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Journal : E-Journal Of Cultural Studies

PRACTICE OF POWER OF MEDICAL AUTHORITY OF THE MENTAL HOSPITAL ON THE PSYCHIATRIC PATIENT WITH STIGMA Putro, Bambang Dharwiyanto; Kumbara, AA Ngurah Anom; Wirawan, A.A. Bagus
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 11, Number 1, February 2018
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (591.261 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/cs.2018.v11.i01.p05

Abstract

The matters pertaining to mental disorders are complex as they are not only related to the medical professionalism, patients, their families and society but they are also related to the stigma they have and the protection of their dignity and status. Stigma is like a prison in the social relation constructed by the apparatuses that contribute to development, the regime of knowledge, and modernism on behalf of normalization. By applying the point of view of cultural studies, namely siding with those who are suppressed, this present study is intended to identify the form of the stigma which the psychiatric patients have resulting from the practice of power of the medical authority implemented by the Mental Hospital. Observation and in-depth interview methods were employed in the present study. The data were collected through life story and library research. The collected data were analyzed descriptively, qualitatively and interpretatively using the relevant critical theories such as the theory of discourse, the theory of deconstruction, and the theory of hegemony. The result of the study shows that there are two forms of the stigma which the psychiatric patients suffer from; they are the public stigma (the stigma brought about by society) and the self-stigma (the stigma brought about the patients and their families). The factors which contribute to the stigma of mental disorders can be classified into two; they are the external and internal factors as the translation of the hegemony of power and the domination of the authority of social and medical apparatus over the psychiatric patients leading to the social and identity gap. This shows the form of the struggle involving power in order to strengthen the domination of the apparatus in different aspects of life. The psychiatric patients cannot speak and are so marginalized that they have almost never been heard. The society’s social control through the saving mission of the Mental Hospital is implemented through the nursing practice and the controlling mechanism it performs in which the authority of the medical doctors is dominant enough to show that they have power in the Mental Hospital.
DECONSTRUCTING EMPOWERMENT OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES AT GIANYAR SENANG HATI FOUNDATION, BALI Wahyuni, Anak Agung Nyoman Sri; Wirawan, AA Bagus; Kumbara, Anak Agung Ngurah Anom
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 10, Number 2, May 2017
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (566.735 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/cs.2017.v10.i02.p04

