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Khatimah, Husnul
Biomedic Departement, Biology Division, Faculty Of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan
Religion Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Control & Systems Engineering Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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PERBEDAAN RERATA NILAI GEJALA NEGATIF SKIZOFRENIA PADA PRIA DAN WANITA DI RUMAH SAKIT JIWA SAMBANG LIHUM Muna Muna; Sherly Limantara; Husnul Khatimah
Homeostasis Vol 2, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Homeostasis

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Abstract

Abstract: Schizophrenia is the one of serious health problems in society, causing high disability, it really needs special treatments. Negative symptoms of schizophrenia are symptoms characterized by blunted affect, emotional withdrawal, poor rapport, apathetic, difficulty in abstract thinking, lack of spontaneity and flow of conversation, and stereotyped thinking.  The purposive of this study are to know the differences of negative symptoms mean value of schizophrenia between men and women in Mental Hospital Sambang Lihum. Research methods used is observational analytic with cross sectional study. Samples are taken purposively sampling and found 30 men and 30 women. Negative symptoms is measured with negative symptoms of PANSS and then analyzed using independent t test. The result is negative symptoms mean value in men 3,381±5,241 and women 2,871±6,183. The conclusion this study shows that there is differences of negative symptoms mean value of schizophrenia between men and women. Keywords: schizophrenia, negative symptoms, gender Abstrak: Skizofrenia adalah masalah kesehatan yang serius di masyarakat, menyebabkan disabilitas yang tinggi, dan sangat membutuhkan perawatan. Gejala negatif skizofrenia adalah skizofrenia yang ditandai dengan adanya afek tumpul, penarikan emosional, kemiskinan rapport, apatis, kesulitan berpikir abstrak, kurangnya spontanitas dan arus pikir, serta pemikiran stereotipik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan rerata nilai gejala negatif skizofrenia pada pria dan wanita di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Sambang Lihum. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel diambil secara purposive sampling dan didapatkan 30 orang pria dan 30 orang wanita. Gejala negatif diukur dengan menggunakan skala negatif dari PANSS kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan.  Dari penelitian diperoleh rerata gejala negatif pada pria adalah 3,381±5,241 dan wanita 2,871±6,183. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan rerata nilai gejala negatif skizofrenia pada pria dan wanita. Kata-kata kunci: skizofrenia, gejala negatif, jenis kelamin
Identifikasi Staphylococcus aureus pada Air Galon Bermerek dan Isi Ulang di Banjarmasin Dea Afrila; Rahmiati Rahmiati; Husnul Khatimah; Ida Yuliana
Homeostasis Vol 3, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Homeostasis

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Abstract

Abstract: Refilled drinking water and bottled drinking water are the main choices of drinking water consumed by the community. Drinking water is labeled safe for consumption if it meets the physical, microbiological, chemical, and radioactive requirements. The requirements for suitable drinking water have been regulated by the Health Ministry of the Republic of Indonesia NO.492MENKES/PER/IV/2010 and Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 7388 of the year 2009. Consumed water should not contain Staphylococcus aureus because it can cause various diseases such as diarrhea, chron's disease, ulcerative colitis, and poisoning. The purpose of this study was to obtain a view of the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in refilled drinking water and bottled drinking water. This study is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach. The identification of bacteria was performed by isolating the sample on Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) media. Bacteriological testing was tested out on thirty samples consisting of fifteen refillable drinking water and fifteen bottled drinking water. The results showed that five out of fifteen refilled drinking water samples were positive contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus and all samples of bottled drinking water were negative of Staphylococcus aureus contamination. Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, refill gallon water, branded gallon, Banjarmasin Abstrak: Air minum isi ulang dan air minum bermerek menjadi pilihan utama yang dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Air minum aman dikonsumsi apabila telah memenuhi persyaratan secara fisika, mikrobiologi, kimia, radioaktif. Persyaratan air minum yang layak dikonsumsi telah diatur oleh Menteri Kesehatan RI NO.492MENKES/PER/IV/2010 dan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 7388 tahun 2009. Air yang dikonsumsi tidak boleh mengandung Staphylococcus aureus karena dapat mengakibatkan penyakit seperti diare, chorn’s disease, ulcerative colitic dan keracunan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh gambaran keberadaan Staphylococcus aureus pada air galon isi ulang dan air galon bermerek. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif. dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian identifikasi bakteri dengan cara mengisolasi sampel pada media Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA). Pengujian bakteriologis dilakukan terhadap tiga puluh sampel yang terdiri dari lima belas sampel air galon isi ulang dan lima belas sampel air galon bermerek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lima dari lima belas sampel air galon isi ulang positif terkontaminasi Staphylococcus aureus dan lima belas sampel air galon bermerek negatif Staphylococcus aureus. Kata-kata kunci: Staphylococcus aureus,  air galon isi ulang, air galon bermerek, Banjarmasin
Gambaran Most Probable Number Air Galon Bermerek dan Isi Ulang di Banjarmasin Rosmitha Monikayani; Husnul Khatimah; Noor Muthmainah; Rahmiati Rahmiati; Ika Kustiyah Oktaviyanti
Homeostasis Vol 3, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Homeostasis

