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All Journal Pharmed: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Medical Research Jurnal Kesmas dan Gizi (JKG) JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM) Jurnal Dunia Farmasi Jurnal Prima Medika Sains Stannum : Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia Jurnal Penelitian Farmasi dan Herbal Jurnal Pengmas Kestra (JPK) Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan
Sinurat, Jhon Patar
INSTITUT KESEHATAN MEDISTRA LUBUK PAKAM
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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ANALYSIS OF RHODAMIN-B CONTENTS IN CHILI SAUCE AROUND OF THE TANJUNG MORAWA TRADITIONAL MARKET WITH UV-VIS SPECTROPHOTOMETER Sinurat, Jhon Patar; Ayuningsari, Laras; Br Karo, Reh Malem
JURNAL KESMAS DAN GIZI (JKG) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Kesmas dan Gizi (JKG)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/jkg.v6i1.1956

Abstract

Current developments in food processing technology have made many food producers create variations in food products. Variations can include adding attractive food colorings so that consumers become enthusiastic. This good development is also disrupted because there are still some food producers who add synthetic food coloring which is not permitted to be used in food products. This happens because of a lack of knowledge and the desire of producers to make more profits, without thinking about the health impacts on the community. Synthetic dyes have a bad impact on human health, especially if they are not intended as food additives. Rhodamine-B is a synthetic dye that gives a bright red color to most cosmetic products. Rhodamine-B can irritate the gastric mucosa, eyes, skin, and respiratory tract, and trigger liver cancer. This type of research is quantitative using experimental methods in the laboratory. The samples tested were chili sauces with 5 different brands circulating in the Tanjung Morawa traditional market. Qualitative analysis using TLC was used to identify the presence of rhodamine-B in chili sauce. Comparative rhodamine-B levels and chili sauce were measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a maximum lambda of 545 nm. Chili sauces A, B, and D contain rhodamine-B dye as proven by TLC stains with Rf 0.92; 0.95; and 0.92. The linear regression equation obtained from the relationship between standard concentration and absorbance data is y = 0.0091x-0.009 with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9988. Rhodamine-B levels in each chili sauce A, B, and D include 0.548; 0.505; and 0.496 mg/g. Regulation Number 722/Menkes/Per/IX/88 emphasizes that rhodamine-B is not permitted in food products because it is dangerous for body health.
Analysis of Hydroquinone Compounds in Whitening Body Lotion Preparations Circulating in The Community Sinurat, Jhon Patar; Husna, Miftahul; Br Karo, Reh Malem; Syarifuddin, Aminah
JURNAL KESMAS DAN GIZI (JKG) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Kesmas dan Gizi (JKG)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/jkg.v6i2.2123

Abstract

Skin care has become an important part for today's women. Whitening body lotion is very necessary in maintaining skin when doing activities outside and indoors. Many Indonesian women desire to have white, clean and bright skin so they can appear attractive. An attractive appearance is very necessary in society. To achieve this, many women choose skin care products at affordable prices without paying attention to the dangers of the chemical content in them. One of the skin whitening ingredients that is often used in beauty products is the compound hydroquinone. The hydroquinone compound plays a role in preventing skin pigmentation. However, if the levels exceed 0.02% in the preparation, it will cause skin irritation, kidney function disorders and cancer. The type of research is a mixed type, namely qualitative and quantitative. Qualitatively, it will obtain data on the presence of hydroquinone and quantitatively in the form of hydroquinone levels. The samples were 5 whitening body lotion preparations circulating in Lubuk Pakam which were determined randomly and were coded A, B, C, D, and E. Qualitative analysis was carried out using the TLC method and quantitative analysis was carried out using the UV-spectrophotometric method. Visible. The results of qualitative analysis show that samples A, C, and D contain hydroquinone compounds which are characterized by the appearance of blackish brown spots with respective Rf values of 0.89; 0.96; and 0.89. Meanwhile, when qualitative analysis was carried out, the levels obtained for the three samples were 44.56% each; 5,604%; and 5,612%. Based on regulations issued by BPOM RI in 2022, it is stated that hydroquinone levels in beauty products must not exceed 0.02%. So it can be concluded that whitening body lotion preparations with sample codes A, C, and D are not recommended for use because the use limit for hydroquinone is classified as unsafe. It is recommended that people, especially women, be more selective in choosing and using beauty products.
Analisis Kandungan Pemanis Sakarin Dalam Minuman Serbuk Instan Di Sekitaran Lubuk Pakam Sinurat, Jhon Patar; Br Karo, Reh Malem; Telova, Yurizki; Rizki, Nadya
Pharmed: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Medical Research Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Madiun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/pharmed.v7i2.21925