Abstract

Globalization extraordinarily affects the Senang Hati Foundation. The roles played by the agents of empowerment such as the Non-government OrganizationS and government are enormous. The government should pay attention to every citizen, including those with disabilities as they also need justness, as stated in the Five Principles ‘Pancasila’ and the 1945 Constitution and the Act Number 4 of 1997 concerning people with disabilities, which was then changed into the Act of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 of 2016 concerning people with disabilities. This present study is intended to identify the empowerment of the people with disabilities at the Gianyar Senang Hati Foundation, Bali. The qualitative method is used. The data were taken from the primary data source and secondary data source. The data were obtained through observation, in-depth interview, and library research. The theory of hegemony, the theory of deconstruction, and the theory of social practice are used in the present study. The result of the study shows as follows. First, the Foundation has four programs which are implemented to empower people with disabilities. They are social program, educational program, health program, and economic program. Second, the obstacles the Foundation faces can be divided into two. They are the internal obstacle and external obstacle. Third, the obstacle affects the existence of the Foundation, its management, its members, the government, donators and society. The finding of the study is that the Foundation has not been able to empower all of its members yet. In addition, the agents of the empowerment of people with disabilities have different interests.
CARTOON VISUALIZATION AS SOCIAL REPRESENTATION IN BOG-BOG BALI CARTOON MAGAZINE 2011/2012 EDITION Swandi, I Wayan; Wirawan, AA Bagus; Artayasa, I Nyoman; Mudana, I Gede
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 9, Number 4, November 2016
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Bog-Bog cartoon was a mass media production which was rich in strong artistic and Balinese cultural values. Social changes cannot be avoided since Bali became a global tourist destination. On one hand, Bali cannot be avoided from being attracted by the global strength; on the other hand, attempts are perpetually made to maintain its cultural identity. The descriptive method was used in the present study, which was intended to explain how the Bog-Bog cartoon was visualized and what meanings were hidden in it.
RELIGIOUS IDEOLOGY OF THE TRADITION OF MAKOTEK IN THE ERA OF GLOBALIZATION Pradana, Gede Yoga Kharisma; Suarka, I Nyoman; Wirawan, A.A. Bagus; Dhana, I Nyoman
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 9 No 1 (2016): Volume 9, Number 1, February 2016
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Makotek is a cultural tradition which is performed as a ritual to ward off misfortune by the people living at Munggu Village, Badung Regency. It is performed once in six months, namely, every Kuningan Feast Day.  It has been inherited from generation to generation as an oral tradition. In the era of globalization, many parties and cultural components are involved in its performance.  It is still performed until now. However, the people living at Munggu Village do not close themselves to modernity. The data were collected through observation, interview, library research and documentary techniques. The informants were determined using the purposive and snowball technique. All the data were analyzed in order to draw conclusions. The result of the study shows that the religious ideology which has inspired the people living at Munggu Traditional Village to perform the tradition of Makotek. Ideologically, they believe that by performing the tradition of Makotek, they can protect their resources and the human unity in the middle of the social dynamics in the era of globalization. It is performed in stages, in accordance with the tradition they have adhered to since a long time ago. The performance of the tradition of Makotek at Munggu Village has been able to strengthen their belief in the existence of Ida Sang Hyang Widhi, Almighty God. In addition, such a religious practice is the supernatural source of happiness and health as it is believed to be able ward off misfortune.
COMMODIFICATION OF CUTURAL HERITAGE AS TOURIST ATTRACTION AT PENATARAN SASIH TEMPLE, PEJENG, GIANYAR Raka, A.A. Gede Raka; Ardika, I Wayan Ardika; Wirawan, A.A. Bagus Wirawan; Setiawan, I Ketut Setiawan
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 2 (2015): Volume 8, Number 2, May 2015
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Penataran Sasih Temple with the cultural heritage it has is located at Pejeng Village, Gianyar, and is commodified as a tourist attraction. There are three problems which are formulated in the present study. They are (1) what was the cultural heritage which Penataran Sasih Temple, Pejeng, Gianyar, has like; (2) how the process of commodification of the cultural heritage which the Penataran Sasih Temple has took place; (3) what were the impact and meaning of the commodification of the cultural heritage which the Pentaran Sasih Temple has on the people living at Pejeng Village. In general, this present study is intended to identify the commodification of the cultural heritage which the Penataran Sasih Temple has. In particular, this present study is intended to identify the form of the commodification of the cultural heritage, understand the process of the commodification, and explain the impact and meaning of the commodification. The qualitative method was used in the present study. The data were collected through observation, in-depth interview, and library research. The data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. It could be inferred that the cultural heritages included (a) the kettledrum “Bulan Pejeng”, the other cultural heritages, and the religious ritual; (b) the commodified cultural heritages were distributed by the government, profit organizations, academicians, and traditional organizations; and (c) the commodified cultural heritages were consumed by the local society, non Balinese society, and international society.
THE DISCOURSE OF PADANG RESTAURANTS IN GUS TF SAKAI’S NOVEL ULAR KEEMPAT Fadlillah, Fadlillah; Wirawan, AA Bagus; Cika, I Wayan
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 11, Number 3, August 2018
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (681.914 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/cs.2018.v11.i03.p02

