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An Atherogenic Index of Plasma in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with and without Coronary Artery Disease Oktarina, Nur Hasni; Kurniawan, Liong Boy; Nurahmi, Nurahmi
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i2.2280

Abstract

Chronic hyperglycemia causes an increase in glycosylation products that induce inflammation and injury to the arterial wall, which will cause changes in the vascular tissue resulting in atherosclerosis. The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) has been suggested as a biomarker for atherosclerosis and has demonstrated a strong correlation with other atherosclerosis indices, including small dense LDL and LDL cholesterol. This study aimed to determine the AIP in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients with and without Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) complications. A retrospective cross-sectional study using medical record data of 73 T2DM patients without CAD complications and 73 T2DM patients with CAD complications at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital was carried out from January to December 2022. The diagnosis of T2DM and CAD was based on the clinician's diagnosis. An atherogenic index of plasma was calculated as log (triglyceride/HDL cholesterol). Samples were analyzed using SPSS version 25, using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistical test to assess data normality, Mann-Whitney test, the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve to assess Area Under Curve (AUC), and a determination of cut-off values. Statistical test results with p-values <0.05 were reported as significant. Atherogenic index of plasma values was significantly higher in T2DM with CAD complications than without CAD complications (0.51±0.25 vs. 0.30±0.11, p<0.001). The ROC curve analysis showed an optimal cut-off value of 0.36 to predict T2DM with CAD with 71% sensitivity, 62% specificity, and 66% accuracy. There was a significant association between high AIP values and CAD complications in T2DM. An atherogenic index of plasma value can be used to predict T2DM with CAD.
Analysis of Hemostasis Function in Obesity Subjects Using Thromboelastography Kasimat, Maria Magdalena; Nurahmi, Nurahmi; Kurniawan, Liong Boy
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i2.2326

Abstract

Hemostasis disorders can be caused by obesity, associated with decreased fibrinolysis, increased fibrinogen and plasminogen activator inhibitor activity. Thromboelastography shows hemostasis function from clots formation to the fibrinolysis process. This study aimed to determine the hemostasis function in obese compared to non-obese subjects using thromboelastography. A cross-sectional study at the Clinical Pathology Laboratory Installation of Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital. The study population was non-diabetic subjects who agreed to participate. Hemostasis tests using thromboelastography and analysis of R, K, Alpha angle, and Maximum Amplitude (MA) values were performed. The total number of research subjects was 40 subjects, consisting of 20 obese subjects and 20 non-obese subjects. In these two groups, there were no differences in the K (2.92±1.3 vs. 2.64±1.1, p=0.461), Alpha angle (54.18±9.2 vs. 56.29±10.5, p=0.372), and MA values (57.99±10.3 vs. 54.93±8.2, p=0.766). The obese group got a higher R-value than the non-obese group (7.45±1.8 vs. 4.11±1.2. p=0.006) The R-value was higher (elongated) in the obese subject than the non-obese subject. In the two subject groups, there were no differences in the K, Alpha angel, and MA values.
Correlation of Serum Creatinine Based on Cockcroft-Gault and CKD-EPI in Diabetes Mellitus Hasna, Hasna; Kurniawan, Liong Boy; Mangarengi, Fitriani
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i2.2327

