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Interplay of Christian Missions, Batak Traditions, and Colonial Influence in North Tapanuli, Indonesia in 1861-1940 Siahaan, JLM; Rochwulaningsih, Yety; Sulistiyono, Singgih Tri; Azhari, Ichwan
Indonesian Historical Studies Vol 9, No 1 (2025): In Progress
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ihis.v9i1.25744

Abstract

This study focuses on the missionary movement of the Rhein Missionary Society (RMG) and its impact on the political and social dynamics of the Batak people. The RMG missionary movement, which began in the 19th century, became one of the key drivers in the spread of Christianity in the Toba Batak region. Additionally, the involvement of the missionary movement alongside the Dutch colonial government brought significant changes to the social life of the Batak people. Therefore, this article highlights the local social and political changes triggered by the Padri attacks, which also influenced the community's acceptance of Christianity. The historical method is used in this article to reveal various responses to Christian missions, ranging from traditional acceptance to integration into Christian traditions. This study also analyses how Dutch colonialism influenced the spread of Christianity, as well as the social, political, and cultural transformations that occurred. These findings offer a new perspective on the interaction between Christian missions, Batak customs, and colonialism in shaping the history of religion in the Batak region.
Vaksin Kolera Di Tanah Kolonial: Upaya Pengendalian Penyakit Di Kota-Kota Besar Di Jawa, 1910-1912 Faishal Sahru Rhamadan, Faishal; Rochwulaningsih, Yety; Sudarsih, Sri
PURBAWIDYA Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): 14(2) November 2025
Publisher : Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/purbawidya.2025.11245

Abstract

This study examines the implementation of cholera vaccination programs in Java between 1910 and 1912 through a qualitative historical approach based on a comprehensive review of primary and secondary sources, verified both internally and externally. It explores the development and administration of cholera vaccines among the population of the Dutch East Indies in the early twentieth century. The findings indicate that Java were highly vulnerable to cholera outbreaks, recording 72,013 cases and 56,309 deaths (73.7%) in 1910, primarily in major urban centers such as Semarang, Surabaya, Batavia, and Pasuruan. A.H. Nijland, Director of the Pasteur Institute, significantly advanced cholera vaccine research and advocated mass immunization as a governmental public health strategy. Following his recommendation, the colonial administration launched a large-scale vaccination campaign across endemic areas beginning in 1910. This initiative effectively reduced both incidence and mortality, with reported cases decreasing to approximately 9,500 and a mortality rate of 56.5% by 1911. The study concludes that mass vaccination represented a pivotal epidemiological intervention in mitigating cholera transmission and improving public health outcomes in the Dutch East Indies.
“Perebutan Ruang Udara:” Kontestasi Jaringan Radio di Bawah Pengawasan Pemerintah Kolonial Hindia Belanda, 1934-1942 Teofani, Debora Alfi Dwidi; Puguh, Dhanang Respati; Rochwulaningsih, Yety
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 10, No 1 (2025): Sejarah Sosial, Praktik Budaya, dan Dinamika Kekuasaan
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v10i1.68636

Abstract

This article examines the contestation between the Dutch East Indies colonial government's radio networks and locally-owned private radio stations as political instruments for control and propaganda dissemination within the colony. Utilizing historical and archival research methods, this study identifies the Nederlandsch-Indische Radio Omroep Maatschappij (NIROM) as the sole government-sanctioned radio network following the enactment of the 1934 broadcasting legislation. Although under colonial ownership, NIROM incorporated Malay-language programming, initially intended as a strategic medium to neutralize nationalist movements. However, the medium underwent a functional shift as Indonesian youth co-opted radio to mobilize nationalist sentiment. This shift was propelled by the emergence of "Eastern broadcasts" (siaran ketimuran) managed entirely by indigenous youth, fostering a competitive environment between the state and local private entities. The findings demonstrate that radio served as a vital propaganda medium for independence, successfully subverting the constraints of colonial surveillance.
Marhaenisme sebagai Rekontekstualisasi Marxisme dalam Pemikiran Sukarno Muslim, Fauzian Aulia; Rochwulaningsih, Yety; Sudarsih, Sri
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 10, No 1 (2025): Sejarah Sosial, Praktik Budaya, dan Dinamika Kekuasaan
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v10i1.72404

