Ade Dharmawan
Departemen Mikrobiologi Klinik, Fakultas Kedokteran Dan Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile in Urinary Tract Infection Patients at Tarakan Regional Hospital Dharmawan, Ade; Wijaya, Pande I Gede Indra; Septiana, Yorisye; Pasaribu, Donna Mesina Rosadini; Tan, Henny Tannady; Simanjuntak, Lasma Susi F.
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2024): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.5.1.28-35

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in the community and hospital. In Indonesia, the incidence of UTI reaches 180,000 new cases per year. The most common pathogenic bacteria causing UTIs are dominated by Escherichia coli. Early empirical treatment of UTI cases can reduce morbidity. Knowing the pathogenic bacteria involved in urinary tract infections and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns is necessary to provide appropriate empirical therapy. Purposes: Describe bacterial patterns and susceptibility profiles in urinary tract infection patients. Methods: A retrospective UTI dataset between 2019-2021whom admitted to Tarakan Regional General Hospital with a diagnosis of UTI. Resistance marker data for ESBL were obtained from the results of identification and resistance using the BD PhoenixTM Automated Microbiology System (Becton Dickinson, USA). The data was analyzed descriptively. Results: As many as 40 isolates were analyzed. Consist of E.coli (37.5%), Enterococcus faecium (20%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.5%). The ESBL-producing E.coli bacteria rate reached 60%, while ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae reached 100%. Conclusion: E. coli was the most common pathogen, with the highest antibiotic sensitivity being imipenem, meropenem, and amikacin.
Knowledge and attitudes towards antibiotic resistance among health profession students in Indonesia Syahniar, Rike; Farsida, Farsida; Kosasih, Audia Nizhma Nabila; Mardhia, Mardhia; Bekti, Heri Setiyo; Marpaung, Nurasi Lidya E.; Dharmawan, Ade; Indriyani, Indriyani; Husna, Ismalia; Amany, Hana Amirah
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 13, No 1: March 2024
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v13i1.23139

Abstract

Abuse and overuse of antibiotics cause the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance. Doctors, nurses, midwives, and pharmacy professionals play an essential role in providing information and education on the use of antibiotics to the public. This study aims to compare and identify the factors that influence the knowledge and attitudes of students’ medicine, midwifery, pharmacy, and nursing toward antimicrobial resistance. An online crosssectional survey involving 530 medical, midwifery, pharmacy, and nursing students who are currently in the clinical or professional study stage. The Mann–Whitney U test and the Kruskal–Wallis test was run to assess differences in the mean scores of knowledges and attitudes. Factors related to knowledge and attitudes regarding antibiotic resistance were analyzed using linear regression. Most (93%) students have a good level of knowledge and have a positive attitude 49.81%, neutral 43.78%, and negative 6.41%. There was a relationship between age (p=0.012), major (p=0.000), source of information (p=0.013), and knowledge and attitudes about antibiotics (p<0.05). We conclude that there are differences in knowledge and attitudes toward antibiotic resistance among clinical-stage students of medicine, midwifery, pharmacy, and nursing. We found that essential knowledge and attitudes should be revised regarding antibiotic resistance.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus Andini, KD Ayu Asti; Dharmawan, Ade; Layanto, Nicolas
Jurnal MedScientiae Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36452/JMedScientiae.v3i3.3473

Abstract

Plants are a source of various types of chemical compounds that have many benefits, one of which is as antibacterial agents. One of the plants known for its antibacterial properties is the moringa leaf (Moringa oleifera). This research aims to determine whether moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) possess antibacterial activity, as well as to identify the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of moringa leaf extract against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This research method uses the dilution method. The results of the research indicate that moringa leaf extract has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus at concentrations of 20%, 40%, and 80%. It was found that as the concentration increases, the antibacterial activity inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus also increases.
Mikrobiota Usus dan Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2: Sebuah Tinjauan Komprehensif Antoni, Marcel; Dharmawan, Ade
Jurnal Ners Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): JANUARI 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jn.v9i1.38278