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Abstract

Abstract: Branded gallon water and refill gallon water become the primary choice of Indonesian people to fill their demand to daily drinking water. PERMENKES number 492 in 2010 stated that water for consumption shouldn’t contain any coliform bacteria. The purpose of this study was to describe Most Probable Number in branded gallons water and refill gallons water in Banjarmasin. The method used in this study was descriptive cross-sectional. This MPN test was using table of Thomas 511. The results showed that from 15 of 15 samples branded gallons water in Banjarmasin, the Most Probable Number were 0/100mL. Besides, refill gallons water in Banjarmasin from 5 of 15 samples showed that the Most Probable Number were 2/100mL. It means branded gallons water in Banjarmasin didn’t contain any coliform bacteria while refill gallons water in Banjarmasin have to give control to depots because it was contain coliform bacteria. Keywords: most probable number (mpn), branded gallons water, refill gallons water. Abstrak: Air galon bermerek dan isi ulang menjadi pilihan utama masyarakat Indonesia untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air minum sehari-hari. PERMENKES No.492 tahun 2010 mengatur bahwa air yang dikonsumsi tidak boleh mengandung bakteri coliform. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran Most Probable Number air galon bermerek dan isi ulang di Banjarmasin. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Uji Most Probable Number ini menggunakan tabel MPN Thomas 5 1 1. Hasil penelitian 15 dari 15 sampel air galon bermerek di Banjarmasin mempunyai nilai Most Probable Number 0/100mL. Sedangkan, air galon isi ulang di Banjarmasin menunjukan 5 dari 15 sampel mendapatkan nilai Most Probable Number 2/100mL. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa air galon bermerek di Banjarmasin tidak mengandung bakteri coliform, sedangkan air galon isi ulang di Banjarmasin perlu dilakukan pengawasan yang lebih karena mengandung bakteri coliform. Kata-kata kunci: most probable number (mpn), air galon bermerek, air galon isi ulang.
Identifikasi Escherichia coli pada Air Galon Bermerek dan Isi Ulang di Banjarmasin Rizkiya Novita; Rahmiati Rahmiati; Husnul Khatimah; Noor Muthmainnah; Ida Yuliana
Homeostasis Vol 3, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Homeostasis

