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Journal : RechtJiva

Analisis Hukum Internasional Terhadap Perlindungan Underwater Cultural Heritage di Wilayah Perairan Dalam Yurisdiksi Nasional Wulandari, Annindya Jasmine; Puspitawati, Dhiana; Madjid, Yasniar Rachmawati
RechtJiva Vol. 3 No. 1 (Maret 2026)
Publisher : RechtJiva

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

This study addresses the issue of legal uncertainty regarding the protection of underwater cultural heritage (UCH) in waters under national jurisdiction, resulting from the absence of detailed provisions on the protection of UCH in such waters under national jurisdiction in the 1982 UNCLOS, which has led to legal uncertainty. UCH is regulated by the UCH Convention, which addresses the legal uncertainty regarding UCH protection in UNCLOS 1982. In this context, non-member states of the UCH Convention face legal uncertainty regarding the protection of UCH in waters under national jurisdiction, particularly regarding the argument that UCH can be “equated” with natural resources. Based on this, this research raises the following research questions: (1) How is the protection of UCH regulated under international law? (2) How is the legal protection of UCH in waters under national jurisdiction conceptualized, specifically, can UCH be considered a natural resource? This research employs a normative legal methodology using a statutory approach and an analytical approach, and analyses legal materials using qualitative methods. Research findings indicate that the international legal framework governing UCH, as established under UNCLOS 1982, is too ambiguous to provide a valid legal basis for the protection of UCH. The provisions of the UCH Convention comprehensively address the protection of UCH. The concept of legal protection for UCH in waters under a state’s national jurisdiction, as outlined in the UCH Convention, does not classify UCH as a natural resource. The UCH Convention has specifically provided a concept of protection for UCH in waters under national jurisdiction. Therefore, it is important for countries around the world to carry out the ratification procedures for this convention.
Co-Authors Abdullah Said Abraham Mohammad Ridjal Abraham Mohammad Ridjal Adi Kusumaningrum Agara, Andryawan Perdana Dista Airin Liemanto Airin Liemanto Andi Kurniawan Andik Isdianto Anditya, Ariesta Wibisono Anggoro, Syahriza Alkhoir Apriyanti, Nurul Arief Setyanto Arif Zainudin Aris Tri Ika R Arsadana, I Gede Mahada Asyifa Anandya Asyifa Anandya Atmaja, Albertus Aldo Danar Brantas Suharyo G. Dewi Cahyandari Dewi Cahyandari, Dewi Diah Pawestri Maharani Diah Pawestri Maharani, Diah Pawestri Dinansi, Clarissa Ivana Kartika Dwi Budi Santoso Edi - Susilo Edi Susilo Eka Yudha Kurniawan Fachry Abda El Rahman Fadillah Putra Fadillah Putra FADLI, MOH Fadli, Moh. Faishal Aminudin Fathah, Aulia Lanudia Herlindah I Nyoman Nurjaya Kristiyanto Kristiyanto Kristiyanto, Kristiyanto Kurniaty, Rika Luthfi, Mustafa Madjid, Yasniar Rachmawati Maharani, Natalia Mentari Puspa Wardani Milda Istiqomah Moelyadi Moelyadi Moh. Fadli Moh. Kusaeni Mohammad Fadli Mohd Rusli, Mohd Hazmi Monteiro, Sequito Mustafa Lutfi Natalia Ngesti Dwi Prasetyo Nico Rahman Caesar Nuddin Harahab Nuhfil Hanani Nuhfil Hanani Nursasmita, Muhammad Akbar Nurwijayanti Pardana, I Nyoman Adi Prakoso, Lukman Yudho Pranata, Keri Priesty Yustika Putri Priesty Yustika Putri, Priesty Yustika Prija Djatmika Prija Djatmika, Prija Putri, Berlania Mahardika Rachmi Sulistyarini Rangga Vandy Wardana Rangga Vandy Wardana Riadhussyah, M Rusli, Mohd Hazmi Mohd Sari, Retno Dewi Pulung Savira, Sarah Setyo Widagdo Shinta Hadiyantina Shinta Hadiyantina Sihabudin Sihabudin, Sihabudin Suharyo G., Brantas Sukardi Sukardi Supriyadi Supriyadi Supriyadi Supriyadi Susanto, Fransisca Ayulistya Susanto, Fransiska A. Susanto, Fransiska Ayulistya Tahir Luth Tahir Luth Teddy Minahasa Putra Thohir Luth Ummu Salamah Ummu SALAMAH Ummu Salamah Vandy Wardana, Rangga Wanto, Alfi Haris Wardana, Rangga Vandy Wardani, Mentari Puspa Wulandari, Annindya Jasmine Yenny Eta Widyanti Zaenal Fanani