Abstract

The topic of the research is the novel titled Ular Keempat (the Fourth Snake) by Gus tf Sakai. It is focused on the text of Rumah Makan Padang (Padang restaurants) in the novel based on the study of cultural studies literature. In the final part of the story of Ular Keempat, there is a side text of Rumah Makan Padang. The main point of the research is the archeology of Rumah Makan Padang. The approaches used are the Foucault‘s discourse and Derrida‘s deconstruction. The result of the study shows that the essence of the story of Hajj trip in the articulation of Minangkabau people‘s view of life can be revealed in some texts. First, text of Padang was the episteme discourse built by the Dutch East Indies goverment. Second, the discourse of Minangkabau Sufistic culture systemically was demolished by the Dutch East Indies government. Third, the discourse of Minangkabau culture was systemically controlled by the Dutch East Indies government. Fourth, the discourse of Dutch colonial‘s liberal culture is actually continued by the Indonesian government towards Minangkabau culture. Fifth, the literary approach can be applied by studying the metaphors and cultural hospitality. Through this research it can be argued that the text of Hajj trip, in the novel of Ular Keempat, is a manifestation of the essence of merantau text empirically. Life for Minangkabau people is actually migration and after life is the true home; this is theirlife view. Thus, Minangkabau culture is actually a sufistic culture, and surau is the center of Minangkabau culture.
CONFLICT BETWEEN TWO VILLAGES ON TELEVISION SCREEN: ANALYSIS OF THE DISCOURSE OF BALI TV COVERAGE ON KEMONING-BUDAGA CASE Wirawan, I Komang Arba; Ardika, I Wayan Ardika; Wirawan, A.A. Bagus Wirawan
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 8 No 2 (2015): Volume 8, Number 2, May 2015
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

This study is intended to analyze the discourse of Bali TV coverage on the Kemoning –Budaga case, Bali, a conflict which took place on 17 September 2011, which led to discourse of the dispersal of the traditional village ‘desa pakraman’. Such coverage of the case was considered blaming the Governor of Bali, Mangku Pastika. He was reported to intend to disperse the traditional villages in Bali. The Bali TV and Bali Post, which are under the Bali Post Media Group ‘Kelompok Media Bali Post’ (abbreviated to KMB) continuously exploited the discourse of the dispersal of the traditional village subjectively. The Governor of Bali, Mangku Made Pastika, did not accept that and prosecuted the Bali Post in Denpasar Court of First Instance ‘Pengadilan Negeri Denpasar’. The theory of discourse, the theory of agenda setting, the framing theory, and the theory of semiotics are used in the present study. The result of the analysis shows that the conflict between Kemoning Village and Budaga Village covered by the Bali Post was an extended discourse of the Bali Post printed media which was managed using a clear setting agenda for the social, political, and ideological interests of the KMB’s Ajeg Bali. The relation between the Governor of Bali, Mangku Made Pastika, and KMB, which was good in the beginning, changed into a serious conflict. It is interesting to explore the discourse of the Bali TV’s news release which aggravated the conflict in order to identify the subjective agenda of the news broadcasting policy and the counter discourse as the response to it. The main data of the present study are the discourse of the news released by the Bali TV on the Kemoning-Budaga case. The data were in the forms of the documents of the materials which were once presented. The Governor of Bali, Mangku Made Pastika, made use of the Department of the Public Relations of the Government of Bali Province and the media beyond the KMB such as the TVRI Bali and Radar Bali to present his counter discourse. The discourse on the Kemoning-Budaga Case shows a real example how the mass media do not pay attention to objectivity for the sake of power.
GENEALOGY OF TABUT RITUAL CULTURAL AESTHETICS OF THE SUMATRAN WEST COASTAL COMMUNITY KHANIZAR, KHANIZAR; Wirawan, AA Bagus; Sulistyawati, Sulistyawati; Sukardja, Putu
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 9, No 3 (2016): August 2016
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

