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The Effect of Insect Flour on The Growth Media of Beauveria bassiana in Controlling the Pupa Stage of Bactrocera carambolae Choerunnisa, Agustya Salma; Rahmadhini, Noni; Windriyanti, Wiwin
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 9 No 3 (2025): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jbes/17713

Abstract

Background: One effective method for controlling Bactrocera carambolae is the use of Beauveria bassiana. However, a common challenge is the decline in the conidial quality and virulence due to the lack of chitin and protein sources. The insect Tenebrio mollitor and the pupal casings of Hermetia illucens are rich in chitin and have the potential to enhance the growth medium. Methods: The study used RAKF consisting of 3 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was the Type of Flour (T) consisting of T1: T. mollitor and T2: H. illucens. The second factor was Flour Concentration (K), which consisted of K1: 0.5% K2: 1% and K3: 1.5%. The third factor was Drying Temperature (S), of S1: 1000C S2: 1100C and S3: 1200C. Results: The results of the study show that the treatment caused symptoms of infection in the form of mycelium growth on the pupal cuticle and abnormalities in the emergence imago. The best combination is T2K2S2 (1% H. illucens flour at 1100C) which gives a mortality rate up to 76.7%, pupal duration of 9.3 days, and viability rate of 92.2%. Conclusions: The combination of H. illucens flour at a concentration of 1% and a drying temperature of 1100C is quite effective in increasing the ability of B. bassiana in controlling B. carambolae pupae in vitro.
Production and Characterization of Nanoparticles from Citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) Extract Based on Chitosan Compounds Damayanti, Alfa Dirsista; Rahmadhini, Noni; Kusuma, Ramadhani Mahendra
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 9 No 3 (2025): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/jbes/18769

Abstract

Background: The use of nanoparticles in Indonesia has been developing and is now being applied across sectors, including agriculture, health, and industry. Nanoparticles derived from Cymbopogon nardus can be used as nanopesticides because they contain several compounds that suppress pathogen growth and reduce pest populations. Chitosan is an additional compound used in the fabrication of these nanoparticles. Methods: This research used materials and tools, including a PSA (Particle Size Analyzer), a SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), Cymbopogon nardus, and chitosan. The research stages included extraction of Cymbopogon nardus, nanoparticle fabrication, PSA analysis, zeta potential measurement, and SEM observation. Results: The PSA test revealed that the Cymbopogon nardus nanoparticles had an average size of 907.2 nm. The zeta potential of the nanoparticles was –40.62 mV, indicating good electrostatic stability. SEM images showed that the nanoparticles had an irregular shape. Conclusions: The Cymbopogon nardus nanoparticles produced in this study, as characterized by PSA, zeta potential, and SEM analyses, demonstrated the expected characteristics of nanoparticles.
The EFFECT OF HOST EGG STORAGE DURATION OF Corcyra cephalonica AND THE NUMBER OF EGG CARDS ON THE PARASITIZATION OF THE EGG PARASITOID Trichogramma japonicum: PENGARUH LAMA PENYIMPANAN INANG Corcyra cephalonica DAN PERBANDINGAN JUMLAH PIAS TERHADAP PARASITASI PARASITOID Trichogramma japonicum Fathirsyam, Kemal; Kusuma, Ramadhani Mahendra; Rahmadhini, Noni
Mediagro: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Pertanian Vol 22 No 1 (2026): MEDIAGRO
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/mediagro.v22i1.14913

Abstract

Trichogramma japonicum is an important biological control agent used against Lepidopteran pests, and its mass production success strongly depends on the quality of the host eggs Corcyra cephalonica used for its development. This study aimed to determine the effect of storage duration of host eggs Corcyra cephalonica and the number of egg cards (pias) on the parasitization performance of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma japonicum. The research was conducted at the Parasitoid Laboratory of BBPPTP Surabaya using a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors: egg storage duration (no storage, 1 week, and 2 weeks) and number of pias (3, 4, and 5). Observed parameters included host egg quality and quantity, parasitization rate, percentage of adult emergence, and sex ratio of the parasitoid. The results showed that egg storage duration significantly affected all observed parameters. Fresh eggs without storage produced the highest quality, with normal egg percentages reaching 97%, while two-week storage significantly reduced egg quality to below 68%. The highest parasitization rate was obtained from the combination without storage and three pias (P1V1), reaching 84.57%, whereas two-week storage reduced parasitization to around 66%. The highest adult emergence (87.83%) also occurred in P1V1, while the lowest was observed in P2V3 (74.29%). Similarly, the highest female proportion was recorded in P1V1 (86.67%), and the lowest in P2V3 (71.33%).
Comparative Analysis of Insect Pest Diversity in Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Agroecosystems under Different Shade Tree Canopies: Papaya vs. Banana Mubarok, Basroh Saepul; Kusuma, Ramadhani Mahendra; Rahmadhini, Noni
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v14i2.20289

