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Jekmal Malau
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From Genes to Therapy: The Role of Candidate Gene SNP Polymorphisms in the Implementation of Personalized Medicine for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Sofia, Siti; Malau, Jekmal; Damara, Dandy Satria; Purbasari, Dwi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4a (2025): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4a.10721

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a long-term metabolic disorder shaped by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle influences. Research in genomics reveals that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in specific genes can elevate the risk of this condition and may lead to differences in how individuals react to diabetes medications, potentially positioning them as indicators for risk and treatment outcomes in personalized healthcare. This review aims to explore the contributions of SNPs in candidate genes, particularly TCF7L2 rs7903146, KCNJ11 rs5219, KCNQ1 rs2237892, SLC30A8 rs11558471, IRS1 rs1801278, CDKAL1 rs7754840, and MTNR1B rs10830963, contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes. responses to therapy, and their possible roles as clinical markers. A narrative review was carried out by searching literature on PubMed, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar using keywords like “type 2 diabetes mellitus,” “SNP,” and “pharmacogenomics.” English-language articles from 2015 to 2025 that examined connections between genetic variations and either disease risk or treatment responses in humans were included. The findings suggest that these polymorphisms largely impair beta-cell function or disrupt insulin signaling, increasing the likelihood of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Some SNPs are also tied to varied reactions to insulin-based drugs, although metformin typically demonstrates more uniform effectiveness across different genotypes. In summary, SNPs in candidate genes hold promise as tools for risk assessment and personalized treatment choices, but extensive, multi-ethnic prospective studies are essential before they can be integrated into standard clinical practice.
In Silico Analysis of Actin Gene as a Candidate for DNA Non-Halal Detection Base on Real-Time PCR Waluyo, Seagames; Malau, Jekmal; Raekiansyah, Muhareva; Yulian, Edwin; Hardiman, Imam
Indonesian Journal of Halal Research Vol. 3 No. 2 (2021): August
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/ijhar.v3i2.12123

Abstract

Actin genes are genes that are common in organisms, and their expression is constitutive. These genes are used for gene normalization and internal control of DNA extraction, but the actin gene is not widely used for halal certification tests. Bioinformatic studies help to analyze the experiment through in silico more deeply before the experiment is carried out in laboratory, making it more efficient and time effective. uMelt is an analysis to predict the melting curve of target amplification in real-time PCR. Real-time PCR has been widely used for screening and detection of pork content in a product. This research aimed to explore actin gene as a candidate for testing pork using qPCR. The study was carried out in two main stages, namely alignment of the DNA sequence and analysis of the melting curve using the uMelt approach. The results showed a set of actin genes containing conserved regions that can be used as degenerate primers with different family-type coverages. Melting curve prediction with uMelt shows differences in tm peaks so as the types of samples can be easily identified. The use of bioinformatic applications such as uMelt helps in the simulation of predicting the melting curve to increase the precision of the analysis.
Co-Authors Abbas, Zuyyinna Alya Adrian Hartanto, Adrian Ahsanal Kasasiah Ainaputri, Aliza Salsabila Annajla, Fathina Astika, Eriyanti Atwita, Syelziva Yonda Damara, Dandy Satria Daniel Joko Wahyono Debora, Priscinya Christiana Dewijanti, Indah D. Edwin Yulian Elyyana, Nina Fikri, Al Mukhlas Hardiman, Imam Hasna, Vina Luthfiana Hermosaningtyas, Anastasia Aliesa Hitopik, Asman Imam Hardiman Imam Hardiman Indah Laily Hilmi Indratno, Saarah Hamidah Asmara Irwansyah, Silvana Lestari Lestari, Agatha Nabilla Lestari, Sepiyani Ayu Manalu, Rosario Trijuliamos Meilani, Nanda Diva Mierza, Vriezka Muhareva Raekiansyah Muhareva Raekiansyah Munir Alinu Mulki Nur Darmawan, Shiyami Aulia Permatasari, Vera Prastya, Muhammad Eka Primahana, Gian Purbasari, Dwi Rahma, Anisa Aula Rahmasari, Ratika Ratnasari, Devi Sa'diyyah, Nur Saryono Seagames Waluyo Seagames Waluyo, Seagames Septi, Annisa Frastica Septiani, Dia Sholih, Mally Ghinan Siboro, Dewi Pratiwi Purba Siti Rohmah Sofia, Siti Sukma Wibowo, Sepvia Putri Sulistiawati Urbaningrum , Lestari Mahardika Urbaningrum, Lestari Mahardika Yulian, Edwin Yuswan, Apriza Zahra, Aliya Azkia Zahro, Aurora Fatimatuz Zakiyah, Wildani