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All Journal Farmasains : Jurnal Farmasi dan Ilmu Kesehatan Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian Al-Kimia Majalah Farmaseutik Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia Jurnal Mandala Pharmacon Indonesia JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM) Jurnal Ilmiah Farmako Bahari BERNAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Jurnal Pengabdian UNDIKMA Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Petugas Pengelola Obat dengan Tingkat Ketersediaan Obat Di Puskesmas Kota Malang Eureka Herba Indonesia Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology Journal Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Madani Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Journal of Agropharmacy Dirya : Journal of Economic Management Halal Science Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Wardhani, Firdha Aprillia
Department Of Clinical And Community Pharmacy, Faculty Of Pharmacy, Universitas Jember, Jember, Indonesia
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Detection of Porcine Gelatin in Jelly Soft Candies Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics Cendekiawan, Khrisna Agung; Wardhani, Firdha Aprillia; Anggraeni, Linda Suci; Anggraeni, Lutvi
Halal Science Volume 1 Issue 1
Publisher : ETFLIN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58920/halal0101342

Abstract

Gelatin, commonly used in jelly soft candies, is often derived from porcine sources, which Islam prohibits. This study developed a rapid and reliable method for detecting porcine gelatin using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometric analysis to support halal verification. Twenty samples were analyzed: 10 with 100% bovine gelatin and 10 containing 10–100% porcine gelatin. Spectral data were processed using partial least squares (PLS) regression and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The PLS model showed high predictive accuracy (RMSEC = 2.87, R²cal = 0.9931; RMSEP = 0.0124, R²val = 0.9919), while LDA classified samples with over 90% accuracy. Results were consistent with the Xema Pork Detection Kit, confirming the method’s reliability. This approach offers a fast, accurate tool for halal compliance in food products.
Quantitative Mapping of Phytochemical Synergy in Psidium guajava and Piper betle for Antidiarrheal Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Using Radar Chart Analysis and AUC Kintoko; Khrisna Agung Cendekiawan; Sapto Yuliani; Firdha Aprillia Wardhani
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v7i1.133

Abstract

Infectious diarrhea constitutes a massive global health burden defined by severe gastrointestinal hypermotility, profound fluid hypersecretion, and aggressive mucosal inflammation. Conventional pharmacotherapy, including antimotility agents and broad-spectrum antibiotics, presents significant clinical limitations, including the exacerbation of antimicrobial resistance and adverse systemic effects. Phytochemical interventions utilizing Psidium guajava and Piper betle offer a robust complementary approach. However, the exact quantitative magnitude of their combined pharmacological synergy requires rigorous statistical integration. A systematic review and meta-analysis were executed utilizing PRISMA protocols. Comprehensive literature screening across major databases identified primary research manuscripts reporting precise quantitative parameters on the antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties of the targeted extracts. Extracted data variables included sample sizes, mean outcomes, and standard deviations. The Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model. The multidimensional therapeutic capacity was further mapped and quantified using Radar Chart Analysis (RCA) and geometric Area Under Curve (AUC) mathematical integration. The statistical synthesis indicated that Psidium guajava profoundly suppressed gastrointestinal motility and intestinal fluid accumulation (Pooled SMD = -2.45; 95% CI: -3.10 to -1.80). Concurrently, Piper betle demonstrated immense broad-spectrum bactericidal activity and superlative free radical scavenging capacity (Pooled SMD = 3.85; 95% CI: 2.95 to 4.75). The subsequent AUC integration revealed that combining the specific phytochemical profiles of both botanical sources mathematically expanded the total therapeutic coverage by 42%. The quantitative framework confirms a highly potent synergistic mechanism. Psidium guajava selectively targets the physiological symptoms of hypermotility and secretory failure, while Piper betle aggressively eradicates the underlying pathogenic etiology and neutralizes oxidative tissue damage. This dual-action synergy provides a formidable, evidence-based foundation for the development of advanced botanical therapeutics.
Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Betel Leaf (Piper betle) Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Kintoko Kintoko; Khrisna Agung Cendekiawan; Sapto Yuliani; Siti Nur Hasana; Firdha Aprilia Wardhani
Jurnal Ilmiah Farmako Bahari Vol 17 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Ilmiah Farmako Bahari
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Garut University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52434/jifb.v17i2.43506

