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The Determination of Safe Concentration of Non-Carcinogenic Toluene in Surabaya Printing Ahmad Rido'i Yuda Prayogi; Abdul Rohim Tualeka; Ahsan Ahsan; Pudji Rahmawati; Syamsiar S Russeng; Indri H Susilowati
The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health Vol. 9 No. 3 (2020): The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (789.011 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/ijosh.v9i3.2020.360-368

Abstract

Introduction: Safe concentrations of non-carcinogenic toluene can cause adverse effects on health. Based on the results of a research, toxic effects on toluene exposure can cause cancerous (leuikimia) and non-cancerous (aplastic anemia). The Research objective to determine the safe concentration of non-carcinogenic toluene in Surabaya printing. Methods: The research design used was observational analytic, cross sectional research design with a quantitative approach. The research location was a printing press in Surabaya. The variables in this study were the concentration of toluene levels (ppm) and RQ in workers. Total population was 37 workers, while the study sample was taken using accidental sampling method with a total sample of 30 respondents. The formula for determining the concentration of toluene non carcinogen intake is (CxRxtExfExDt): (Wbx30x365). Results: The concentration value of toluene exposure was greater than the standard set by labor regulations No. 5 of 2018 about occupational health and safety of the work environment by 0.2 ppm. A total of 10% of workers falls under normal category, 73% above normal category and 27% below normal category. Conclusion: In this study, we found new findings, viz the concentration of toluene exposure in Surabaya printing area was above normal with a concentration of 0.2 ppm and this is considered not normal.Keywords: non carcinogenic toluene, safe concentration, surabaya printing, toluene
Correlation between Individual Characteristics and Work Position with Work Fatigue on Workers Irsyad Yudisianto; Abdul Rohim Tualeka; Noeroel Widajati
The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health Vol. 10 No. 3 (2021): The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (810.666 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/ijosh.v10i3.2021.350-360

Abstract

Introduction: Work fatigue is a condition of decreased efficiency and resilience of workers, which can interfere the companys’ productivity. Job fatigue can be caused by the performance, duration, and effort (work position) of the workers. Based on the observations, workers at the expedition sub units of PT X needed to lift 200 to 400kg heavy loads. The activity of lifting very heavy weights can cause fatigue. One form of physical fatigue indicators is an increase in lactic acid in the blood. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between workers’ characteristics and work position with work fatigue among workers in the expedition sub units of PT X. Methods: This research was a quantitative study with a cross sectional design. The population of this study was 36 people. This research used total sampling. The independent variable were individual characteristics and work position as measured using REBA tools, and the dependent variable was work fatigue as measured using lactic acid levels in blood. Data was analyzed using statistical tools to obtain the value of correlation coefficient between variables. Result: The results showed that there was a weak positive correlation between workers’ characteristics and physical fatigue. The results showed that the coefficient value between work position and physical fatigue was 0.354. The coefficient figure indicated a weak positive correlation between work position and work fatigue. Conclusion: There was a correlation between work position and work fatigue in workers.Keywords: ergonomics, lactic acid, REBA, work fatigue, work position  
The Relationship between Duration of Benzene Exposure with Liver Enzymes in Car Painting Workshop Workers Fitri Yatulaini; Abdul Rohim Tualeka; Juliana Jalaludin; Syamsiar S Russeng
The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health Vol. 10 No. 3 (2021): The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (483.403 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/ijosh.v10i3.2021.361-370