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Abstract

Abstract: The use of branded galon water and galon water from refill galon water is increasing every year. Both of them must fulfill the regulations of PERMENKES number 492/MENKES/IV/2010 in this regulation the maximum level of Escherichia coli in a 100 ml water sample is 0. This research aims to determine whether there is any contamination of Escherichia coli in branded galon water and refill galon water. This study used by taking samples from 5 brands of branded galon water and 5 refill galon. 3 samples were taken from each brand and each refill galon, thus 15 samples of branded galon water and 15 samples of refill galon water were obtained.  The samples were tested by conventional method like MPN test, gram staining and biochemistry test. The results showed that 5 out of 15 refill galon samples contain Escherichia coli, and no branded galon water samples contain any Escherichia coli. Keywords: Escherichia coli, branded gallon water, refill gallon water, Banjarmasin Abstrak: Penggunaan air galon bermerek dan air galon isi ulang dari depot air minum isi ulang (DAMIU) dari tahun ketahun semakin meningkat. Air galon bermerek maupun air air galon isi ulang keduanya harus memenuhi persyaratan PERMENKES nomor 492/MENKES/IV/2010 dengan ketentuan kadar maksimal Escherichia coli dalam 100 ml sampel adalah 0.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat cemaran Escherichia coli pada air galon bermerek dan air galon isi ulang dari DAMIU. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel dari 5 merek air galon bermerek dan 5 tempat DAMIU. Setiap merek dan setiap DAMIU kemudian di ambil 3 sampel, sehingga menjadi 15 sampel air galon bermerek dan 15 sampel DAMIU.. Sampel kemudian di uji secara konvensional, menggunakan uji MPN, pewarnaan gram dan uji. Hasil identifikasi menunjukan 5 dari 15 sampel DAMIU mengandung Escherichia coli, dan tidak ditemukan Escherichia coli pada AMDK.  Kata-kata kunci: Escherichia coli,  air galon bermerek, air galon isi ulang, Banjarmasin.
Aktivitas Antibakteri Infus Kayu Laban (Vitex pubescens Vahl.) terhadap Escherichia coli dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa Salsabella Firqah Najiyah; Edyson Edyson; Husnul Khatimah
Homeostasis Vol 4, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Homeostasis

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Abstract

Abstract: Laban (Vitex pubescens Vahl.) is a plant often used as herbal medicine by Dayak community. It has antibacterial properties as it contains active compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, steroids and terpenoids. This study was aimed to assess the antibacterial activity of laban wood infusions against Escherichia coli (E.coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa). This study used true experimental methods with posttest-only design with control group design, the concentration of laban wood infusion were 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, with ciprofloxacin and sterile aquadest as positive and negative control. The data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and Post-hoc Duncan (α=0,05), with substantial differences (p<0.05) in all treatments. The highest inhibitory zone of laban wood infusion is at concentration of 100% against E.coli (18.67 mm), and P.aeruginosa (17.07 mm). It was concluded that laban wood infusion had antibacterial activity against E.coli and P.aeruginosa. Keywords: Laban wood infusion, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, antibacterial. Abstrak: Laban (Vitex pubescens Vahl) adalah contoh tumbuhan yang umumnya dimanfaatkan masyarakat dayak sebagai obat herbal. Laban diketahui mempunyai antibakteri karena mengandung senyawa aktif flavonoid, alkaloid, fenol, steroid, dan terpenoid. Studi ini memiliki tujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antibakteri dari infus kayu laban terhadap Escherichia coli (E.coli) dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa). Studi ini memanfaatkan metode true eksperimental dengan rancangan posttest-only with control group design, perlakuan yang digunakan yakni infus kayu laban konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, dan 100%, dengan siprofloksasin sebagai kontrol positif dan aquadest steril sebagai kontrol negatif. Analisis data memanfaatkan uji One-Way ANOVA dan Post-hoc Duncan (α=0,05) ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05) pada seluruh perlakuan. Rerata zona hambat tertinggi dari perlakuan infus kayu laban yaitu pada konsentrasi 100% terhadap E.coli (18,67 mm) dan P.aeruginosa (17,07 mm). Disimpulkan bahwa infus kayu laban mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri bagi E.coli serta P.aeruginosa. Kata-kata kunci:    Infus kayu laban, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, antibakteri.
Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Activities of Methanol Extract from Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana [Turcz.] Fruit Isnaini Isnaini; Rosinta Dewi Achmadiyah; Gelvia Awaeh; Husnul Khatimah; Alfi Yasmina
Jurnal Sains dan Terapan Kimia Vol 17, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jstk.v17i1.13055