Abstract

Minuman merupakan salah satu produk yang paling banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Minuman dengan cita rasa yang baik juga akan mampu menghilangkan rasa haus. Zat pemanis berperan dalam meningkatkan cita rasa dan aroma pada minuman. Pemanis buatan seperti sakarin menjadi salah satu jenis pemanis buatan yang diizinkan penggunaannya di Indonesia dengan ketentuan jumlah antara 0,005-0,03%. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang mana dapat menentukan keberadaan sakarin dalam produk minuman serbuk instan. Sampel merupakan 5 buah minuman serbuk instan yang beredar di lubuk pakam. Sampel diawali dengan proses preparasi, analisis kualitatif menggunakan resorsinol, dan penentuan kadar sakarin menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Visibel. Sampel minuman serbuk instan dengan kode C dan E terbukti mengandung pemanis sakarin saat diuji menggunakan resorsinol. Panjang gelombang maksimum 268 nm digunakan untuk mengukur absorbansi seri baku dengan rentang 0,2111 hingga 0,4437. Persamaan regresi linear yang diperoleh yaitu y = 0,006x + 0,093 dengan koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,9987. Kadar Sakarin dalam sampel C dan E adalah masing-masing sebesar 1,37% dan 0,72% yang mana jumlah ini melebihi ambang batas yang ditentukan oleh BPOM No. 11 Tahun 2019 yaitu sebesar 0.03% sehingga kurang baik untuk dikonsumsi.
Isolation and Structural Elucidation of Flavonoid Compounds from Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) Leaf Extract Cahya, Cucu Arum Dwi; Sinurat, Jhon Patar; Br Turnip, Nur Ulina M.; Br Karo, Reh Malem
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 7 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/jfm.v7i2.2667

Abstract

The exploration and utilization of herbal medicines continue to expand due to the presence of plant-derived secondary metabolites, which have been proven to prevent and treat various diseases with minimal side effects. One plant widely recognized for its medicinal properties is Physalis angulata L. (commonly known as ciplukan). Despite its frequent use in traditional medicine, particularly its leaves, limited studies have focused on the isolation of flavonoid compounds from this part of the plant. The isolation and structural elucidation of these flavonoids are essential to identify the bioactive compounds responsible for the plant's pharmacological effects. This study aimed to isolate and elucidate the chemical structure of flavonoid compounds from P. angulata leaf extract. The powdered leaves were subjected to maceration, solvent partitioning, phytochemical screening, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and compound isolation using column chromatography. The isolated compounds were then characterized using UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS). The flavonoid compound isolated in this study was identified as quercetin (C??H??O?), a member of the flavonol subclass. It exhibited a molecular mass of 302 g/mol and showed maximum absorbance at wavelengths of 372.5 nm and 305.5 nm. Spectroscopic analyses revealed the presence of functional groups including C–O, C=C, C=O, CH, and OH, as well as 10 hydrogen and 15 carbon atoms in the NMR spectra. Based on these data, the isolated compound was confirmed to be 3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone, commonly known as quercetin, with the molecular formula C??H??O?.
Community Education on the Benefits of Natural Antioxidants in Green Tea Leaf-Based Sunscreen Gel for Skin Protection Sinurat, Jhon Patar; Br Karo, Reh Malem
JURNAL PENGMAS KESTRA (JPK) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Pengmas Kestra (JPK)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (LP2M) Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/hnv6pq67