Abstract

Introduction: Benzene is a carcinogenic compound that can be found in a car painting workshop in Surabaya. The source of benzene in the car painting workshop comes from thinners. Inhalation is the main route for benzene to enter the body. The duration of benzene exposure can affect the accumulation of benzene concentrations. If work safety is not considered, the benzene compound can cause the liver disease. Furthermore, SGOT and SGPT are basic parameters of liver function. The study aims to determine the relationship between the duration of benzene exposure with SGOT and SGPT levels in car painting workshop workers. Method: observational research with a cross-sectional approach was applied as the method of this study. The research was conducted in a car painting workshop in 2019 with 20 workers. The variables were the duration of benzene exposure (hours/day) and levels of SGOT and SGPT. Data analysis used the Fisher's Exact Test and Coefficient Contingency test. Results: Workers worked with a duration of benzene exposure ≤ 8 hours/day by 70% and > 8 hours/day by 30%. The measurement results exceeded the normal limit with the value of SGOT of 15% and the SGPT of 30%. Furthermore, the Sstatistical test show p-values between the duration of benzene exposure and SGOT (0.202) and SGPT (0.303), body weight with SGOT (1.000) and SGPT (1.000), education with SGOT (0.199) and SGPT (0.182) and alcohol consumption with SGOT (1.000) and SGPT (1.000). Conclusion: There was no relationship between the duration of benzene exposure with SGOT and SGPT levels in car painting workshop workers in Surabaya with a p-value >0.05.Keywords: car painting workers, duration of benzene exposure, SGOT, SGPT 
Evaluation of Benzene Threshold Value in Benzene Exposed Work Environment: Case Study at Ciputat Gas Station Shinta Arta Mulia1, Zikri Fathur Rahman1, Ahmad Muslih Bambang Sugiharta1, Lili Susanti1, Abdul Rohi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.81

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Benzene is dangerous chemical compounds from products General Fuel Filling stations (gas stations) and is one component in gasoline with 1-5% carcinogen content. The purpose of this study was to determine the limits of safe concentration for benzene in the work environment of gas stations in Ciputat. This type of research is an observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study. The population in this study were all workers at one gas station in the Ciputat region. The sampling technique is the total population, so the sample is 27 workers. The design of the study begins with the collection of secondary data related to work processes which include chemicals in the work area and the number of workers involved. Furthermore, primary data collection was carried out related to the concentration of benzene in the workplace air, length of work time, and worker weight. In addition, secondary data was collected in experimental animals, namely the weight of white mice. The type of data in this study is primary data, obtained through questionnaires and observations as well as measurements of benzene in the air of the respondent’s workplace.The measurement results of the concentration of benzene in the gas station in Ciputat in point 1 and point 2 are 0.58 mg / m3 or 0.18 ppm so that the concentration is still below the Threshold Value (TLV) according to Minister of Manpower Regulation Number 5 of 2018. Based on the manual calculation for safe limits of benzene concentration obtained 0.085 mg / m3 or 0.026 ppm. Control recommendations are to consume the CYP2E1 enzyme contained in beef liver and salmon which serves to reduce the level of benzene in the body, use the appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in the form of half mask respirator with an organic vapor cartridge, and plant a number of ornamental plants that can absorb and reduce benzene concentrations such as Boston and Golden Photos 1
Coal Dust and Acute Respiratory Infections in South Kalimantan PT ‘X’ Coal Mining Workers. Zikri Fathur Rahman1, Shinta Arta Mulia1, Ahmad Muslih Bambang Sugiharta1, Lili Susanti1, Abdul Rohi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.87

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Occupational illness is a disease caused by a person’s work or work environment. This disease is caused by the actions of someone who is unsafe (unsafe act) and unsafe condition (unsafe condition) in carrying out his work activities. The unsafe act is an act of someone who deviates from the rules of security standards that have been set in doing work. While unsafe conditions are conditions that can endanger workers. Acute respiratory infection is an acute inflammation of the upper and lower respiratory tract caused by infection with microorganisms, bacteria, viruses, and rickets, without or accompanied by pulmonary parenchyma. Factors that affect a person affected by ARI are environmental factors, individual characteristics, and worker behavior. Environmental factors include air pollution (air pollution due to industrial output and smoke from burning fuel). Dust particles that can cause acute respiratory problems from industrial products that pollute the air such as coal dust, cement, cotton, asbestos, chemicals, toxic gases, dust in rice mills (organic dust).
NOAEL Benzene in White Mice as the Basis for Determining the Safe Limit of Benzene Concentration in the Pulogadung Shoe Industry Home in Jakarta Muh. Arfandi Setiawan1, Herman Bagus1, Aisy Rahmania1, Cut Suci1, Carmelita Agustin1, Abdul Rohim Tu
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3096

