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KUALITAS SPERMATOZOA DAN BERAT ORGAN REPRODUKSI MENCIT (Mus musculus) SETELAH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK BIJI KLABET (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Maulidya Rosa Putri Utama; Dwi Ariani Yulihastuti; Sang Ketut Sudirga
SIMBIOSIS Simbiosis Volume 12 No. 1 2024
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JSIMBIOSIS.2024.v12.i01.p04

Indonesia is one of the countries known to have the highest biodiversity in the world. There are 18 types of herbs that have the potential as antifertility in men, one of which is the klabet plant or fenugreek. Klabet is believed by ordinary people to have properties to increase the production and quality of spermatozoa. According to previous research klabet has toxic effects that can inhibit fertility due to the content of phytochemicals in it. This study aims to determine the effect of fenugreek seed extract on the quality of spermatozoa and the weight of the reproductive organs of mice. The mice used were 20 male mice weighing about 25-30 grams divided into 4 treatments namely control (P0), 56 mg/kgBB (P1), 112 mg/kgBB (P2), 168 mg/kgBB (P3) with 5 repetitions. Giving treatment for 24 days. The method used is RAL (Complete Randomized Design) and the resulting data is analyzed using ANOVA. The parameters studied were testicular weight, epididymis weight, motility, morphology and number of male mouse spermatozoa. The results showed that there was a real difference (p≤0.05) between the control and treatment of the klabet seed extract on the quality of spermatozoa and the weight of the testicle but not significantly different (p≥0.05) to the weight of the epididyimis. Concentration of mice spermatozoa decreased by 10.60%, progressive spermatozoa motility decreased by 55.61%, nomal morphology decreased by 57.92%, while testicular weight decreased by 38.46%. The most effective dose of fenugreek seed extract used as an antifertility agent was a dose of 168 mg/kgBW (P3).

DIVERSITAS ODONATA DI KAWASAN EKOWISATA SUBAK SEMBUNG, DENPASAR UTARA Ni Luh Putu Nadia Febryanti; Ni Made Suartini; Sang Ketut Sudirga
SIMBIOSIS Simbiosis Volume 13 No. 1 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Biologi Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JSIMBIOSIS.2025.v13.i08.

The Odonata order comprises two suborders: dragonflies (Suborder Anisoptera) and damselflies (Suborder Zygoptera). This research aim to detect the species and level of diversity of Odonata present in the Subak Sembung Ecotourism Area, located in the northern region of Denpasar. The research was carried out in June until July 2024 using an exploratory method at three observation points in different Odonata habitats. Each habitat was explored in the morning from 08.00 to 11.00 WITA and in the afternoon from 15.00 to 17.00 WITA. Sampling was repeated three times. Odonata samples obtained from the three habitats were then identified through the observation of morphological characteristics. Enviromental factors were measured at each point and sampling, including altitude, air temperature and humidity. Based on the results of the research carried out six spesies of Odonata were found, namely Ischnura senegalensis, Agriocnemis femina, Agriocnemis pygmaea, Pseudagrion pruinosum, Orthetrum sabina and Crocothemis servillia. Odonata data from three different habitats were calculated by diversity index, which was categorized as moderate in the kale habitat with a value of 1,36, while the water henna habitat and rice habitat were categorized as low with values of 0,55 and 0,79. Keyword: Dragonflies, ecotourism, diversity, Odonata, Subak Sembung

Efektifitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun dan Biji Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica) dari Pulau Timor NTT dalam Menghambat Bakteri Salmonella typhi Felisitas Meli Podhi; Retno Kawuri; Sang Ketut Sudirga
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol. 11 No. 01 (2024)
Publisher : Program Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2024.v11.i01.p12

Pisang merupakan pangan lokal yang mengandung karbohidrat, lemak, dan protein yang tinggi dalam mencukupi kebutuhan nutrisi berpotensi memperbaiki metabolism tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi gambaran histologi hati dan penambahan berat badan pada tikus model malnutrisi setelah pemberian tepung pisang. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, menggunakan tikus jantan (strain wistar), umur 7 minggu, rerata berat badan 120 g sejumlah 24 ekor. Kelompok perlakuan diantaranya; K- (pakan standar), K+ (pakan nasi aking), M+P0 (pakan standar), M+P1 (pakan 100% tepung pisang), M+P2 (pakan 75% tepung pisang +25% pakan standar), M+P3 (pakan 50% tepung pisang + 50% standar). Kelompok perlakuan K+ sampai perlakuan M+P3 dibuat malnutrisi dengan diberi nasi aking. Kelompok K- diberi pakan standar selama 11 minggu. Pengukuran berat badan dilakukan setiap minggu untuk masing- masing perlakuan. Setelah 11 minggu, tikus dikorbankan. Organ hati dikoleksi kemudian dibuat mikroanatomi dengan pewarnaan Hematoxylin-Eosin. Parameter kerusakan hati dideteksi melalui jumlah sel nekrosis, degenerasi hidropik, dan apoptosis pada 100 sel yang diamati. Hasil penelitian pemberian tepung pisang pada perlakuan M+P3 dapat menurunkan jumlah kerusakan sel nekrosis (p<0,05). Kombinasi pakan 50% tepung pisang dan 50% pakan standar dapat mempercepat regenerasi, menurunkan jumlah kerusakan sel, dan menghasilkan peningkatan berat badan secara signifikan (p<0,05).