Abstract

Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana [Turcz.] Barlow (M. cajuputi) is a plant that is easily found in Banjarmasin. M. cajuputi contains phytochemical compounds in the form of polyphenols including flavonoids, quinons, saponins, and alkaloids that are thought to have antioxidant and antiproliferation activities. The aim of this research was to find out analyze antioxidant and antiproliferation activity of M. cajuputi fruit methanol extract. The antioxidant activity was tested using the DPPH method. The activities were observed in IC50 and were measured using the UV-VIS spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 517 nm. To test the antiproliferation, true experimental with post-test was applied in this research.  Animal used in this study were 30 mature zebras (length > 2.5 cm) which were grouped into 4, namely the negative control group (DMSO 0.05%), the methanol extract group of M. cajuputi with concentrations of 18.5 ppm, 37 ppm and 74 ppm. The bound variable in this study was antiproliferation activity in the tail of an amputated fish. Data analysis was measured by one-way ANOVA and Post-Hoc Tukey HSD tests. Phytochemical results obtained the presence of phenol compounds, cuinons, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids and terpenoids. Methanol extract of Melaleuca cajuputi subsp Cumingiana [Turcz.] Barlow fruit was at IC50 of 15.50 ppm (95% CI 8.31- 32.72).  The antiproliferation activity of zebrafish tails increased in the administration of fruit extract Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. Cumingiana [Turcz.] Barlow in consentration of 74 ppm (p<0.05), both on day 4 and day 8 of measurement when compared to negative controls. It can be concluded that methanol extract of Melaleuca cajuputi subsp Cumingiana [Turcz.] Barlow fruit has antiproliferative activity against the growth of amputated zebrafish tails.
KARAKTERISTIK PASIEN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE YANG DILAKUKAN HEMODIALISIS DI RSUD ULIN BANJARMASIN SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 Tinjauan Terhadap Usia, Jenis Kelamin, Pendidikan, Pekerjaan, Status Pernikahan, Riwayat Penyakit Penyerta, Riwayat Terpajan Virus COVID-19 Raden Abyuta Wiksa Pranandhira; Eka Yudha Rahman; Husnul Khatimah
Homeostasis Vol 6, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/ht.v6i1.8790

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) merupakan kelainan struktur atau fungsi pada ginjal yang berlangsung selama >3 bulan. Pasien dengan penyakit CKD yang dihemodialisis rentan terpajaan virus COVID-19 karena pasien tersebut memiliki gabungan faktor risiko seperti usia yang tua, sistem kekebalan yang kurang efisien akibat status uremik, diabetes serta hipertensi. Tujuan umum penelitian adalah mengetahui karakteristik pasien Chronic Kidney Disease yang dilakukan hemodialisis di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin selama pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medis. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive samplingdengan subyek berjumlah 100 data rekam medis. Hasil dan kesimpulan penelitian ini didapatkan karakteristik usia pasien terbanyak adalah 46-55 tahun sejumlah 41 orang (41%), karakteristik jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah laki-laki sejumlah 58 orang (58%), karakteristik tingkat pendidikan terbanyak adalah SMA sejumlah 47 orang (47%), karakteristik pekerjaan terbanyak adalah ibu rumah tangga sejumlah 22 orang (22%), karakteristik status pernikahan terbanyak adalah menikah sejumlah 91 orang (91%), karakteristik penyakit penyerta terbanyak adalah hipertensi sejumlah 43 orang (43%), dan karakteristik riwayat terpajan virus COVID-19 sejumlah 22 orang (22%).Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) merupakan kelainan struktur atau fungsi pada ginjal yang berlangsung selama >3 bulan. Pasien dengan penyakit CKD yang dihemodialisis rentan terpajaan virus COVID-19 karena pasien tersebut memiliki gabungan faktor risiko seperti usia yang tua, sistem kekebalan yang kurang efisien akibat status uremik, diabetes serta hipertensi. Tujuan umum penelitian adalah mengetahui karakteristik pasien Chronic Kidney Disease yang dilakukan hemodialisis di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin selama pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medis. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling dengan subyek berjumlah 100 data rekam medis. Hasil dan kesimpulan penelitian ini didapatkan karakteristik usia pasien terbanyak adalah 46-55 tahun sejumlah 41 orang (41%), karakteristik jenis kelamin terbanyak adalah laki-laki sejumlah 58 orang (58%), karakteristik tingkat pendidikan terbanyak adalah SMA sejumlah 47 orang (47%), karakteristik pekerjaan terbanyak adalah ibu rumah tangga sejumlah 22 orang (22%), karakteristik status pernikahan terbanyak adalah menikah sejumlah 91 orang (91%), karakteristik penyakit penyerta terbanyak adalah hipertensi sejumlah 43 orang (43%), dan karakteristik riwayat terpajan virus COVID-19 sejumlah 22 orang (22%).
Optimizing PAMSIMAS management: community-based training to enhance knowledge and skills of Village Officials in Banjar Regency Husnul Khatimah; Fakhrurrazy Fakhrurrazy; M Zakiyuddin; Afif Fakhri
Community Empowerment Vol 9 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/ce.10522

