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Herlambang
Universitas Bengkulu
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Journal : Journal of Social Science

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The Transformation of Indonesian Criminal Law: Examining the Integration of Restorative Justice and Customary Institutions in the New Criminal Code Herlambang, Herlambang; Sudarti, Elly; Wahyudhi, Dheny
Journal Of Social Science (JoSS) Vol 4 No 12 (2025): Journal of Social Science
Publisher : Al-Makki Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57185/mqtaf670

Abstract

The global criminal law phenomenon shows a paradigm shift from retributive logic to restorative justice, along with increasing recognition of pluralism in local norms and values. In Indonesia, this change is embodied in Law No. 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code, which will come into effect on January 2, 2026, and affirms the mission of decolonization, modernization, and harmonization of criminal law. However, the integration of the formal norms of the new Criminal Code and customary law through restorative mechanisms raises critical questions regarding legal certainty, criminal responsibility, and victim protection. This study uses normative legal research, with analysis of the text of the law, judicial decisions, and customary law literature. The results of the study show that the recognition of customary institutions in the restorative process strengthens social recovery and community involvement, but at the same time raises normative challenges such as inconsistent sanctions, low accountability, and the potential for local bias. This study concludes that an objective regulatory framework is needed, such as accreditation of customary institutions, minimum procedural guidelines, and sentencing guidelines, so that this integration can guarantee the principles of justice, legal certainty, and criminal accountability. This study contributes theoretically to the discourse on legal pluralism and provides practical policy recommendations for legislators and judicial institutions.
Co-Authors Abdul Hadi, Husni Adiromdani Adiromdani Adrian, Adek Ahmad Syauqy Ainul Mardiati Akbidita, Putri Amelia Dwi Fitri, Amelia Dwi Andry Harjanto, Andry Anggelia Puspasari Antory Royan Adyan Armaidi Darmawan Aryani, Puspa Muthia Asrial Ave Olivia Rahman Bridges, Jim W. Budi Handono Citra Maharani Davinsi Josie Sidabutar dewi, hasna Dheny Wahyudhi Dhita, Gigih Juang Dianisa, Giva Divanna, Diora Asha Doaly, Deutmar Londo Doaly, Thom Deutmar Londo Elfiani Elliyanti, Aisyah Elliyanti Erny Kusdiyah Eryati Darwin Esa Indah Ayu, Esa Indah Essy Octavia Faried, Leri S Farried, Ahmad Fatahillah, Ikhwan Aulia Fernando, Zico Junius Fernando, Zico Junius Firman Fuad Wirakusumah Firmansyah Firmansyah Firmansyah, Frimansyah Gading, Patrick William Galih Purwo Gisnan, Fayyaz Aqsadia Guslaini Guslaini Hadi, Husni Abdul Hadziq, Fikran Haikal Gibran Sudarma, Muhammad Harahap, Asro Hayani Hasmita, Debby Helda Rahmasari Helda Rahmasari Herlita Eryke, Herlita Herlita Herlita Eryke Hiskia Hiskia, Hiskia Hulwa Atika Adilita Huntari Harahap Ismi Nurwaqiah Ibnu Jauhari, Rifqie Jinan, Riyadil Joni, Meidrin Jonny Simamora Karo, Lidia Br. Kesty, Cindy Kuwanto, Hiroyuki Lidia Br Karo Lidia Br. Karo M. Abdi M. Yamani Mardian, Lutfi Miranda, Melly Moniga, Agra Farellio Muhammad Abdi, Muhammad Muhammad Rusdi Mulyadi, Deri Nadi, Luh Navaro, Reeno Nopridayanti, Nopridayanti Nyimas Natasha Ayu Shafira Octaviani, Jelica Pamungkas, Tegar Firman Priswantoro, Andis Putra, Yagie Sagita Putri, Nadhilah Aulia Rahmasari, Helda Ramatillah, Diana Laila Randy Pradityo Randy Pradityo Rina Nofri Enis Rita Halim Rusli Rachman Samhori Samhori Sastrawan, Rusydi Sherly Mevitasari Sudarti . Sutrisno, Muhammad Al Farisi Suzan, Raihanah Syaiful Anwar Syukur, Astian Nathaniel Tarawifa, Susan Tengku Arief Buana Perkasa Titik Hindriati, Titik Usman Usman Vivi Tri Kasih Wahyu Indah Dewi Aurora Yagie Sagita Putra Yusuf Yusuf