects damage internal organs such as the brain and liver and also damage body cells. The temperature results of local pig carcasses placed outdoors ranged from 32.2-34.50C, while indoor carcass temperatures ranged from 26.77-33.43 0C. The degree of acidity (pH) of carcasses placed outdoors ranges from 5.13-8.53 while indoor carcasses ranges from 6.0-7.77. The environmental temperature of animal bodies placed outdoors ranges from 26.35-39,740C, while humidity ranges from 57.79-86.10%. The temperature of animal bodies in the room ranges from 27.54-31,520C, while humidity ranges from 71.50-85.37%.

Antibacterial Activity Of Sago Caterpillar Oil (Rhynchoporus bilineatus L.) From Minahasa Against Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus Pua, Devis Christian; Mokosuli, Yermia Semuel; Sumampouw, Harry Maurits
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 5 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v5i3.10760

Sago caterpillars are ethnomedically used as food and medicine by the people of several tribes in Indonesia. Sago caterpillar oil contains active compounds, especially fatty acids that have antibacterial potential. Research has been carried out which aims to obtain the bioactive content of sago worm oil and the antibacterial activity of Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Sago caterpillars are obtained from the Minahasa region. Four to six instar sago caterpillars are used for oil isolation. Analysis of the content of sago worm oil using the Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometry method. Meanwhile, the antibacterial test used the agar diffusion method using pure cultures of Salmonella thypii and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that the average sago caterpillar oil was 0.26 to 0.28 ml per head. The results of the antibacterial test showed the highest inhibition of S. aureus at a concentration of 1000 mg/L, namely 8.04 mm, while the inhibition of growth of S. thypii was highest at a concentration of 1000 mg/L, namely 7.69 mm. Sago caterpillar oil has antibacterial potential.

ANALYSIS OF MANGROVE FOREST VEGETATION ON MOLAS BEACH, BUNAKEN DISTRICT, MANADO CITY Futwembun, Fransiska; Lawalata, Helen J; Setyawati, Iriani; Ogi, Nova L I M; Manampiring, Nonny; Mokosuli, Yermia
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v5i2.10753

The lack of scientific information about the current condition of the mangrove ecosystem on the Molas beach in the Bunaken District of Manado City is an important reason to conduct a study related to the analysis of mangrove forest vegetation. The purpose of this research is to identify the types of mangroves and to find the Important Value Index (INP) of mangroves on the Molas beach in the Bunaken District of Manado City. Data collection was conducted using the line transect method with plots at only one observation station, which was then analyzed to determine the Importance Value Index (INP). Based on the observations, it was found that four types of mangroves were present at the research location. The dominant mangrove species are Bruguiera Cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Aegiceras cosniculatum, and Ceriops tagal. The substrate condition, which is dominated by muddy sand, and the water quality parameters that affect mangrove growth generally still meet the standards for mangrove growth. The species Ceriops tagal has the highest values of Relative Density, Relative Frequency, and Relative Dominance, resulting in the highest INP. Meanwhile, the lowest INP was found in the species Bruguiera gymnorrhiza in the tree category

CHARACTERIZATION OF SAPROPHAGE INSECTS FORENSIC ENTOMOLOGY INDICATORS USING LOCAL PIGS Kandowangko, Sandy; Wurarah, Masje; Mokosuli, Yermia; Satiman, Utari; Gedoan, Sukmarayu
Indonesian Biodiversity Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53682/ibj.v5i2.10755

Forensic entomology is the science of insects which is used to analyze cases related to forensics, namely death. This is based on the close relationship between humans and insects who live side by side. Insects can be a factor in determining the Postmortem Interval (PMI) so that it is useful in the forensic investigation process. Medicolegal insects are insects that are used as evidence in death cases. This research aims to obtain the diversity of insect species, the morphological characteristics of insects, the characteristics of insects in experimental pigs that died from hanging, poisoning and stabbing and based on the stage of decomposition. The results of this research examine temperature, soil pH, air humidity and the decomposition process of local pigs. The results of research on the decomposition stage in 3 deaths (hanging, stabbing, and poisoning) showed differences in the time of death, where the hanging carcass decomposed more quickly than the stabbed and poisoned carcass. In the decomposition stage, the first insect encountered is the order (Diptera) where these insects damage internal organs such as the brain and liver and also damage body cells. The temperature results of local pig carcasses placed outdoors ranged from 32.2-34.50C, while indoor carcass temperatures ranged from 26.77-33.43 0C. The degree of acidity (pH) of carcasses placed outdoors ranges from 5.13-8.53 while indoor carcasses ranges from 6.0-7.77. The environmental temperature of animal bodies placed outdoors ranges from 26.35-39,740C, while humidity ranges from 57.79-86.10%. The temperature of animal bodies in the room ranges from 27.54-31,520C, while humidity ranges from 71.50-85.37%.

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