Potensi Ekstrak Daun Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii Blume.) dalam Menghambat Fusarium spp. Penyebab Penyaki Busuk Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Kadek Dian Lila Sawitri Kumala; Sang Ketut Sudirga; Made Ria Defiani
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Program Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2024.v11.i02.p5

Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) merupakan komoditas produk pertanian yang berasal dari sub sektor perkebunan. Hasil produksi biji kering kakao memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi sebagai sumber devisa negara. Permintaan biji kering kakao semakin meningkat sedangkan produksi semakin menurun. Penurunan produktivitas terjadi akibat infeksi jamur patogen menyebabkan busuk buah. Salah satu jamur patogen penyebab busuk buah yaitu Fusarium spp. Pengendalian infeksi yang disebabkan jamur patogen saat ini menggunakan pestisida sintetis. Penggunaan pestisida sintetis berlebihan menunjukkan dampak negatif bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Untuk mengurangi penggunaan pestisida sintetis, dilakukan pengendalian dengan memanfaatkan fungisida nabati, salah satu tanaman yang dapat digunakan yaitu kayu manis. Kayu manis dapat digunakan sebagai biofungisida, dengan memanfaatkan metabolit sekundernya. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengidentifikasi jenis jamur patogen penyebab busuk buah kakao secara makroskopis, dan mikroskopis, mengetahui potensi, MIC dan konsentrasi efektif ekstrak metanol daun kayu manis dalam menghambat jamur patogen secara in vitro. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi makroskopis dan mikroskopis, jenis jamur patogen penyebab penyakit busuk buah kakao adalah Fusarium spp. Hasil uji daya hambat ekstrak metanol daun kayu manis dengan metode sumur difusi diperoleh zona hambat sebesar 23 mm, dengan nilai MIC 0,2% sebesar 6,63 mm dan konsentrasi efektif 5% sebesar 20,03 mm.

Efektifitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun dan Biji Asam Jawa (Tamarindus indica) dari Pulau Timor NTT dalam Menghambat Bakteri Salmonella typhi Felisitas Meli Podhi; Retno Kawuri; Sang Ketut Sudirga
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol. 11 No. 01 (2024)
Publisher : Program Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2024.v11.i01.p12

Pisang merupakan pangan lokal yang mengandung karbohidrat, lemak, dan protein yang tinggi dalam mencukupi kebutuhan nutrisi berpotensi memperbaiki metabolism tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi gambaran histologi hati dan penambahan berat badan pada tikus model malnutrisi setelah pemberian tepung pisang. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, menggunakan tikus jantan (strain wistar), umur 7 minggu, rerata berat badan 120 g sejumlah 24 ekor. Kelompok perlakuan diantaranya; K- (pakan standar), K+ (pakan nasi aking), M+P0 (pakan standar), M+P1 (pakan 100% tepung pisang), M+P2 (pakan 75% tepung pisang +25% pakan standar), M+P3 (pakan 50% tepung pisang + 50% standar). Kelompok perlakuan K+ sampai perlakuan M+P3 dibuat malnutrisi dengan diberi nasi aking. Kelompok K- diberi pakan standar selama 11 minggu. Pengukuran berat badan dilakukan setiap minggu untuk masing- masing perlakuan. Setelah 11 minggu, tikus dikorbankan. Organ hati dikoleksi kemudian dibuat mikroanatomi dengan pewarnaan Hematoxylin-Eosin. Parameter kerusakan hati dideteksi melalui jumlah sel nekrosis, degenerasi hidropik, dan apoptosis pada 100 sel yang diamati. Hasil penelitian pemberian tepung pisang pada perlakuan M+P3 dapat menurunkan jumlah kerusakan sel nekrosis (p<0,05). Kombinasi pakan 50% tepung pisang dan 50% pakan standar dapat mempercepat regenerasi, menurunkan jumlah kerusakan sel, dan menghasilkan peningkatan berat badan secara signifikan (p<0,05).

