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Mukhlishah, Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul
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Resveratrol: A Potential Active Compound for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Saraswati, Ni Wayan Citra Ayu; Nugraha, Gede Rama Hardy; Retnaningsih, Ekawaty; Afifah, Fiza; Firdaus, Silmi; Mutia, Baiq Marceliya Anjani; Mukhlishah, Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7303

Abstract

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic intestinal disorder consisting of Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). The highest prevalence of IBD is found in Asia and the cases often occur in the 15-35 group of age. Conventional therapy options that are commonly used have some side effects that impact IBD patients. Therefore, it is necessary to look for new strategies in order to treat IBD regarding their effectiveness, affordability and achieving minimum side effects. Resveratrol, a natural non-flavonoid polyphenolic compound, is commonly found in grapes and various types of berries. It is known to potentially overcome inflammation in IBD through various mechanisms including acting as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory effects, and its ability to influence the gut microbiota. This study is aiming for explaining and reviewing further mainly on resveratrol’s extraction method and its mechanism of actions to improve IBD. The resources for this study are done by searching through PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, MDPI, and Google Scholar with keywords (Inflammatory Bowel Disease) AND (Resveratrol), ⁠(Incidence and Prevalence) of Inflammatory Bowel Disease across Asia, (Threat) AND (Therapy) AND (Inflammatory Bowel Disease), (Bioactive) AND (Therapy) AND (Inflammatory Bowel Disease), (Extraction) AND (Method) AND (Resveratrol), and (Pathophysiology) AND (Inflammatory Bowel Disease). Based on evidence found on resveratrol’s benefits, this compound is apparently promising to alternatively treat IBD, but still needs more research to support its effectiveness.
Standardization of Specific and Non-Specific Parameters of Methanol Extract from Poinsettia Red Leaves (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd.) Abdillah, Lalu Khairi; Hanifa, Nisa Isneni; Mukhlishah, Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul; Hidayati, Agriana Rosmalina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 3 (2024): July - September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i3.7412

Abstract

The poinsettia red leaves (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd.) have the potential as antibacterial and antioxidant agents and are widely utilized by the community for wound healing purposes. This research aims to determine the specific and non-specific parameter values of methanol extract from poinsettia red leaves. Samples of poinsettia red leaves were processed into extracts using the maceration method with 96% methanol as the solvent. The extract was standardized by determining specific and non-specific parameters. The test result data were analyzed descriptively in both qualitative and quantitative manners. The standardization results of specific parameters showed the identity of the extract as methanol extract of poinsettia red leaves, with organoleptic properties of a thick greenish-black extract, distinctive poinsettia aroma, and bitter taste. The water-soluble compound content was 51,47% ± 0,437 and ethanol-soluble 61,22% ± 0,117. Results for non-specific parameters indicated drying loss of 12,50% ± 0,419, moisture content of 12,62% ± 0,173, total ash content of 5,25% ± 0,538, acid-insoluble ash of 0,34% ± 0,048, residual solvent 0,00% ± 0,000, total plate count was TFTC (Too Few To Count), and mold and yeast count was 1,5 x 104 colonies/g sample. This research can serve as a reference for determining specific and non-specific parameters of methanol extract from poinsettia red leaves.
Effect of Solvent Extraction on Yield and Phytochemical Screening of Kedondong (Spondias dulcis) Leaf Extracts Zahra, Nisrina; Mukhlishah, Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul; Hidayati, Agriana Rosmalina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7465

Abstract

Kedondong (Spondias dulcis) is empirically used as a cough medicine, skin pain, burns, and antimicrobials. in addition, the people of Kembang Paseban Village, Mersam Subdistrict, Batanghari District, Jambi Province use kedondong leaves as a barut medicine (birth patch medicine). The pharmacological activity of kedondong leaf extract is as a wound healer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antipyretic, and as a larvicide. The yield value greatly affects the amount of bioactive content contained in the extract and can affect the results of phytochemical screening. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of solvent comparison on yield and phytochemical screening of ethyl acetate extract of kedondong leaves. The method used in this study was sonication with a solvent ratio of 1:5 and 1:10, the temperature and time used were 35oC and 30 minutes. The results obtained in the ratio of 1:5 obtained a higher % yield of 5.53% compared to the solvent ratio of 1:10 of 4.67%. While the metabolite compounds identified from ethyl acetate extract are flavonoids and alkaloids.
Antibacterial Activity of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Centella asiatica by Soxhletation Extraction Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Anggraeni, Baiq Annisa Ulfi; Mukhlishah, Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul; Rosyunita, Rosyunita
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 1b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i1b.8075