Abstract

The Community-Based Drinking Water and Sanitation Provision Program (PAMSIMAS) serves as a community-driven platform for rural drinking water and sanitation development. In the Banjar Regency area, PAMSIMAS management faces challenges, including a limited number of available water reservoirs and a slow water-filling process into these reservoirs. Additionally, there is a shortage of qualified human resources for community training. To address these issues, activities were conducted to enhance community skills in maintaining PASMIMAS equipment. Collaboration took place with work units in the Banjar Regency government, involving 30 village officials in the West Martapura District. The method employed included lectures and question-and-answer sessions. The analysis utilized to evaluate the training's success involved pre-test and post-test assessments. The results indicated an increase in participants' knowledge, with a pre-test average of 40.66 and a post-test average of 70.50, yielding a p-value of > 0.00 (paired t-test). In conclusion, this training effectively enhanced PAMSIMAS knowledge among village officials.
Anti-Biofilm Activity of Ethanol Extract of Citrus hystrix Dc. Against Opportunistic Pathogenic Microbes In-Vitro Budiarti, Lia Yulia; Khatimah, Husnul; Ridhoni, Muhammad Zaki; Hafizhah, Ghina; Fachriyad, Muhammad; Arietama, George
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18765

Abstract

Opportunistic pathogenic microbes are often a problem in the treatment of infections because of their ability to form biofilms. The structure of the irreversible components of the glycocalyx or microbial capsule plays a role in protecting it from antimicrobial exposure and disinfection. The effectiveness of antibiofilms needs to be evaluated, including those from natural preparations. Citrus hystrix DC. (C.hystrix) contains antimicrobial compounds and its activity as an antibiofilm needs to be known. This experimental research aims to test the anti-biofilm effect of C.hystrix extract against standard microbial isolates. The dilution method with tube-test was used to analyze the antibiofilm effect of a combination of C. hystrix leaf and peel extracts (6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) with 70% ethanol control. Antibiofilm observations are qualitatively based on the Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Concentration (MBIC) and quantitatively based on the Mean Gray Value (MGV) of biofilm intensity. The results of observations in 3 experiments showed that the MBIC of C.hystix extract was 6.25% for gram-positive bacteria and 12.5% for gram-negative bacteria and Candida. The average MGV of C.hystrix extract was 75%, equivalent to 70% ethanol for all test microbes (p.0.05). The highest average MGV was produced by 100% combination extracts for S.epidermidis (138,09±0,36), S.aureus (135,69±2,01), E.coli (134,75±0,89), P.aeruginosa (130,76±0,24), and C.albicans (130,41±0,41). In conclusion, hystrix orange leaf and peel extracts produce anti-biofilm activity against test microbes in-vitro.
The Effectiveness of The Handwashing Program with Soap (CTPS) In Preventing E. Coli Contamination on Elementary School Student, West Martapura South Kalimantan Mutttaqien, Fauzan; Khatimah, Husnul; Fakhrurrazy, Fakhrurrazy; Arganita, Fidya Rahmadhany; Maulana, Irfan; Yuliana, Ida
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18762