Abstract

This study aims to analyze Marhaenism as an ideology of struggle for marginalized groups that emerged from a process of dialectical engagement and recontextualization of Sukarno’s thought in relation to Marxism within the Indonesian context. The research employs the historical method, consisting of heuristic research, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The findings demonstrate that Marhaenism adopts the concept of class analysis from Marxism, yet does not apply it in a dogmatic manner. Sukarno reflected on the material conditions of Indonesian society, which differed significantly from the European context, where the oppressed class largely consisted of proletarians who did not own the means of production. In contrast, oppressed classes in Indonesia encompassed a broad spectrum of social groups, ranging from those without means of production to small-scale owners of productive assets. Sukarno referred to this oppressed class as the “Marhaen,” which included peasants, fishermen, small traders, and workers. Through this process of recontextualization, Sukarno developed distinctive concepts such as the Marhaen social class, Socio-Nationalism, and Socio-Democracy as an ideological framework of struggle suited to Indonesia’s social realities. This study therefore argues that Marhaenism represents a creative adaptation of Marxism rooted in the historical and social conditions of Indonesian society, offering an alternative ideology of emancipation for marginalized groups beyond the framework of orthodox Marxism.
Contesting Colonial Hegemony: Education, Authority, and Resistance in Gorontalo in the Early 20th Century Apriyanto, Joni; Rochwulaningsih, Yety; Sulistiyono, Singgih Tri; Rinardi, Haryono
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 10, No 2 (2025): Sejarah Sosial-Budaya, Identitas, dan Resistensi
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v10i2.74730

Abstract

This study analyzes the dynamics of educational transformation from a traditional, religion-based system to modern colonial education in Gorontalo in the early twentieth century. The study focuses on the introduction of modern educational models by the Dutch East Indies colonial government and examines how these policies triggered resistance among local elites. Colonial educational transformation affected not only institutional structures but also generated epistemological conflicts, shifts in the authority of knowledge, and broader socio-cultural tensions within Gorontalo society. This study employs a historical method with a qualitative-analytical approach based on colonial archival sources and local materials. The findings show that colonial education was perceived as a hegemonic instrument aimed at producing indigenous bureaucratic elites loyal to colonial interests, while simultaneously threatening the continuity of religious authority, customary values, and the socio-political position of local elites. In this study, local elites primarily refer to religious elites, ulama, religious teachers, and Sufi order leaders, as well as hybrid actors who combined religious authority with administrative roles. Resistance was not expressed through passive rejection but through organized cultural and institutional strategies. From the early twentieth century onward, particularly with the establishment of madrasahs and halaqah in Limboto and Kota Barat in 1923, religious elites pioneered alternative Islamic educational institutions that emphasized Qur’anic studies, Arabic grammar (nahwu–ṣarf), and Islamic history. These institutions were strengthened by broader Islamic intellectual networks linking Gorontalo with Minangkabau and Java. Colonial archival sources also indicate widespread refusal by religious families to enroll their children in government schools.
Finding Love in The Pages of The Newspaper: An Analysis of The Kompas Contact Column in 1997 Mokoginta, Fatimah; Rochwulaningsih, Yety; Puguh, Dhanang Respati
Publikasi Berkala Pendidikan Ilmu Sosial Vol 6, No 1 (2026): PAKIS, March 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, ULM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/pakis.v6i1.18652

Abstract

The "Contact" column is a matchmaking agency through classified ads published in the Kompas daily since 1978. The existence of this column reveals that print media plays a role in shaping social interaction patterns and the representation of cultural values during the transition to modernity. This article uses historical methods by exploring this column to reveal how individuals display their identities, construct ideal partner images, and negotiate traditional and modern values. The analysis shows that although the "Contact" column offers a modern medium that allows for a more open matchmaking process, traditional values such as religious beliefs and ethnicity remain important elements in determining potential partners. At the same time, new criteria have emerged, such as education level, occupation, and economic status, which are influenced by educational quality. This study confirms that the practice of matchmaking through print media is a form of adaptation of tradition within a modern framework.
Ambon-Maluku Indigenous Knowledge About Tsunami in the Songs Air Turun Naik Di Hutumuri and Banjir Galala Nurislaminingsih, Rizki; Rochwulaningsih, Yety; Rizal, Edwin
Journal of Music Science, Technology, and Industry Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Institut Seni Indonesia Denpasar

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Abstract

Purpose: Tsunami often occurs in Ambon–Maluku so that people know its characteristics. Ambonese share knowledge about it with their social environment through songs. The songs that tell the story are Air Turun Naik di Hutumuri (Water Recedes and Gushes into the Air in Hutumuri) and Banjir Galala (Flood in Galala). This study aimed to explore the Ambonese indigenous knowledge about the tsunami implied in the songs. Method: This research is qualitative with a Content-Driven Document Analysis approach. Result and Discussion: The results showed that the themes of indigenous knowledge about the tsunami in Ambon were signs of nature, the way to self-rescue, and post-disaster situations. The sub-themes of natural signs were bamboo floating in the sea, low tide, and flocks of Talang birds flying around the village. The sub-theme of self-rescue was running to the mountains. The sub-themes of the post-disaster situation described washed away houses, flooding, and disappearing villages. Implication: The findings showed that people also knew other tsunami characteristics: earthquakes, rumbling sounds on the hills, giant black and white waves, loose beach sand, thousands of fish and rocks stranded in the village. Another finding was that the Maluku people's culture carried out activities to manage indigenous knowledge through songs and singing. In conclusion, the songs contain local wisdom about tsunami characteristics (before, during, and after the disaster) and self-rescue.