Abstract

Treatment of P. aeruginosa infection often involves antibiotics but these bacteria can develop resistance. An alternative strategy is developing drugs from natural ingredients such as gotu kola herb (Centella asiatica) which contains potential antibacterial secondary metabolites. This study aims to test the antibacterial activity of the ethyl acetate fraction of C. asiatica extracted by the soxhletation method against clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and identify the secondary metabolites. The research used laboratory experiment using the disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer) in vitro. It includes 3 treatment groups with concentrations of 5.000 ppm, 7.500 ppm, and 10.000 ppm and 2 control groups: positive (colistin) and negative (DMSO 10%). The diameter of the inhibition zone served as an indicator of activity, and each group was reproduced five times. The biggest inhibitory zone diameter, with an average of 3 mm, was formed by the C. asiatica ethyl acetate fraction at a concentration of 7.500 ppm, according to the results. Secondary metabolites such triterpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolics were detected by phytochemical analyses. The ethyl acetate fraction of C. asiatica exhibited antibacterial activity against clinical isolate P. aeruginosa, as demonstrated by the significant difference between all concentration series with the positive control in the Mann-Whitney post-hoc test results.
Comparison of Anti-Bacterial Activity of Methanol Extract and Non-Polar Fraction of Macroalgae Sargassum sp. Wibowo, Adi Tri; Widyastuti, Sri; Prasedya, Eka Sunarwidhi; Mukhlishah, Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul; Pangestu, Kukuh Waseso Jati; Sunarwidhi, Anggit Listyacahyani
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10522

Abstract

Sargassum sp. is an abundant source of bioactive non-polar compounds, however their anti-bacterial potential remains understudied. This study aimed to compare the anti-bacterial activity between the methanol extract and non-polar fraction of Sargassum sp. Extraction was performed using sonication with methanol, followed by partition with petroleum ether and fractionation on silica gel G60 using n-hexane:ethyl acetate (9:1). FTIR analysis characterized the functional groups, while anti-bacterial evaluation was performed using the disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus. Data were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA. FTIR spectrum of the methanol extract showed absorption bands corresponding to non-polar compounds. In the non-polar fraction, the bands were more dominant, suggesting a higher content of non-polar compounds. Anti-bacterial evaluation of Sargassum sp., methanol extract and non-polar fraction exhibited inhibitory effects against S. aureus. The non-polar fraction produced a larger inhibition zone compared to the methanol extract, indicating stronger anti-bacterial activity and significant difference between the two samples (p<0.05). The results of this study showed that the non-polar fraction of Sargassum sp. methanol extract has higher anti-bacterial activity compared to the extract. Further studies are recommended to elucidate the individual bioactive compounds and identify their anti-bacterial mechanisms.
KAJIAN LITERATUR : PERAN ETNOMEDISIN DALAM TERAPI HIPERTENSI DI INDONESIA Meizora, Caterine; Mukhlishah, Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul
Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai Vol. 5 No. 4 (2024): DESEMBER 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jkt.v5i4.37593

