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Journal : Media Iuris

 1 
Bisnis Sektor Sumber Daya Alam dan Hak Asasi Manusia di Indonesia: Realitas dan Tantangan Indah Dwi Qurbani; Ilham Dwi Rafiqi
Media Iuris Vol. 5 No. 2 (2022): MEDIA IURIS
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mi.v5i2.34348

Abstract

AbstractThe current research aims to investigate the realization of human rights in the natural resources business sector in Indonesia. Global demands and the rise of investments have resulted in the exercise of the natural resources business, which frequently intersects and affects the fulfillment of human rights in some cases. A normative legal research method was used by means of statutory, conceptual, and case study approaches. The results had shown that the real-life practices of human rights fulfilment in the natural resources sector did not run optimally, and even violated the principles of Business and Human (UNGP), in terms of protection, respect, and restoration of human rights. In fact, natural resources management policies, the most widely issued policies in Indonesia, had been the real challenges by themselves. The regulatory framework in the natural resources sector, tendentiously centralized, pragmatic, and instrumental, did need reform. This issue implied the rise of pathological problems, such as pollution and environmental damages, violence against vulnerable groups, marginalization of indigenous peoples due to land and ownership conflicts, and social inequality. In addition, adequate norms of action were needed in terms of due diligence and restoration of human rights in the natural resources business sector.Keywords: Human Right; Natural Resources Business; Realities; Challenges. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui realisasi HAM pada bisnis sektor sumber daya alam di Indonesia. Tuntutan global dan peningkatan investasi mengakibatkan pelaksanaan bisnis di sektor sumber daya alam sering bersingungan dan berdampak pada pemenuhan HAM. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan jenis pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa realitas pemenuhan HAM di sektor sumber daya alam tidak berjalan secara optimal dan bahkan melanggar prinsip-prinsip Bisnis dan HAM dalam Panduan Persatuan Bangsa-Bangsa mengenai Bisnis dan HAM (United Nation Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights/UNGP), baik prinsip perlindungan, penghormatan, dan pemulihan HAM. Kebijakan pengelolaan sumber daya alam merupakan kebijakan yang paling banyak diterbitkan di Indonesia menjadi tantangan tersendiri. Kerangka regulasi di sektor sumber daya alam yang cenderung sentralis, pragmatis, dan instrumentalis perlu dilakukan reformasi. Implikasi yang ditimbulkan akibat hal itu adalah terjadi berbagai patologi permasalahan seperti pencemaran dan kerusakan lingkungan, kekerasan terhadap kelompok rentan, marginalisasi, dan masyarakat hukum adat akibat konflik lahan dan kepemilikan, kesenjangan sosial, dan lain sebagainya. Selain itu, dibutuhkan norma aksi yang memadai dalam hal uji tuntas dan pemulihan HAM pada bisnis sektor sumber daya alam.Kata Kunci: HAM; Bisnis Sektor Sumber Daya Alam; Pemenuhan dan Tantangan
Tinjauan Yuridis Ratio Legis Syarat Usia Minumum Perkawinan Paska Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 22/PUU-XV/2017 Fredy Alpin Gunawan; Indah Dwi Qurbani; Tunggul Anshari
Media Iuris Vol. 6 No. 1 (2023): MEDIA IURIS
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mi.v6i1.40285