Abstract

Martapura river had been  discovered of indicators of microbial contamination of drinking water, namely total coliform and E coli which are harmful to health. CTPS program for elementary schools in West Martapura sub-district has been going  for  long time to prevent disease. Tihis study aimed to know the difference in the effectiveness of using Martapura river water for CTPS in elementary school children in Martapura Barat District to preventing E. Coli contamination. The research method used the true experiment method with a posttest only control group design research design. The research group named group (P1) CTPS using processed Martapura river water, group with hand washing soap (P2) CTPS using Martapura river water without being processed and group (K) CTPS with PDAM water . The research subjects were18  elementary student selected by simple random sampling technique.  The object study was the observation of the presence of Escherichia coli bacteria which were found from the hand swabs of elementary school children in West Martapura sub-district whose schools had treated water facilities and did not have treated water facilities. Also taking palm swabs for the research subjects, a quality test for PDAM water, Martapura river water and processed river water at the three elementary schools was carried out and examined at the Banjarbaru BBTKL-PPB Laboratory. The results showed that for CTPS water samples from PDAM water sources only counted 1 CFU E coli/100 ml, while CTPS water from the Martapura River and PAMSIMAS the number of E. coli colonies was > 200 CFU/100 ml. For all samples of palm swabs from the elementary school students, all results were negative for E. Coli CFU / cm2. The conclusion is that there is no difference in the effectiveness of using Martapura River water, both treated and untreated, in the CTPS program in reducing E.Coli numbers.
Co-Authors Afif Fakhri Agung Biworo Alfi Yasmina Amelia, Helna Arganita, Fidya Rahmadhany Arietama, George Asnawati Asnawati Bayu Indra Sukmana Budi Wiweko Dea Afrila Dewi Nurdiana Didik Dwi Sanyoto Dina Aulia Fakhrina, Dina Aulia Dwi Anita Suryandari Dwi Wahyu Candra Dewi Edyson Edyson Edyson Edyson Eka Putri Widyarti Eka Yudha Rahman Erida Widyamala Fachriyad, Muhammad Fahrina Ulfah Fakhrurrazy Fakhrurrazy Farida Heriyani Farida Heriyani Fauzan Muttaqien Gelvia Awaeh Hafizhah, Ghina Ida Yuliana Ida Yuliana Ika Kustiyah Oktaviyanti Irfan Maulana Irfan Maulana, Irfan Isnaini Isnaini Istiana Istiana Jumadi Jumadi Khusnan Mustofa Gufron Laksono Trisnantoro Lena Rosida Lena Rosida Lia Yulia Budiarti M Zakiyuddin Mala Kurniati Melinda Hairi, Melinda Muna Muna Muthmainah, Noor Muthmainnah, Noor Mutttaqien, Fauzan Panghiyangani, Roselina Raden Abyuta Wiksa Pranandhira Rahmiati Rahmiati Raudhatun Naimah Rayatul Aminah Retno Septiana Ananda, Retno Septiana Ridhoni, Muhammad Zaki Rizkiya Novita Rosida, Lena Rosinta Dewi Achmadiyah Rosmitha Monikayani Salsabella Firqah Najiyah Shafa Rahmani Puteri Sheni Chang Sherly Limantara Sinaga, Ferdy Ricardo Siti Kaidah Siti Khairiyah Siti Wasilah Tania Maharani Safitri Tri Indah Minarni Triawanti Triawanti