Abstract

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one of the key contributors to the deterioration of skin structure and function. Its harmful effects include premature aging, hyperpigmentation, and increased risk of skin cancer. One of the underlying mechanisms of this damage is the formation of free radicals, which trigger oxidative stress, compromise cellular integrity, and reduce the skin’s natural defense capacity. The use of skin protection products such as sunscreen serves as a preventive measure in daily skincare routines. This community service (PkM) activity was conducted through an interactive model of education and demonstration, aimed at enhancing public knowledge and awareness regarding the benefits of natural antioxidants available in sunscreen gel formulations derived from green tea leaf extract. The program was designed with an educational and participatory approach, in which the materials were delivered through theoretical explanations and simple practical demonstrations. The participants consisted of 25 individuals, both male and female, aged between 17 and 40 years, residing in the Lubuk Pakam area. The results of the activity showed a significant improvement in participants’ knowledge, with an average post-test score of 89.98 compared to a pre-test score of 56.05 indicating a substantial knowledge gain of 33.93 points, which falls into the "very high" category. This community outreach proved effective in increasing public understanding of the use of natural antioxidants in sunscreen products. Furthermore, participant satisfaction was remarkably high, with an average satisfaction rating of 96.4%, categorized as "Very Satisfied." In conclusion, this PkM activity successfully enhanced the participants’ knowledge regarding natural skin protection strategies, and participants expressed strong satisfaction with the implementation of the program.
Processing of Rice Straw (Oryza sativa) into Activated Carbon and Its Formulation in Facial Cleansing Soap Products Tampubolon, Regina Elianda; Wulandari, Suci; Sinurat, Jhon Patar; Br Karo, Reh Malem
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/cpmerg17

Abstract

Rice straw is an abundant agricultural by-product commonly used as livestock feed or burned as waste. It contains cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and silica, which can be processed into activated carbon capable of adsorbing impurities and excess oil from the skin. To date, the utilization of rice straw has been limited mainly to compost fertilizer and planting media. Meanwhile, facial cleansing soaps made from natural extracts, eco-friendly ingredients, and affordable materials are increasingly popular. The objective of this study was to produce activated carbon from rice straw and apply it in the formulation of a facial cleansing soap product.This research employed an experimental laboratory approach with a quantitative descriptive method to determine the effectiveness of rice straw–based activated carbon in facial soap formulations. The procedure began with the carbonization of rice straw powder, followed by characterization of the activated carbon through moisture content analysis, ash content test, and FT-IR functional group analysis. The liquid soap was formulated into three variations and evaluated for its quality through organoleptic observation, pH measurement, cleansing ability test, and oil adsorption test.The results showed that activated carbon derived from rice straw had a moisture content of 8.92%, ash content of 7.68%, and exhibited functional groups such as –OH, aliphatic C–H, aromatic C=C, aldehyde C=O, and alcohol C–O based on FT-IR analysis. The facial soap formulations containing rice straw–based activated carbon demonstrated safe pH values—F1 = 5.46, F2 = 6.04, and F3 = 6.8—and exhibited enhanced cleansing and oil-adsorbing properties, with the highest oil adsorption value reaching 86%. These findings indicate that activated carbon from rice straw can be effectively applied in the formulation of facial cleansing soap that is safe and beneficial for skin health.
Evaluation of Antidiabetic Potential (α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase Enzyme Inhibition Assay) of Mundu Leaf Extract [Garcinia dulcis (Roxb.) Kurz] Purba, Novandi; Br Turnip, Nur Ulina M.; Sinurat, Jhon Patar
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/nex3ag44