Potensi Ekstrak Daun Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii Blume.) dalam Menghambat Fusarium spp. Penyebab Penyaki Busuk Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Kadek Dian Lila Sawitri Kumala; Sang Ketut Sudirga; Made Ria Defiani
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Program Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa.2024.v11.i02.p5

Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) merupakan komoditas produk pertanian yang berasal dari sub sektor perkebunan. Hasil produksi biji kering kakao memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi sebagai sumber devisa negara. Permintaan biji kering kakao semakin meningkat sedangkan produksi semakin menurun. Penurunan produktivitas terjadi akibat infeksi jamur patogen menyebabkan busuk buah. Salah satu jamur patogen penyebab busuk buah yaitu Fusarium spp. Pengendalian infeksi yang disebabkan jamur patogen saat ini menggunakan pestisida sintetis. Penggunaan pestisida sintetis berlebihan menunjukkan dampak negatif bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Untuk mengurangi penggunaan pestisida sintetis, dilakukan pengendalian dengan memanfaatkan fungisida nabati, salah satu tanaman yang dapat digunakan yaitu kayu manis. Kayu manis dapat digunakan sebagai biofungisida, dengan memanfaatkan metabolit sekundernya. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengidentifikasi jenis jamur patogen penyebab busuk buah kakao secara makroskopis, dan mikroskopis, mengetahui potensi, MIC dan konsentrasi efektif ekstrak metanol daun kayu manis dalam menghambat jamur patogen secara in vitro. Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi makroskopis dan mikroskopis, jenis jamur patogen penyebab penyakit busuk buah kakao adalah Fusarium spp. Hasil uji daya hambat ekstrak metanol daun kayu manis dengan metode sumur difusi diperoleh zona hambat sebesar 23 mm, dengan nilai MIC 0,2% sebesar 6,63 mm dan konsentrasi efektif 5% sebesar 20,03 mm.

Uji Efektivitas Antibiotik Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus sureus dan Escherichia coli secara In Vitro Sang Ayu Bulan Dirga Pradnyani; Risma Ikawaty; Sajuni Widjaja; Sang Ketut Sudirga
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Program Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa. 2026.v13.i01.p3

Bacterial infections caused by S. aureus and E. coli remain a major global health problem. Irrational antibiotic use has accelerated antimicrobial resistance, prompting the search for alternative antibacterial agents derived from natural products. Cinnamon leaves (Cinnamomum burmannii) contain various secondary metabolites with potential antibacterial activity. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanolic cinnamon leaf extract against S. aureus and E. coli in vitro and to determine the most effective extract concentration. This laboratory-based true experimental study employed a post-test only control group design. Cinnamon leaf extract was prepared by maceration using 96% ethanol. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the well diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar at extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Ciprofloxacin served as the positive control, while 96% ethanol was used as the negative control. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity testing (DPPH method) were also performed. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Duncan post-hoc test. Result : Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and phenolic compounds, with phenols as the dominant constituents. The extract exhibited moderate antioxidant activity based on IC₅₀ values. Antibacterial testing demonstrated that ethanolic cinnamon leaf extract inhibited the growth of both S. aureus and E. coli, with inhibition zones increasing in a concentration-dependent manner. The 75% concentration demonstrated optimal inhibitory activity, with no statistically significant difference compared to the 100% concentration (p > 0.05). Ethanolic cinnamon leaf extract (Cinnamomum burmannii) shows promising antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli in vitro, indicating its potential as a natural antibacterial agent.

Uji Efektivitas Antibiotik Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus sureus dan Escherichia coli secara In Vitro Sang Ayu Bulan Dirga Pradnyani; Risma Ikawaty; Sajuni Widjaja; Sang Ketut Sudirga
Metamorfosa: Journal of Biological Sciences Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Program Magister Ilmu Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/metamorfosa. 2026.v13.i01.p3

Bacterial infections caused by S. aureus and E. coli remain a major global health problem. Irrational antibiotic use has accelerated antimicrobial resistance, prompting the search for alternative antibacterial agents derived from natural products. Cinnamon leaves (Cinnamomum burmannii) contain various secondary metabolites with potential antibacterial activity. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanolic cinnamon leaf extract against S. aureus and E. coli in vitro and to determine the most effective extract concentration. This laboratory-based true experimental study employed a post-test only control group design. Cinnamon leaf extract was prepared by maceration using 96% ethanol. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the well diffusion method on Mueller Hinton Agar at extract concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. Ciprofloxacin served as the positive control, while 96% ethanol was used as the negative control. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity testing (DPPH method) were also performed. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Duncan post-hoc test. Result : Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and phenolic compounds, with phenols as the dominant constituents. The extract exhibited moderate antioxidant activity based on IC₅₀ values. Antibacterial testing demonstrated that ethanolic cinnamon leaf extract inhibited the growth of both S. aureus and E. coli, with inhibition zones increasing in a concentration-dependent manner. The 75% concentration demonstrated optimal inhibitory activity, with no statistically significant difference compared to the 100% concentration (p > 0.05). Ethanolic cinnamon leaf extract (Cinnamomum burmannii) shows promising antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli in vitro, indicating its potential as a natural antibacterial agent.

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