Abstract

The shoe industry in its operational activities is very dependent on the quality of the material, one of which is glue containing benzene, the industrial workers have a risk of exposure to benzene. The purpose of this study was to determine the safe concentration of benzene in the leather shoe industry in the small industrial village of Pulogadung, Jakarta. This research is descriptive research. The population in this study were shoe workers who worked on the installation of solee 1 and solee 2, which amounted to 16 people. The results of the study were quantitatively analyzed to determine the safe concentration of benzene for workers obtained from data on benzene concentrations in the workplace, worker height, worker weight, rats’ weight, worker respiration rate, length of work, worker body surface area, surface area mice body, highest dose of toxin without effect on experimental animals (NOAEL), Km factor in animals (Animal Km), factor Km in workers (Human Km), and safe limit for toxin dose for workers (RfC). The measurement results of the concentration of benzene in the sole 1 section were 0.19 ppm and in the sole 2 part was 0.06 ppm, which means that the concentration of benzene is still below the Threshold Value according to Minister of Manpower Regulation Number 13 of 2011 at 0.5 ppm. Based on the calculations that have been done, the safe limit value is 0.021 ppm. Based on the minimum risk level (MRL), the concentration of benzene every day that can cause acute effects is 0.009 ppm and that can cause chronic effects is 0.003 ppm. From these standards, it can be seen that the concentration of benzene in the leather shoe industry has the potential to have an impact on the health of workers. Control measures are needed to see potential health problems that workers can experience because of the benzene. Recommendations to the leather shoe industry are to periodically monitor benzene levels in the air, conduct health checks on workers, and use personal protective equipment on workers such as masks to reduce levels of inhaled benzene into workers’ bodies
Safe Concentration of Benzene Exposure to Worker’s in Gas Station at the Area of Diponegoro University, Semarang Rizki Adi Sulistyanto1, Abdul hamid1, Aditya1, Dyah Ayu Kusumaningrum1, Novvini Miriam Suaebo1, Abdu
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3254

Abstract

Benzene is one of the aromatic hydrocarbon compounds that are widely used in the industrial sector. Benzene exposure in the work environment has been set a threshold value. Benzene exposure in humans can provide health effects especially disrupting the central nervous system, hematopoietic system, and immune system. Acute effects can include laryngeal irritation, dizziness, pallor, shortness of breath, headache, fatigue, drowsiness, and fainting. While the chronic effects can be cancer. This research is a study with an environmental health risk analysis approach with the aim to assess and make predictions that will occur due to exposure to benzene in public fuel station (SPBU) officers around the area of Diponegoro University, Semarang. The Environmental Health Risk Analysis (ARKL) approach consists of several steps, namely hazard identification, response dose analysis, exposure analysis, and risk characteristics. The results of the measurement of benzene concentrations in gas stations around the Diponegoro University in Semarang at point 1 were 0.38 ppm and at point 2 was 0.51 ppm. So that the concentration is still below the Threshold Value (NAB) according to the Minister of Manpower Regulation Number 5 of 2018. Based on manual calculations for safe limits benzene concentration is obtained 0.08538 mg / m3 or 0.02672 ppm. This means that the highest concentration of benzene in the work environment is 0.51 ppm, with an average body weight of 55.67 kg, height of 159 cm with a working time of 8 hours, and safe concentration so as not to cause a non-carcinogenic risk is 0.08538 mg / m3 or 0.02672 ppm.
Working and Resting Period based on Inclination, Loads, and Lift Methods on Manual Material Handling in Mining Environment Eko Nurmianto1 , Udisubakti Ciptomulyono2 , Suparno3 , Sudiyono Kromodihardjo4 , Hari Setijono5 , Nu
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.11614

Abstract

This study assessed working period and resting period in handling return roll (RR) in laboratory. Deliveriesof a RR involve a shoulder/elbow-mode of carriage. Workers usually prefer the Carry On Shoulder (COS)(Gendong), or Carry On Elbow (COE) (Manggul) modes. The objective of the research are to measureWorking Period (WP) and Resting Period (RP) that converted into heart rate (HR) and oxygen uptake(VO2). Eight healthy male subjects performed shoulder/elbow-mode carrying. The type of research was aexperimental study. Lifting with the shoulder method feels lighter and takes distance much longer. The restperiod for the shoulder method has shorter rest periods because the work is lighter while carrying a longerrest period based on ANOVA test on the effect of inclination, load and lifting methods on Working andResting Periods.
Konsentrasi Aman Benzena: Studi Kasus pada Pekerja Pertambangan Minyak dan Gas Bumi PT. A Balikpapan Suherdin Suherdin; Abdul Rohim Tualeka
Jurnal Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja Universitas Halu Oleo Vol 3, No 1 (2022): Jurnal Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja Universitas Halu Oleo
Publisher : FKM Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37887/jk3-uho.v3i1.26120

