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Yohana Yohana
Program Studi Magister Ilmu Hukum Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sumatera Utara
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Journal : Science Midwifery

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Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with body fat percentage and skeletal muscle mass in adults: A cross-sectional study Faradilla, Meutia Atika; Yastani, Deasyka; Yohana, Yohana; Anastasya, Karina Shasri; Salma, Nabila Maudy
Science Midwifery Vol 13 No 6 (2026): Health Sciences and related fields
Publisher : Institute of Computer Science (IOCS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/midwifery.v13i6.2253

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D is widely recognized for its role in bone and musculoskeletal health, yet accumulating evidence suggests it may also influence body composition through regulatory effects on adipose and skeletal muscle tissues. This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum vitamin D status and body composition parameters in adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 77 adults. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while body composition (percent body fat and skeletal muscle mass) was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Participants were categorized based on vitamin D status, and group comparisons as well as Pearson correlation analyses were performed. Results: The mean age of participants was 35.8 ± 9.6 years, and 40.2% were men. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) was 36%, while 68% of participants had suboptimal vitamin D levels (deficiency or insufficiency). Individuals with vitamin D deficiency showed significantly higher body fat percentage and lower skeletal muscle mass compared with the non-deficient group (p < 0.05). Serum 25(OH)D was moderately inversely correlated with body fat percentage (r = −0.41, p = 0.018) and positively correlated with skeletal muscle mass (r = 0.29, p = 0.012). Conclusion: Lower vitamin D status was associated with increased adiposity and reduced skeletal muscle mass in adults. These findings highlight the potential importance of maintaining adequate vitamin D levels as part of strategies supporting healthier body composition. Longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to clarify causality and clinical implications.
Co-Authors Adrian Wijaya, Adrian Wijaya Agustina Albert Albert Anastasya, Karina Shasri Anita Suharyani ARI SUSANTO Azura, Nira Daspar Daspar Deasyka Yastani Delfin, Delfin Desi Desi, Desi Dharma, Yokie Prasetya Diah Trismi Harjanti Dodi Sukmayadi Erlani Kartadinata, Erlani Eveline Margo, Eveline Fadly Y Tantu Faradilla, Meutia Atika Ferina, Mutiara Gilber, Gilber Hadi Wiyono Haeri, Refreandi Hairi, Refreandi Hasibuan, Rabitah Hanum I Dewa Ayu Eka Yuliani Indah Safitri, Liza Ingkak Chintya Wangsih Jimmy Panji Wirawan Kalbuana, Nawang Lazarus, Lazarus Leuwwol, Natasya Liana, Ida Lulu Jola Uktolseja Madinawati Mahardieni, Karlina Malik Malik, Malik Meiyanti Meiyanti, Meiyanti Melda Agnes Manuhutu Monica Dwi Hartanti, Monica Dwi Muhammad Ahsan, Muhammad Ahsan Muhammad Imam, Muhammad Imam Mulyodiputro, M. Dermawan Noviana, Siti Khodijah Nugraha, Rizki Nurul Pertiwi, Chandra Puspa Arum Piping Asgiani Putri Tipa Anasi Rahmansyah, Mulia Ridho, Fajar Robayany, Almubarokah Tri Sahabudin Sahabudin, Sahabudin Salma, Nabila Maudy Sandy Kosasi SANWANI SANWANI, SANWANI Siagian, Dewi Siahaan, Ganda Simbolon, Danti Sinta Paramita Sri Rahmawati, Baiq Maura Sunita Dasman Suroyo Suroyo Susi Hartanto, Susi Suweino Suweino, Suweino Tarigan, Pelinta Wanti Fitrianti Wiyarni Wiyarni Xavierees, Endrico Yoland, Yoland Zulfikar Ikhsan Pane