Abstract

Hipertensi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan utama yang dihadapi masyarakat Indonesia, dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat seiring berjalannya waktu. Fenomena ini semakin diperburuk oleh terbatasnya akses terhadap layanan kesehatan modern, khususnya di daerah-daerah terpencil. Sebagai respon terhadap tantangan ini, etnomedisin atau pengobatan tradisional berbasis kearifan lokal telah berkembang menjadi alternatif pengobatan hipertensi yang signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memulai peran etnomedisin dalam terapi hipertensi di Indonesia melalui kajian literatur yang melibatkan berbagai sumber yang relevan. Pencarian data dilakukan dengan menggunakan database Google Scholar dengan batasan publikasi yang mencakup periode antara tahun 2018 hingga 2024. Setelah dilakukan proses telaah terhadap artikel-artikel yang relevan, ditemukan  hasil bahwa terdapat 26 famili tanaman yang digunakan dalam praktik etnomedisin untuk pengobatan hipertensi. Beberapa tanaman tersebut memiliki nilai penting yang bervariasi, dengan tanaman yang memiliki nilai penting tertinggi adalah Averrhoa bilimbi L. (belimbing wulAllium sativum L. (bawang putih), dan Physalis angulata L. (pultak-pultak), dengan nilai penting masing-masing 0.017 hingga 1.98, 1.82 hingga 1.91, dan 1.53. dari 26 famili tersebut semua bagian tumbuhan digunakan, namun daun merupakan bagian yang paling umum dimanfaatkan di Indonesia karena menyimpan banyak metabolit sekunder yang membantu menurunkan tekanan darah, proses pengaplikasian tanaman obat paling sering dengan dikonsumsi oral dengan melalui proses perebusan.
POTENSI PEGAGAN (CENTELLA ASIATICA) SEBAGAI ANTIKANKER SECARA IN VITRO Rahmatullah, Lalu Mas'ud; Mukhlishah, Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul
Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai Vol. 5 No. 4 (2024): DESEMBER 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jkt.v5i4.38158

Abstract

Kanker merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan karena sel-sel di dalam tubuh membelah secara tidak terkendali. Kemoterapi dengan menggunakan obat konvensional merupakan salah satu cara yang biasa digunakan untuk mengobati kanker. Akan tetapi, kemoterapi dapat menimbulkan efek negatif dan penggunaan yang berkepanjangan dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya resistensi obat. Oleh karena itu, perlu dikembangkan agen antikanker baru yang berasal dari alam dengan efek yang lebih efektif dan efek toksik yang minimal. Centella asiatica merupakan salah satu tumbuhan yang telah terbukti memiliki aktivitas sebagai antikanker dengan kandungan metabolit sekundernya, seperti asam asiatik, asam medacasside, turunan glikosida ester triterpen berupa asiaticoside, sceffloleoside, dan madecassoid. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi Centella asiatica sebagai antikanker secara in vitro yang diharapkan dapat berguna dalam pengembangan obat herbal. Metode yang digunakan untuk menyusun artikel ini adalah dengan melakukan literatur review terkait dengan pemanfaatan pegagan sebagai antikanker. Review dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan data penelitian yang tersedia dalam Google Scholar, PubMed, dan Science Direct dengan menggunakan kata kunci yang sesuai. Artikel kemudian dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa Centella asiatica dapat berperan sebagai antikanker usus besar, mulut, payudara, ovarium, nasofaring, lambung, paru-paru, dan tulang (osteosarkoma) karena kemampuannya yang dapat menghambat viabilitas atau kemampuan sel kanker untuk hidup, tumbuh, dan berkembang melalui modulasi enzim, faktor pertumbuhan, faktor transkripsi, protein apoptosis, dan jalur pensinyalan yang pada akhirnya memicu apoptosis dan penghambatan proliferasi sel-sel kanker. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Centella asiatica telah terbukti mampu menjadi bahan baku yang potensial dalam pengembangan obat herbal untuk mengatasi kanker.
AKTIVITAS ANTIMIKROBA PEGAGAN (CENTELLA ASIATICA) SECARA IN VITRO : LITERATURE REVIEW Putri, Latifa Rahma; Mukhlishah, Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul
Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai Vol. 5 No. 4 (2024): DESEMBER 2024
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jkt.v5i4.38165