Abstract

This study compared the pest insect community structure in cocoa plantations shaded by papaya and banana trees. The study was conducted from January to March 2025 using systematic sampling in six cocoa fields, consisting of three papaya-shaded and three banana-shaded plantations. In each field, 19 traps were installed, comprising nine yellow traps, nine pitfall traps, and one light trap, supported by visual observations. Pest insects were identified to the genus level, and community structure was assessed using diversity (H′), evenness (E′), richness (R′), and dominance (C′) indices. Banana-shaded cocoa fields supported slightly more pest insect genera than papaya-shaded fields, with 22 and 21 genera recorded, respectively. Banana-shaded plots also showed higher diversity, evenness, and richness, accompanied by lower dominance. These patterns indicate that the denser banana canopy may create more heterogeneous microhabitat conditions that support a broader range of pest insects. Shade tree type influences pest insect community structure in cocoa plantations. Banana shade was associated with a more diverse and balanced pest insect community, whereas papaya shade showed relatively higher dominance, suggesting a greater risk of specific pest outbreaks. These findings highlight the importance of shade tree selection in integrated pest management, particularly for designing site-specific monitoring and targeted control strategies in cocoa plantations.
The Potential for Controlling Maize Pest Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Using Biological Agents Bacillus spp. Muhammad Qoyyimul Amri; Yenny Wuryandari; Noni Rahmadhini
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 15 No. 2 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtepl.v15i2.608-617

Abstract

Maize production is still facing many challenges nowadays.  One of the main challenges in maize production is pest attacks.  S. frugiperda has been causing significant damage to maize farming in Indonesia recently.  This research was conducted to determine the potential of Bacillus spp. isolates Bcz-20 and Bcz-30 are identified as biological agent candidates to control the S. frugiperda population, with bacterial population densities of 109 CFU/mL, 108 CFU/mL, and 107 CFU/mL, respectively, as determined by in vitro and in vivo application tests.  The Bcz-20 treatment with a population density of 107 CFU/mL was capable of suppressing the S. frugiperda larvae population in an in vitro application test, resulting in a mortality percentage of 47.5%. The Bcz-20 treatment with a population density of 109 CFU/mL was capable of suppressing the S. frugiperda larvae population by in vivo application test, resulting in a mortality percentage of 70 %.  The conclusion, Bacillus spp. Bcz-20 isolates with a population density of 107 CFU/mL are efficient and effective for controlling the S. frugiperda larvae population.
Studi Pola Persebaran Nematoda Entomopatogen di Lahan Tebu Kecamatan Plosoklaten Kabupaten Kediri Arman Adrian Maulana; Ramadhani Mahendra Kusuma; Noni Rahmadhini
Viabel : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Vol 21 No 1 (2026): Mei 2026
Publisher : Universitas Islam Balitar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35457/dx5wh934

Abstract

Pemanfaatan NEP sebagai APH memiliki beberapa keunggulan karena dapat bertahan di dalam tanah tanpa adanya inang. Terdapat 30 famili nematoda yang menjadi parasit bagi invertebrata dan tujuh diantaranya berpotensi sebagai NEP seperti Mermithidae, Allantonematidae, Neotylenchidae, Sphaerularidae, Rhabditidae, Steinernematidae, dan Heterorhabditidae. Kediri memiliki potensi yang cukup besar sebagai sumber isolat NEP mengingat kondisi agroekosistem yang memungkinkan keberadaan NEP dengan luas lahan pertanian sebesar 82.884 ha setara dengan 64% total luas lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pola persebaran kerapatan NEP pada lahan tebu berdasarkan titik pengambilan sampel. Lahan dengan luas 600 m2 dibagi menjadi 5 titik sampel secara menyilang. Pengambilan sampel tanah asal 5 titik sampel dibagi menjadi 10 titik sub-sampel dengan pola bintang. Isolasi dilakukan dengan metode baiting dan white trap, sedangkan perhitungan kerapatan dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali pada setiap ulangan. Analisis statitik menggunakan pengujian Kruskal-Wallis dilanjutkan dengan visualisasi menggunakan ArcGIS. Kerapatan terendah berada pada titik 1 dan 2, meningkat sedikit pada titik 4, lalu meningkat kembali di titik 5 dan paling tinggi terletak di titik 3. Secara visual, agregasi NEP di lapangan mengikuti pola distribusi terpusat. Perbedaan kerapatan ini dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor seperti intensitas penyinaran yang berpengaruh terhadap suhu dan kelembaban tanah.
Fluctuations in Fruit Fly Population (Bactrocera spp.) and Its Relationship to Environmental Conditions in Red Guava Plantations in Sidoarjo Regency Indra Djiwanata; Noni Rahmadhini; Herry Nirwanto
JURNAL AGRONOMI TANAMAN TROPIKA (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA) Vol. 8 No. 1 January 2026
Publisher : LPPM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM KUANTAN SINGINGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36378/juatika.v8i1.4706