Abstract

World Health Organization (WHO) predicts Indonesia's population with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) will rise from 8.4 million in 2000 to 21.3 million in 2030. The primary cause of disability and death in people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is nephropathy. The early stages of diabetic nephropathy are characterized by glomerular hyperfiltration and an increase in the estimated-Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR). Other markers of diabetic nephropathy in addition to eGFR are increased creatinine, albuminuria, and proteinuria. The currently developed formulas for eGFR assessment are the Cockcroft-Gault (CG) formula, the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), and Chronic Kidney Disease-Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI). This study aimed to determine the relationship between eGFR using the CKD-EPI formula for serum creatinine and CG in T2DM patients. Fifty-three DM patients participated in a cross-sectional study of the population of patients diagnosed with T2DM by clinicians at Hasanuddin University Hospital between March and June 2022. Version 25 of the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software was used to analyze the data. Statistical tests for the Normality of data distribution used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to determine the normality of data, the ANOVA test was used for comparison, and the Spearman test was used as a correlation test. The relationship between CKD-EPI and CG was highly correlated (r=0.868, p<0.001). Urine albumin levels and eGFR CKD EPI (r= -0.283, p=0.042) and CG (r= -0.282, p=0.043) showed a significant connection. There was a very strong relationship between CKD-EPI and CG.
Analysis of Handgrip Strength with Insulin Resistance in Male and Female Indonesian Adults Kurniawan, Liong Boy; Sheridan, Sabilla; Syafaat, Andi Wali; Surur, Andi Ainun Zulkiah; Nadhifah, Naurah; Afandi, Ichlas Nanang; Ariyandy, Andi; Basri, Muhammad Iqbal; Aminuddin, Aminuddin
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i2.2345

Abstract

Insulin resistance, a precursor to diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, has increased in prevalence in recent decades. Grip strength reflects muscle strength and is thought to provide an overview of the condition of insulin sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between insulin resistance and handgrip strength in male and female Indonesian adults. This cross-sectional study recruited 169 adult participants, 71 of the subjects were males and 98 of the subjects were females. Handgrip strength, insulin, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, and OGTT were measured, then the association between handgrip strength and insulin resistance was assessed. Linear regression analysis showed that in male subjects, relative handgrip strength was negatively associated with log HOMA-IR (univariate: B= -0.703, beta= -0.323, p=0.006; multivariate: B= -0.687, beta= -0.316, p=0.012) while no association was found in female subjects (univariate: B= -0.192, beta= -0.136, p=0.183; multivariate: B= -0.172, beta= -0.121, p=0.262). The optimal cut-off value of relative handgrip strength to assess insulin resistance is 0.45 (sensitivity 73.3%, specificity 73.1%) in the male group and 0.34 (sensitivity 68.4%, specificity 61.0%) in the female group. The weaker the handgrip strength in males, the higher the HOMA-IR value. In females, no significant correlation showed between handgrip strength and insulin resistance.
Association between Soluble Transferrin Receptor with Central Obesity Muh Taufiq; Liong Boy Kurniawan; Mansyur Arif
Journal of Health Science Community Vol. 2 No. 3 (2022): February
Publisher : Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Subclinical chronic inflammation in central obesity theoretically leads to hepcidin synthesis in large amount, which inhibits iron absorption and inhibits the release of iron stores from macrophages. This subsequently leads to an increase in soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) levels due to inadequate cellular iron. This study aims to determine the association between sTfR levels with central obesity. The study design was cross sectional with 75 subjects selected purposively. The sTfR level was determined using ELISA technique. Descriptive statistical method and bivariate analysis were employed to determine the association between these variables. The results showed that there was a significant difference in terms of sTfR levels of central obese individuals with those of non-central obese one. In line with this finding, waist circumference also exhibited a positive correlation with sTfR levels. In addition, we found no systematic relationship between gender and age with respect to sTfR levels. From these results, it was concluded that the sTfR levels were higher in subjects with central obesity compared to non-central obesity, and the greater the waist circumference, the higher the sTfR levels.
Analysis of Ferritin Levels, TIBC and Fe Serum In Central Obesity And Non Central Obesity Nuril Sofiantin; Liong Boy Kurniawan; Mansyur Arif
STRADA : Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021): May
Publisher : Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/sjik.v10i1.691