The tabut ritual is performed in the West Coastal area of Sumatera to commemorate Imam Husein Bin Ali Abi Thalib when he was captured by the soldiers of Yazid Muawiyah in Padang Karbala. It is performed once a year, from the first to the tenth of Muharam, which is counted based on the Hijirah year. This present study is intended to investigate the form, function, and meaning of the genealogy of the tabut ritual which is performed in and as the identity of the West Coastal Area of Sumatera. It tries to (1) discuss and deconstruct the values of such a ritual as the community’s identity which tightens the cultural value of the Sumatran West Coastal community; (2) exploits the tabut ritual as the form of the Sumatran West Coastal community’s identity; (3) apply the function of the ethnical aesthetics; (4) explain the aesthetic meaning in its relation to religion and customs and traditions. Three theories were used to answer the problems of the study; they are the theory of genealogy proposed by Michel Foucault and the postcolonial theory. What could be concluded from the present study are as follows. The genealogical forms of the tabut ritual which is performed in the  West Coastal are of Sumatera reflects the community’s cultural aesthetics and functions to purify the soul; it also reflects religiosity, mystical and aesthetic experience  and the hegemony which exceeds the postcolonial patronage, meaning that such a ritual has the purification function. It also reflects the cosmological aesthetics of the supporting community. It has deconstruction and aesthetical genealogical meaning.
DECONSTRUCTING THE IDEOLOGY OF RESISTANCE SHOWN BY THE PEOPLE LIVING AT CANDIKUNING VILLAGE TO THE MANAGEMENT OF EKA KARYA BALI BOTANICAL GARDEN Sujana, I Wayan; Wirawan, A.A Bagus; Sirtha, I Nyoman; Dhana, I Nyoman
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Vol 9 No 1 (2016): Volume 9, Number 1, February 2016
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

The people living at Candikuning Village are not involved in the management of the Eka Karya Bali Botanical Garden; however, they intend to enjoy the retribution which is received by the Botanical Garden, for which they show their resistance to the management. This article is intended to understand the ideology which has inspired the local people to argue that they are entitled to the retribution received by the Eka Karya Bali Botanical Garden.  The data were collected through in-depth interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The data were critically analyzed using the deconstruction method. Based on the analysis of the facts which had inspired the resistance shown by the local people living at Candi Kuning Village to the management of the Bali Eka Karya Botanical Garden, it could be understood that the geopolitical ideology was used as the basis of the resistance. Therefore, the management of the Bali Eka Karya Botanical Garden should give some of the retribution they received to the local people. The Botanical garden is located at Candikuning Village or part of the area of Candikuning Village. However, the village had never received any retribution from the Botanical Garden. The management should remember the proverb “di mana bumi dipijak di situ langit dijunjung” (we should adjust ourselves to the environment where we stay), based on the philosophy of Tri Hita Karana, meaning that the management should give retribution to the temple located at the area of the Botanical Garden.
THE BARONG LANDUNG PERFORMING ART FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CULTURAL ACCULTURATION Cerita, I Nyoman; Wirawan, AA Bagus; Suarka, I Nyoman
E-Journal of Cultural Studies Volume 10, Number 2, May 2017
Publisher : Cultural Studies Doctorate Program, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (572.879 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/cs.2017.v10.i02.p01

Abstract

The Barong Landung performing art, as the acculturation of the Balinese culture and Chinese culture, has opened the new history of the relationship between the Balinese culture and Chinese culture. The acculturation has also become the peak of the Chinese cultural impact on the Balinese culture in general and the Balinese performing art in particular. Moreover, Balong Landung has also been considered the symbolic appearance of the Balinese King, Sri Aji Jaya Pangus, and his wife, Kang Cing Wie, who governed from 1099 to 1103 Caka Year. The qualitative method was used in the present study and the data were collected through library research. The data were collected through the secondary data source. The primary data were collected through interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The result of the study shows that the barong landung performing art is a traditional Balinese performing art which has been affected by the Chinese culture. It has been strongly integrated into the elements of the people’s performing art and culture in every region of Bali. In Bali it reflects the humanity-oriented culture. It can be classified as the sacred, magical, and religious performing art and is performed as part of the traditional and religious rituals in Bali.