Abstract

Crystal guava (Psidium guajava) is a superior variety cultivated in Indonesia. A major constraint in crystal guava production is the high incidence of pest attacks, particularly from fruit flies. This study was conducted in a red guava orchard located in Sidoarjo Regency and Jalan Simorejosari A IV/17 during the period from July to August. The research employed a survey method involving the installation of attractant traps and purposive sampling to collect infested fruit for host rearing. Both trapping and host rearing were used to monitor the fruit fly population. Trapping was carried out by installing attractant traps at five predetermined plots, positioned at a height of 1.5 meters and spaced 20 meters apart. Fruit fly rearing involved collecting infested fruit using purposive sampling from the same five plots, then incubating until adult flies emerged. The fruit fly species attacking the red guava orchard was identified as Bactrocera dorsalis. Independent t-test analysis revealed significant differences between the populations of trapped fruit flies and those obtained from host rearing. The emergence rate of fruit fly adults from host rearing exhibited a negative correlation with the trapped fruit fly population, described by the regression equation Y = 359.282 – 7.2146X. Path analysis indicated that rainfall positively correlates with temperature and humidity, while temperature negatively correlates with humidity. Additionally, rainfall and humidity negatively correlate with the trapped fruit fly population, whereas temperature shows a positive correlation.
Distribution Pattern and Population Density of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Corn Fields in the Tanggunggunung Hills, Tulungagung Regency Tito Ridho Nugroho; Wiwin Windriyanti; Noni Rahmadhini
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 11, No 4: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v11i4.8376

Abstract

Background: Corn is an important commodity in Tulungagung Regency; however, infestations of Spodoptera frugiperda have caused substantial yield losses, particularly during the vegetative growth stage, with reported damage levels reaching 20–70% depending on infestation intensity. Understanding the population density and spatial distribution of this pest under local agroecosystem conditions is therefore essential for developing effective control strategies. This study aimed to analyze the population density, distribution pattern, and environmental relationships of S. frugiperda on corn plants in the hilly area of Tanggunggunung, Tulungagung Regency. Methodology: The research was conducted on corn plants aged 15 to 45 days post-planting at two distinct locations: Ngrejo Village (approximately 110 meters above sea level) and Jengglungharjo Village (approximately 145 meters above sea level), each encompassing an area of 25 square meters. A two-dimensional sampling method was employed, utilizing 10 fixed observation plots per field, with observations occurring every three days. The variables observed included pest population density, symptoms of pest attack, and abiotic environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. Distribution patterns were analyzed using the Morisita index and the degree of Morisita (Ip), while the relationships between pest populations and environmental factors were examined through Pearson’s correlation analysis. Findings: The population of S. frugiperda in Ngrejo village exhibited a random distribution pattern (Id= 1.016; Ip= 0.004), whereas in Jengglungharjo village, it demonstrated a tendency towards clustering (Id = 0.211; Ip= 0.456). The density of the pest population showed a strong positive correlation with temperature (r= 0.799 to 0.702) and a negative correlation with humidity (r= −0.661 to −0.423). Contribution: Microclimatic conditions play a key role in shaping the spatial distribution and population density of S. frugiperda, highlighting the importance of site-specific, ecology-based pest management to improve corn productivity in hilly agroecosystems
Co-Authors Achmad Fiqri Agustin, Eva Tri Aldi Kurniansyah Amir, Faradila anggreini, riski ayu Anita, Tri Yuli Arga Dwi Indrawan Ari Wijayanti Arika Purnawati Arika Purnawati Arman Adrian Maulana Barna Deta Cristin Naftaly Cantika, Gabriella Choerunnisa, Agustya Salma Damayanti, Alfa Dirsista Didik Utomo Pribadi Didik Utomo Pribadi Dita Megasari Elly Syafriani Elly Syafriani Erlyana Desy Rahmawati Fathirsyam, Kemal Fatimah Lailatus Saadah Fitri Wijayanti Habibah, Isnaini Ainun Haidar Fari Aditya Hasbulloh, Mu'arif Ihza Herry Nirwanto Herry Nirwanto Hery Nirwanto, Hery Imanadi, Latief Indah Nathasya, Rachmawaty Indra Djiwanata Karuniadin Mukti, Ahmad Novarda Laksamana Agadhia Raharjo Laksmi Diana Lestari, Safira Rizka Mochammad Mirza Saputra Mubarok, Basroh Saepul Muhammad Arif Wahyudin Muhammad Arif Wahyudin Muhammad Qoyyimul Amri Musarofa, Musarofa Okta Gegana Purwadi Penta SURYAMINARSIH Prasetyo, Dandy Putri, Fanny Etrisya Putri, Redwika Clarissa Putri, Vadila Mulia Ramadhani Mahendra Kusuma Ramadhani Mahendra Kusuma Ramdan Hidayat Retno Widya Ningrum Risdiyanti, Rateh Lailatul Safira Rizka Lestari Saputra, Mochammad Mirza Saputra, Mochammad Mirza Suharto Tito Ridho Nugroho Tri MUJOKO Trijanti A. Widinni Triwahyu, Endang Ukhrowi, Syerlina Titis Muawanah Widajati, Wiludjeng Widayati, Wiludjeng Wijayanto, Mohamad Adi Wiludjeng Widayati Windriyanti, Wiwin Wiwik Sri Harijani Wiwin Windriyanti Wiwin Windriyanti Wiwin Windriyanti Yenny WURYANDARI YUDI NUR SUPRIADI Yulifada, Dede Angelina Zetta Rasullia Kamandang