Abstract

Infeksi mikroba telah menjadi ancaman besar bagi kesehatan masyarakat karena dapat menurunkan sistem kekebalan tubuh. Infeksi mikroba adalah gangguan yang disebabkan oleh bakteri yang menginfeksi tubuh. Terapi umum yang digunakan untuk pengobatan infeksi mikroba adalah antimikroba. Salah satu alternatif pengobatan yang dapat digunakan adalah produk alami dari tanaman obat. Tanaman obat memiliki keunggulan diantaranya adalah harga terjangkau, mudah ditemukan, memiliki khasiat, dan efek samping yang minimal. Pegagan (Centella asiatica) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang digunakan secara tradisional untuk mengobati penyakit infeksi akibat mikroba. Berbagai penelitian sebelumnya telah melaporkan bahwa pegagan memiliki aktivitas antimikroba melalui pengujian secara in vitro terhadap beberapa mikroba seperti Bacillus cereus, serovar Typhimurium, Aspergillus niger dan lainnya. Review ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi pegagan sebagai antimikroba secara in vitro yang diharapkan bermanfaat dalam pengembangan obat berbasis bahan alam. Metode yang digunakan dalam penyusunan literature review ini adalah dengan melakukan pencarian dan pengumpulan artikel penelitian terkait aktivitas pegagan sebagai antimikroba pada basis data yang tersedia yaitu Google Scholar dan Pubmed dengan memasukkan kata kunci “Centella asiatica”, “pegagan”, “antimicrobial”, “antimikroba”, dan “in vitro” lalu dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pegagan memiliki aktivitas sebagai antimikroba. Hal ini dapat diamati pada data artikel penelitian yang melakukan pengujian in vitro. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pegagan memiliki aktivitas sebagai agen antimikroba terhadap beberapa bakteri seperti Aspergillus niger, Bacillus subtilis, E. coli, S. typhi, S. aureus, B. subtilis, S. sonnei dan lainnya. Oleh karena itu, pegagan dapat menjadi solusi alternatif pengembangan agen antimikroba berbahan alam.
Determination of total flavonoid content of extract and fractions of mangrove leaves (Avicennia marina) Annas, Zulfiana Fitrianingrum; Muliasari, Handa; Deccati, Rizqa Fersiyana; Permatasari, Lina; Mukhlishah, Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul
Jurnal Agrotek Ummat Vol 10, No 3 (2023): Jurnal Agrotek Ummat
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jau.v10i3.16596

Abstract

Mangrove plants (Avicennia marina) come from the Avicenniaceae family. The leaves have antioxidant, antiviral and antibacterial activity caused by the content of secondary metabolites in mangrove leaves in the form of flavonoid compounds. Research on the total flavonoid content of 96% ethanol extract and the water, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane fractions of A. marina leaves has never been carried out. The aim of this study was to determine the total flavonoid content in extracts and fractions of A. marina mangrove leaves by UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. Extraction was carried out using 96% ethanol solvent by sonication method, then fractionation was carried out using the liquid-liquid fractionation method. The extracts and fractions obtained for their secondary metabolites were identified by test tube and thin layer chromatography and then the total flavonoid content was determined by the colorimetric method. Mangrove leaf extracts and fractions contain secondary metabolites of flavonoids, phenolics, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, and alkaloids. The results of thin layer chromatography confirmed the results of the tube test that mangrove leaf extracts and fractions contained flavonoid compounds. Total flavonoid content in 96% ethanol extract, water fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and n-hexane fraction of A. marina mangrove leaves were 19.37; 3.07; 11.30; and 56.62 mg quercetin equivalent/gram sample. In conclusion, the total flavonoid content of A. marina leaves was high, thus supporting its activity as an antioxidant.
Co-Authors Abdillah, Lalu Khairi Afifah, Fiza Alhidayah, Nachwa Humaira Anggraeni, Baiq Annisa Ulfi Annas, Zulfiana Fitrianingrum Atri Sri Ulandari Bayani, Faizul Candra Eka Puspitasari Christian, Samuel Eza Cokorda Istri Widya Utamiswari Dania, Desnita Nindy Putri Deccati, Rizqa Fersiyana Depi Yuliana Dwi Monika Ningrum Firdaus, Silmi Fitriana, Nur Fadila Haryanto, Dedent Eka Bimma Hidayati, Agriana Rosmalina Indra Purnomo Indriani, Zulfia Ika Istri Widya Utamiswari, Cokorda Meizora, Caterine Muliasari, Handa Mutia, Baiq Marceliya Anjani Nining Sugihartini Nisa Isneni Hanifa Nugraha, Gede Rama Hardy Nuratni, Ni Made Pangestu, Kukuh Waseso Jati Permana, Denih agus Setia Permatasari, Lina Prasedya, Eka Sunarwidhi Putri, Baiq Ayu Wulan Maharani Putri, Latifa Rahma Rahmatullah, Lalu Mas'ud Ramdaniah, Putri Retnaningsih, Ekawaty Rosyunita, Rosyunita Saraswati, Ni Wayan Citra Ayu Sri Widyastuti Sunarwidhi, Anggit Listyacahyani Tedjo Yuwono Wibowo, Adi Tri Wikandari, Deasi Windah Anugrah Subaidah Yuliana, Depi Zahra, Nisrina