Abstract

AbstractMarriage aims to form a sakinah mawaddah warrahmah family, constitutionality issues arise when social problems occur as a result of early marriage and discriminatory differences between the age requirements of men and women. The Constitutional Court through its Decision 22/PUU-XV/2017 decided that the distinction was unconstitutional, and was ultimately followed up by the legislators. But in reality, there has been a surge in the volume of applications for dispensation for marriage, especially for women, because the age requirement has been increased. Therefore, this paper discusses: What is the ratio legis of the Marriage Law and its relationship to the development of regulations regarding the minimum age requirement for marriage? To answer that, normative research methods are used, with primary and secondary legal materials. Conclusion: The minimum age requirement for child marriage is experiencing social and legal developments. In the past, there were differences, through the Constitutional Court’s decision, finally, both men and women were equated with marriage. It is based on considerations of human rights law, particularly regarding the principle of non-discrimination based on gender. In fact, these changes have not been effectively implemented because there is a marriage dispensation instrument so that whoever submits it will surely be accepted by the court. Precisely with the addition of the minimum age requirement for marriage, it has an impact on the high volume of submissions for dispensation for marriage. AbstrakPerkawinan bertujuan membentuk keluarga sakinah mawaddah warrahmah, persoalan konstitusionalitas muncul ketika terjadi masalah sosial dampak dari pernikahan dini dan diskriminasi pembedaan antara syarat usia laki-laki dan perempuan. Mahkamah Konstitusi melalui Putusan 22/PUU-XV/2017 memutuskan bahwa pembedaan itu adalah inkonstitusional, dan akhirnya ditindakalnjuti oleh pembentuk undang-undang. Tetapi realitanya, justru terjadi lonjakan volume pengajuan dispenasasi kawin, khususnya perempuan lantaran syarat usianya dinaikan. Maka dari itu, tulisan ini membahas: Bagaimana ratio legis dari UU Perkawinan dan hubungannya dengan perkembangan pengaturan tentang syarat usia minimum perkawinan? Untuk menjawab itu, digunakan metode penelitian normatif, dengan bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Disimpulkan: Syarat usia minimum perkawinan anak mengalami perkembangan sosial dan hukum. Dahulu terdapat perbedaaan, melalui putusan MK akhirnya keduanya disamakan antara pria dan wanita yang hendak melakukan perkawinan. Hal itu didasarkan pada pertimbangan hukum hak asasi manusia, khususnya mengenai prinsip non-diskriminasi berdasarkan gender. Dalam kenyatannya, perubahan tersebut tidak kunjung efektif dilaksanakan karena terdapat instrumen dispensasi kawin sehingga siapaun yang mengajukan pasti akan diterima oleh pengadilan. Justru dengan adanya penambahan syarat usia minimum perkawinan itu berdampak pada tingginya volume pengajuan dispensasi kawin.
Co-Authors Aan Eko Widiarto Abdul Wahid Achadiah Rachmawati Agnes Harvelian Agnes Harvelian, Agnes Alamanda, Zazin F. Aristy, Tiara Putri Cassy, Retno W. N Dewi Cahyandari, Dewi Dorra Prisilia Fadli, Moh. Ferdiantoro, Seto Fredy Alpin Gunawan Herlindah Herlindah Hulwanullah, Hikam I Komang Kawi Arta Ilham Dwi Rafiqi Indah Febriani, Indah Intan Meitasari Irfan H. Djunaidi Istislam Istislam, Istislam Jundiani Jundiani Kamal, Muhammad Arif Kurniaty, Rika Kurniawan Sekar Angkoso Margaretha, Fransiska Marianus Marjono Marjono Muchamad Ali Safaat Muhammad Lukman Hakim Muhammad Lukman Hakim Muhammad Lukman Hakim Muhammad Lukman Hakim, Muhammad Lukman Muhammad Rafid Zuhdi Nur Chanifah Nurul Aprianti Paripurna, Mega Yustina Rachmad Safa'at Rafiqi, Ilham Dwi Rahma, Nabila Aulia Rahmatika, Nur Auliya Respati, Riskha Indah Risadde, Fahmi Rosya Safa'at, Rachmad Safa'at, Rachmad Safa’at, Muchamad Ali Safa’at, Rachmad Shinta Hadiyantina Sisca Fajriani Siti Azizah Suhariningsih Suhariningsih Sukarmi Sumarno, Theresia Syafa’at, Rachmad Syafi’i, R. Imam Rahmat Syaharini, Dessyta Miranda Trie Sulistiowarni Tunggul Ansari Setia Negara Utomo, Medea Rahmadhani Wanto, Alfi Haris Yofita, Emilda Yohana Maranatha