Abstract

Diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2) adalah penyakit metabolik yang sangat umum di seluruh dunia. Menurut studi terbaru, patofisiologi DMT2 berkaitan dengan keseimbangan mikrobiota usus. Tinjauan pustaka ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara mikrobiota usus dan DMT2, mengevaluasi jalur biologis yang mendasari, dan menyelidiki terapi berbasis mikrobiota. Melalui proses yang meliputi sintesis metabolit mikroba, peradangan sistemik, dan permeabilitas usus, mikrobiota usus memainkan peran penting dalam DMT2. Sensitivitas insulin dan kontrol glikemik dapat ditingkatkan dengan pendekatan terapi seperti transplantasi mikrobiota fekal (FMT), penggunaan probiotik, dan prebiotik. Meskipun temuan ini dapat memberikan informasi untuk strategi pencegahan dan pengobatan DMT2, penelitian lanjutan diperlukan untuk memahami mekanisme spesifik dan mengembangkan intervensi yang lebih efektif.
The Outcome of Patients with Sepsis at Tarakan Hospital Central Jakarta in 2018 Dharmawan, Ade; Istia, Mieke Joseba; Tan, Henny Tannady; Suparto, Suparto; Anastasia, Monica Cherlady; Layanto, Nicolas
Muhammadiyah Medical Journal Vol 2, No 2 (2021): Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (MMJ)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine and Health Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (468.53 KB) | DOI: 10.24853/mmj.2.2.49-54

Abstract

Background: Sepsis is a common, life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. In 2017, estimated cases for sepsis reached 48.9 million worldwide, with 11 million deaths. Adequate antibiotic therapy is crucial for the treatment of sepsis. Purposes: The objective of this study is to find factors related to sepsis patient outcomes. Methods: We conducted a 1-year retrospective descriptive study with the inclusion criteria of all adult sepsis patients in Tarakan District Hospital in 2018. We compiled 39 samples that fit the inclusion criteria. Results: The distribution gender of this study were 51.2% female and 48.8% male patients; with most patients in the age of 65 years old (53.8%), 7 days in the length of stay (72%), and the most common source of infection was gastrointestinal (33.3%) followed by lungs (28.2%). Conclusion: We found a mortality rate of 59%, with the most common source of infection leading to death was the lungs (81.2%) and treated with single ceftriaxone antibiotic therapy (78.3%). Another factor associated with mortality is inadequate single antibiotic therapy.
Profil Bakteri Patogen dan Kepekaannya pada Pasien Ventilator Associated Pneumonia dengan Infeksi COVID- 19 di Rumah Sakit UKRIDA¬ Christopher, Jeremy; Dharmawan, Ade; Pasaribu, Donna Mesina; Layanto, Nicolas
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol. 11 No. 3 (2022): Online November 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v11i3.1998

Abstract

The use of ventilators during the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the incidence of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP). This is accompanied by a trend of antibiotic resistance resulting from irrational use. The emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria during the pandemic presents a challenge due to limited antibiotic options. Objective: To determined the pathogenic bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility in Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) patients with COVID-19 infection. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a retrospective approach using secondary data from the medical records of UKRIDA Hospital patients from January 2021 to August 2021. Results: Most of the study sample had characteristics of being male (71.9%), aged 25-64 years (78.1%), overweight (40.6%), and hypertension (40.6%) as the comorbid. Gram-negative bacteria is the pre-dominated bacteria in this study, with Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia being the most isolated bacteria. Antibiotics such as colistin still showed good susceptibility to Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae, with 75% and 90% sensitivities, respectively. Antibiotics such as linezolid, tigecycline, and gentamicin-synergy still showed (100%) sensitivity to all Gram-positive bacteria. Conclusion: The discovery of MDR bacteria in patients with VAP and the limited availability of susceptible antibiotics highlights the importance of conducting antibiotic resistance surveillance and infection control, especially in the era of COVID-19.Keywords:  antibiotic susceptibility, bacteria profile, COVID-19, VAP
Profil Klinis dan Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik Penderita Demam Tifoid di RSUD Tarakan Dharmawan, Ade; Widya, Widya; Wijaya, Diana; Gunardi, Wani Devita; Antoni, Marcel
Jurnal Ners Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): APRIL 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jn.v9i2.43471