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Benzena meruapakan salah satu senyawa karsinogen yang konsentrasinya banyak ditemukan melebihi nilai ambang batas pada area Pertambangan Minyak dan Gas Bumi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan konsentrasi aman benzena pada pekerja pertambangan minyak dan gas bumi berdasarkan luas permukaan tubuh hewan uji dan luas permukaan tubuh pekerja. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif, observasional dan deskriptif. Lokasi penelitian di pertambangan Minyak dan Gas Bumi PT. A Balikpapan. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh pekerja yang berjumlah 22. Teknik pegambilan sampel adalah total sampel. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah konsentrasi benzena di tempat kerja, berat badan pekerja, tinggi badan pekerja, laju respirasi pekerja, lama waktu kerja dalam sehari, luas permukaan tubuh pekerja, berat badan tikus, luas permukaan tubuh tikus putih, dosis tertinggi toksin tanpa efek pada hewan coba (NOAEL), Km faktor pada hewan (Animal Km), Km faktor pada pekerja (Human Faktor), batas aman dosis toksin bagi pekerja (SHD), dan konsentrasi aman benzena di udara bagi pekerja (C aman). Hasil penelitian menunjukan konsentrasi benzena di Pertambangan Minyak dan Gas Bumi PT. A fasilitas pengolahan B 1.35 ppm atau 4.30 mg/m3 dan fasilitas pengolahan C 2.31 atau 7.35 mg/m3. Luas permukaan tubuh hewan coba (tikus putih) rata-rata adalah 0.02 dan luas permukaan tubuh manusia adalah 1.75. hasil perhitungan c aman bagi pekerja di Pertambangan Minyak dan gas Bumi PT. A adalah 0,024 ppm.
HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK PEKERJA DAN TINGKAT MOTIVASI KERJA DENGAN KELELAHAN SUBJEKTIF Frinsus Feriga Diosma; Abdul Rohim Tualeka
Journal of Public Health Research and Community Health Development Vol. 2 No. 2 (2019): Maret
Publisher : Sekolah Ilmu Kesehatan Dan Ilmu Alam (SIKIA), Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jphrecode.v2i2.12516