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that requires appropriate solutions for its management. To date, synthetic antidiabetic drugs frequently cause side effects in the body. The search for natural antidiabetic agents has therefore been carried out by exploring the potential of mundu leaves, which are considered safer as they originate from natural sources. Mundu leaves contain flavonoids, phenols, and tannins, which may act as natural antidiabetic agents due to their richness in hydroxyl and aromatic compounds. Antioxidant compounds play a role in protecting body cells from oxidative stress, which is strongly associated with diabetes. Several species from the Garcinia genus have been studied, but to date, no research has focused on the antidiabetic potential of mundu leaves. Through assays of mundu leaf extract in inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, as well as antioxidant tests, DM could potentially be better controlled, providing a reference for its use as a natural antidiabetic and antioxidant agent. Mundu leaves were prepared and macerated using ethanol as a solvent, followed by evaporation with a rotary evaporator. Phytochemical screening was conducted to detect the presence of active compounds. The inhibitory activity of mundu leaf extract against α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes was measured using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer to obtain absorbance values. The absorbance data were then used to determine the percentage of inhibition, allowing the calculation of IC50 values as a benchmark for antidiabetic activity. The results demonstrated that the mundu leaf extract exhibited antidiabetic properties, with IC50 values of 51.058 ppm and 33.004 ppm, categorized as strong and very strong, respectively.
Formulation and Stability Evaluation of Antioxidant Sunscreen Gel Containing Green Tea Leaf (Camellia sinensis) Extract Using the DPPH Method Sinurat, Jhon Patar; Fitria, Zahara; Br Karo, Reh Malem; Syarifuddin, Shofian
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/f66vym74

Abstract

Sunscreen formulations are designed to protect the skin from exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation; however, excessive use of synthetic ingredients may lead to adverse effects on the skin. The utilization of natural ingredients as alternatives has gained increasing attention, one of which is green tea leaves (Camellia sinensis), known for their rich antioxidant content. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate the stability and antioxidant activity of a sunscreen gel based on green tea leaf extract. This research was a laboratory-based experimental study employing a quantitative approach with a post-test only control group design. The gel formulations were prepared in four variations of extract concentration, namely 0% (F0), 5% (F1), 10% (F2), and 15% (F3). The preparations were then evaluated for physical characteristics, irritation potential, and antioxidant activity using the DPPH method. The results showed that 392 g of extract was obtained from 3.8 kg of dried simplicia, yielding a 10.32% extraction yield. Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids. All formulations exhibited a semi-solid form, good homogeneity, and stable pH values ranging from 6.0 to 6.3, which are compatible with skin pH. Furthermore, no irritation reactions were observed among the 12 volunteers. Antioxidant activity increased with higher extract concentrations, with IC₅₀ values of 28.86 ppm (F0), 22.11 ppm (F1), 21.25 ppm (F2), and 20.72 ppm (F3). In addition, the percentage of inhibition for F0–F3 also showed an increasing trend, namely 8.24–17.50%, 15.79–26.28%, 13.30–24.89%, and 14.82–26.25%, respectively. In conclusion, green tea leaf extract demonstrates strong potential as an active ingredient in sunscreen gel formulations that are safe, stable, and possess significant antioxidant activity.
Co-Authors Ayuningsari, Laras Berutu, Rinaldo Br Turnip, Nur Ulina M. Cahya, Cucu Arum Dwi Fahma Shufyani Fibrini, Dewi Fioni, Fioni Fitria, Zahara Ginting, Wira Maria Harahap, Rahmat Ali Putra Husna, Miftahul Khairunnisa Batubara Margaretta Olivia Br Manik Purba, Novandi Putranto Manalu Reh Malem Br Karo Reh Malem br Karo Reh Malem Br Karo Reh Malem br Karo Rinaldo Berutu Rinaldo Berutu Rinaldo Berutu Rizki, Nadya Romaulianna Theresia Marbun SAADAH SIREGAR Sirait, Reni Aprinawaty Suci Wulandari Syarifuddin, Aminah Syarifuddin, Shofian Tampubolon, Regina Elianda Telova, Yurizki Visensius Krisdianilo Yanna Rotua Sihombing Yanti, Dian Anggri