Abstract

Demam tifoid merupakan penyakit endemik yang sering terabaikan dan tidak diobati sehingga dapat terjadi resistensi antibiotik. Prevalensi demam tifoid di Jakarta dan provinsi lain di Indonesia tersebar merata tetapi bergantung dengan faktor yang mempengaruhi yaitu sanitasi lingkungan dan kebersihan diri. Demam tifoid dapat diderita oleh semua orang terutama perempuan dan berusia 18 – 60 tahun. Untuk menegakkan diagnosis, pemeriksaan penunjang harus dilakukan yaitu dengan pemeriksaan immunoserologi seperti widal atau tubex. Profil klinis penyakit ini tidak spesifik dan sering disangka penyakit ringan dengan ciri khas demam tinggi pada malam hari. Desain penelitian dilakukan yaitu cross sectional yang bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan retrospektif dan diambil melalui data sekunder yaitu rekam medis pasien. Penelitian ini juga melakukan evaluasi antibiotik yang diberikan kepada penderita. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan profil klinis paling banyak diderita adalah demam. Untuk pemeriksaan penunjang yang dilakukan yaitu tubex (72 %) dan widal (28 %). Antibiotik yang paling banyak digunakan adalah seftriakson (86 %), antibiotik lini kedua ini efektif untuk pasien rawat inap demam tifoid. Ketepatan antibiotik yang diberikan, dosis, frekuensi dan lama pemberian terdapat perbedaan dengan Konsensus Demam Tifoid karena pasien demam tifoid di RSUD Tarakan menderita penyakit penyerta yaitu COVID – 19 sehingga antibiotik yang diberikan harus disesuaikan untuk penyembuhan optimal.
Unusual Polymicrobial Wound Infections In Healthy Patient After Cesarean Sectio Tan, Henny Tannady; Elena, Irene Maria; Dharmawan, Ade; Layanto, Nicolas
Jurnal Midpro Vol. 12 No. 1 (2020): JURNAL MIDPRO
Publisher : Universitas Islam Lamongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30736/md.v12i1.151

Abstract

Cesarean delivery often complicated by surgical site infection, wound infection and endometritis. No study mention Multidrug Resistant Klebsiella pneumonia and Acinetobacter lwofii were isolated.Here we report a rare case of polymicrobial wound infections in healthy patient after Cesarean Sectio caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Multidrug Resistant Klebsiella pneumonia and Acinetobacter iwofii. A 30-year-old woman at 37 weeks gestation (G1P0A0) presented to our hospital for cesarean sectio due to oligohydroamnios and malpresentation. She came to us on the eleventh post-delivery day with discharge from her surgical wound. Intraoperative cultures revealed Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Multidrug Resistant Klebsiella pneumonia and Acinetobacter lwofii.The greatest contribution to risk for surgical site infection was associated with maternal obesity and hypertensive disorder, but she has no risk factor.The polymicrobial combination of our patient’s is unique from previously described studies, in this case all were Gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Multidrug Resistant Klebsiella pneumonia and Acinetobacter lwofii).
Sensitivitas Fosfomycin pada ISK Akibat Infeksi Enterobacteriaceae Penghasil ESBL pada Pasien di RS X Tahun 2023 William Dharma Wijaya; Layanto, Nicolas; Dharmawan, Ade
Jurnal MedScientiae Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36452/jmedscientiae.v4i2.3575

Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in humans. However, intensive and extensive use and misuse of antibiotics over the past 50 years such as in the use of carbapenems, resistance to antibiotics increased dramatically in recent years, especially in Enterobacteriaceae. This study aims to determine the sensitivity of fosfomycin as an drug option in treating UTI due to Extended-spectrum-β-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the era of increasing antibiotic resistance. This study is an analytical descriptive study with a cross-sectional observational design, by looking at the sensitivity pattern of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae causing UTI at a certain point in time. This study used secondary data in the form of microbiology laboratory results at Hospital X in 2023. The results showed that ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae causing urinary tract infections were dominantly found Escherichia coli (79.41%). The level of fosfomycin sensitivity to non-ESBL-producing and ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae is very good and there are no significant differences in the results of the use of fosfomycin in urinary tract infections due to non-ESBL-producing and ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, with the percentage being (91.31%) and (91.17%). Thus fosfomycin can be a drug option in treating UTI due to ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae infection.
Extensive Subcutaneous Abscess in a Patient with Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Report Tan, Henny Tannady; Wijaya, Jefri; Dharmawan, Ade; Layanto, Nicolas
Journal of Current Research In Multidisciplinary Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): JCRIM (Journal of Current Research In Multidisciplinary)
Publisher : Yayasan Gema Bina Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Abscess is a collection of pus in a tissue, usually caused by bacterial infection. The main symptoms of abscess are local pain, warmth and oedema (if the abscess is located close to the skin layer) or can be accompanied by constitutional symptoms (if the abscess is far from the skin layer or deep). In this case report, we report a case of extensive subcutaneous abscess in a woman with diabetes mellitus complicated by sepsis. The patient came with complaints of enlarged boils in the abdominal area for 2 weeks ago, this complaint was accompanied by other signs and symptoms of infection. The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) in 2014 classified SSTI into purulent (furuncles, carbuncles, and abscesses) and non-purulent (cellulitis, erysipelas, and necrotizing infections). There are several predisposing factors for skin abscesses, namely skin trauma, oedema caused by impaired lymphatic flow and venous insufficiency, obesity, immunosuppressive conditions (diabetes, HIV), previous infections (tinea, impetigo, varicella) and previous venous actions. Patients with sepsis syndrome or life-threatening infections need immediate surgical intervention and given combination antibiotics.