Abstract

Ferritin is an inflammatory marker in obesity, TIBC, Fe, and transferrin saturation by examining iron status. Anthropometric parameters of waist circumference are related to visceral fat. This study analyzed the levels of ferritin, TIBC, Fe, and transfer saturation in central and non-central obesity. The observational study (cross-sectional) used 75 subjects for 4 months. Ferritin using ECLIA, TIBC and Fe using immunoturbidimetric and colorimetric methods, transferrin saturation using the comparison method of Fe and TIBC values ​​in percent units. This study showed significant results on TIBC levels, while levels of ferritin, Fe, and transferrin saturation were not significant. The Spearman correlation test showed significant results between ferritin and waist circumference levels while TIBC, Fe, and transferrin saturation were not significant. In conclusion, there are significant differences in TIBC while ferritin, Fe, and transferrin saturation do not have significant differences between central and non-central obesity
Analysis of Urine Synaptopodin Levels in Non-Diabetic Adults with Obesity and without Obesity Sheridan, Sabilla; Samad , Raehana; Kurniawan, Liong Boy
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i3.2293

Abstract

Obesity correlates strongly with insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus and ultimately becomes a major risk factor for kidney disease. Podocytes play a crucial role in maintaining glomerular filtration balance. Synaptopodin is a proline-rich protein closely associated with the actin microfilaments in podocyte foot processes. This study aims to compare urinary synaptopodin levels in non-diabetic obese subjects with non-obese subjects. A cross-sectional study was conducted on males and females without diabetes mellitus who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Urinary synaptopodin levels were assessed using an ELISA method. The study included 70 participants, comprising 35 males and 35 females. There were 36 obese subjects and 34 non-obese subjects. No significant difference was found in urinary synaptopodin levels between non-obese and obese subjects (0.51±0.43 vs. 0.49±0.37 ng/dL, p=0.672). No correlation was found between urinary synaptopodin levels and body mass index (r = -0.060, p=0.623). Urinary synaptopodin levels did not differ significantly between non-obese and obese subjects.
Correlation between Serum Visfatin Level with Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Subjects Fadillah, Ismirayanti; Nurahmi, Nurahmi; Kurniawan, Liong Boy
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 31 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v31i3.2304

Abstract

Visfatin is an endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine peptide that functions in cell proliferation and glucose metabolism. Visfatin has insulin-like characteristics. Serum visfatin level is increased in diabetes mellitus subjects despite other contradicting results. The study aimed to investigate the correlation between serum visfatin level and glycemic control in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study was a cross-sectional involving all patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital as the research population. The research sample was all patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and had HbA1c examination results that met the inclusion criteria. The level of serum visfatin was measured using the ELISA technique from Biobase. Data were statistically analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Mann-Whitney test, and Spearman’s correlation test. The research sample consisted of 70 subjects who were grouped into good glycemic control and poor glycemic control based on HbA1c values. Serum level of visfatin did not significantly differ between those with good and poor glycemic control (0.54±0.58 vs. 0.51±0.45 ng/mL, p=0.990). The level of serum visfatin and HbA1c value did not significantly correlate (p=0.813).  
Analysis of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) with Urinary Albumin-Creatinine Ratio (uACR) in Non-Diabetic (DM) Subjects Wali Syafaat, Andi; Nurahmi; Kurniawan, Liong Boy
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 32 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v32i1.2434

Abstract

Insulin resistance (IR) is a conduit ion characterized by reduced sensitivity of peripheral tissues to the effects of insulin, resulting in a decrease in insulin's ability to stimulate glucose utilization in the body. This condition is not only found in obese subjects with diabetes mellitus (DM) but also in non-DM obese subjects. Kidney damage causes albuminuria, measured by calculating the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR). IR is considered a strong predictor for determining the risk of albuminuria. The relationship between IR and uACR in non-DM adults has not been further studied. This study aims to analyze the relationship between HOMA-IR and uACR in non DM adults. This is a cross-sectional study using a sample of 90 non-DM adult subjects aged 20-40 years. Insulin levels in the blood and uACR were measured using the ECLIA method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.No association was found between HOMA-IR and uACR in non-DM adult subjects (r = -0.55, p = 0.608). Furthermore, HOMA-IR had no relationship with uACR when classified by gender, age, or obesity status in non-DM adult subjects. There was no association between HOMA-IR and uACR in non-DM adult subjects.
Environmental Exposures, Clinical Allergy Symptoms, and Serum IgE in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study from Makassar, Indonesia Anaam, Andi Khairul; Liong Boy Kurniawan; Rafiah, Sitti; Zainuddin, Andi Alfian; Bahrun, Uleng
Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) Vol. 8 No. 11: NOVEMBER 2025 - Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/mppki.v8i11.8279