Abstract

Kapasitas dan produktivitas kerja akan tercapai maksimal jika kondisi kesehatan tenaga kerja baik dan selalu dijaga. Tindakan pencegahan kelelahan kerja merupakan upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk menjaga kesehatan tenaga kerja. Upaya tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan tindakan identifikasi dan memperbaiki faktor penyebab terjadinya kelelahan di tempat kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari hubungan antara karakteristik pekerja dan tingkat motivasi kerja dengan kelelahan subjektif pada tenaga kerja di UD Sumber Barokah Sidoarjo. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 100 tenaga kerja dengan besar sampel sebanyak 80 responden. Sampel penelitian diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner ukur. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Fisher’s eksact. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 62,5% responden berusia ≥30 tahun, 70% berjenis kelamin perempuan, 85% responden berstatus sudah menikah, 57,5 responden memiliki masa kerja <3 tahun, 90% responden memiliki tingkat motivasi tinggi dan 95% responden tidak mengalami kelelahan subjektif. Hasil uji Fisher’s eksact menunjukan tidak ada hubungan antara usia (p=1,000), jenis kelamin (p=1,000), status pernikahan (p=1,000), masa kerja (p=1,000) dengan kelelahan subjektif. Ada hubungan antara tingkat motivasi dengan kelelahan subjektif (p=0,048).
Co-Authors Abdullah, Muhamad Azwat Ahmad Rido&#039;i Yuda Prayogi Ahmad Rido'i Yuda Prayogi Ahmad Ridoi Yuda Prayogi Ahsan Ahsan Ahsan Ahsan Ahsan Ahsan Ahsan Ahsan Ahsan Aisyah Noor Shofi Hanifah Akbar, Muhammad Ihzario Ibrahim Al Mamun, Abdullah Alia, Siti Arum Alifia, Nabila Azzahra Amanda Fithri Habibati Aminulloh, Sandi Anwar, Diana Aristy Yulanda Ambarani Arya Zulfikar Paramarta Asih, Heningdia Pastika Astriningrum Titipangesti Kusumarini Aulia Rahman Farizky Pujiantara Ayuni, Putri Azeez Olawale Ojelabi Aziz, Mohd Yusmaidie Bahsin, Alkaf Munis Bahsin, Alkaf Mu’nis Barikly Robby Basa Alim Tualeka Bella Puspitaloka, Nanda Dani Nasirul Haqi Dita Perwitasari Dr. Ahsan Ahsan Dr. Syamsiar S Russeng Edinur, Hisham Atan Enjelita Karujan Ernawati, Meirina Erwin Dyah Nawawiwetu, Erwin Dyah Fadila, Isna Fahimah Hashim Firda Qurba Sari Fitri Yatulaini Fitri, Nur Aini Frinsus Feriga Diosma Hanif Rizqi Diniari, Hanif Rizqi Harahap, Nurhani Mazly Herman Bagus Dwicahyo Iin Zulaiha Tuasikal Indri H Susilowati Indri H Susilowati Indri H Susilowati Indriati Paskarini Innaha Ilma Wardaya Intan Kristianti Irlangga Wisnu Wardana Irsyad Yudisianto Ishak, Ahmad Razali Ismahani Isman, Nur Izzah Istifara, Anindia Ivana Laily Jalaludin, Juliana jannah, Hafidzoh Fatihatul Jatmiko, Hapsoro Agung Jayawarsa, A.A. Ketut Juliana Jalaludin Juliana Jalaludin Juliana Jalaludin Kania Nayuri Nugroho Karisma Putri, Frizki Rana Ketut Ima Ismara Kusumarini, Astriningrum Titipangesti Lailiyah, Syifa'ul M. Subandi, Baharuddin Made Yenny Puspitarini Mahfiro Risky Safitri Mahima, A.A.Gede Kenas Alvaro Mandagi, Ayik Mirayanti Mardliyatus Sholihah Mardliyatus Sholihah, Mardliyatus Melany Kumayas Mohamed, Rafeezul Mualif, Siti Aisyah Nita Desti Rahmawati Noeroel Widajati Nugraha, Rizki Ahmad NUR AINI Ojelabi, Azeez Olawale Prasetya, Tofan Agung Eka Prasetyo, Ritwan Agus Pudji Rahmawati Putri, Wulandari Anggraini Rahmadani Rahmadani Rahmawati, Nur Anisah Rizaldi Nanda Pratama Rizaldy Fathur Rachman Rizaldy Fathur Rachman Sacharina Surya Ningrum Safitrie, Olga Febriana Salsabila Novianti Salsabila Novianti Samsul Arifin Sarah Nadhila Rahma Sari, Firda Qurba Setyawati, Evi Shalina, Nia Vita Shintia Yunita Arini, Shintia Yunita Shoshihandra, Doutti Sillehu, Sahrir Siti Arum Alia Siwidati, Anggit Wirama Suardi Zurimi Suardi Zurimi Suhaimi, Nur Faseeha Suherdin Suherdin Suwardi Suwardi Syamsiar Russeng Syamsiar S Russeng Syamsiar S Russeng Syamsiar S Russeng Tamilanban Thamaraikani Taurizanti, Nadia Firdausi Tri Martiana Tri Martiana Tri Martiana Trias Mahmudiono Ulfa, Ni'matul Ulubiah, Siti Marifatul Velu Perumal Wahdah Dhiyaul Akrimah Waras, Maisarah Nasution Widjajati, Noeroel Y Denny Ardyanto W Yenitrisnawati Yustinus Denny Ardyanto Wahyudiono Zabidi, Muhammad Azrul Zainon, Muhamad Radzi Zakariyah, Yogi Aldias Zuhri, Moh. Nurdin Zulfa Anida Zurimi, Suardi