Abstract

Introduction: The global prevalence of allergic diseases has increased significantly, particularly among young adults. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) plays a central role in the pathophysiology of allergic responses and is considered a crucial biomarker in evaluating allergic sensitivity. However, the influence of environmental exposures and clinical complaints on serum IgE levels in adult populations remains understudied, especially in tropical developing countries. Methods: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between environmental factors and clinical complaints with serum IgE levels in a population of healthy young adults in Makassar, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 80 healthy adults aged 18–40 years. Environmental exposures and clinical symptoms were analyzed against serum IgE levels. Non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis) showed no significant associations. However, in the multivariate regression model, humidity was the only environmental factor significantly associated with serum IgE concentration. Results: The mean serum IgE level among participants was 176.8 IU/mL (SD ±196.9), with a wide distribution. No statistically significant associations were found between serum IgE levels and clinical complaints such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis (p > 0.05). Similarly, environmental exposures including cigarette smoke, dust, pet dander, and poor ventilation were not significantly related to IgE levels. Notably, high environmental humidity was negatively associated with serum IgE levels (p = 0.047). Most environmental factors and clinical complaints assessed in this study were not significantly associated with serum IgE concentrations in healthy young adults. Conclusion: The observed inverse association with high humidity suggests a potential modulatory role that warrants further investigation. Future longitudinal studies with larger samples are recommended to confirm these findings and provide stronger evidence to inform public health strategies in allergy prevention.
Co-Authors Adnan, Endy Afandi, Ichlas Nanang Aminuddin Aminuddin Anaam, Andi Khairul Andi Alfian Zainuddin Andi Munawirah Ani Kartini Arif Santoso Ariyandy, Andi Asvin Nurulita Asvin Nurulita Basri, Muhammad Iqbal Chika Pratiwi Darmawati E R Darmawaty ER Darmawaty ER, Darmawaty Darmawaty Rauf Darwati Muhadi Darwati Muhadi Esa, Tenri Fadillah, Ismirayanti Fitriani Mangarengi Fitriani Mangarengi FITRIANI MANGARENGI, FITRIANI Fitry Hamka Gustamin Gustamin Habibah S. Muhiddin Hardyansa Hasna, Hasna IRFAN IDRIS Kasimat, Maria Magdalena Mansyur Arif Mansyur Arif Mansyur Arif Mansyur Arif Mansyur Arif Martina Rentauli Megawati - Moonika Todingan Muh Taufiq Muh Taufiq Muhammad Fachrul Hidayat Mulyamin, Winda Mustakin Mustakin Mutiah Dwi Humairah Muyadhil Nurindar Nadhifah, Naurah Nurahmi Nurahmi Nurahmi Nurahmi Nurahmi Nurahmi Nurahmi Nurahmi Nurahmi Nurahmi, Nurahmi Nurhayana Sennang Nurhayana Sennang, Nurhayana Nuril Sofiantin Oktarina, Nur Hasni Pratiwi, Chika Putri Hidayasyah Purnama Lestari Putri Hidayasyah Purnama Lestari R Satriono Rachmawati Muhiddin Rafiah, Sitti Ratna Dewi Artati Rauf, Darmawaty Ruland DN Pakasi Ruland DN Pakasi Ruland DN Pakasi Ruland DN. Pakasi Samad , Raehana Sheridan, Sabilla Sri Anita Suci Aprianti suci aprianti sukmawaty - Surur, Andi Ainun Zulkiah Suryani Jamal Syafaat, Andi Wali Tenri Esa Uleng Bahrun Uleng Bahrun Uleng Bahrun Uleng Bahrun, Uleng Wali Syafaat, Andi Wandani Syahrir Widaningsih, Yuyun Yunita Rapa Yunita Rapa&#039; Yunita Rapa' Yustisia, Ika Yuyun Widaningsih