Abstract

Betel leaf (Piper betle) contains antibacterial compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids. Endophytic fungi within plant tissues can produce similar bioactive metabolites. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and evaluate the antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi from young betel leaves against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. This was experimental research. Endophytic fungi were isolated from young betel leaves on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and identified macroscopically and microscopically. Antibacterial activity was tested using the paper disk agar diffusion method. Three endophytic fungal isolates were obtained: Isolate 1 (Trichoderma sp.), Isolate 2 (Rhizoctonia sp.), and Isolate 3 (Fusarium sp.). Against P. aeruginosa, Isolate 2 produced an average inhibition zone of 7.33 mm, and Isolate 3 produced 8.00 mm. Against S. aureus, Isolate 1 produced 7.33 mm and Isolate 3 produced 7.33 mm. No inhibition was observed for the negative control (DMSO). Endophytic fungi from betel leaves, particularly isolates resembling Rhizoctonia sp., Fusarium sp., and Trichoderma sp., show weak to moderate antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus under the tested conditions. Further studies using molecular identification and purified extracts are recommended.
Ethnopharmacology and scientific validation of antidiarrheal plants used by the Osing Tribe in Banyuwangi, Indonesia KHRISNA AGUNG CENDEKIAWAN; KINTOKO KINTOKO; SAPTO YULIANI; FIRDHA APRILLIA WARDHANI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270229

Abstract

Abstract. Cendekiawan KA, Kintoko, Yuliani S, Wardhani FA. 2026. Ethnopharmacology and scientific validation of antidiarrheal plants used by the Osing Tribe in Banyuwangi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 27 (2): d270229. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270229. Indonesia has a rich heritage of medicinal plant use; however, much of this traditional knowledge, especially among indigenous communities such as the Osing people in East Java, remains undocumented. This study aimed to explore the antidiarrheal plants used by the Osing community through an ethnopharmacological survey and scientific validation. Data were collected through structured interviews with local informants in Banjar and Licin Villages, Licin Sub-district, and Banyuwangi District. Use value (UV) and fidelity level (FL) indices were calculated to assess the cultural significance and therapeutic relevance of each species. Phytochemical screening and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) were conducted to identify bioactive compounds. The most frequently reported species were Psidium guajava (UV = 2.44; FL = 64.7%) and Piper betle (UV = 1.11). LC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of major secondary metabolites, including quercetin and kaempferol, which are known for their pharmacological activity in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Scientific validation in this study also incorporated in silico approaches, including Lipinski’s Rule of five evaluation to assess drug-likeness, ADMET profiling to predict pharmacokinetic and toxicity parameters, and molecular docking to explore the binding interactions of identified phytoconstituents with antidiarrheal target proteins. Quercetin demonstrated strong binding affinity (ΔG = -9.72) and an acceptable RMSD value (1.83 Å). A TPC value of 0.2357 was obtained from a mixture containing 0.84 g of P. guajava and 0.18 g of P. betle. The antioxidant activity, measured as IC50, was 7.51 µg/mL. These findings suggest that quercetin holds strong potential as a lead compound for antidiarrheal drug development. Overall, this study highlights the scientific value of traditional knowledge and encourages further investigation into plant-based treatments for gastrointestinal disorders.
Antidiarrhoeal Potential of Secondary Metabolites in Betel Leaf (Piper betle): A Systematic Review with Radar Chart Analysis and AUC Evaluation. Khrisna Agung Cendekiawan; Kintoko Kintoko; Sapto Yuliani; Linda Suci Anggraeni; Firdha Aprillia Wardhani; Neny Poerwahyuningrum
MEDFARM: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan Vol 14 No 2 (2025): Medfarm: Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan
Publisher : LPPM Akafarma Sunan Giri Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.48191/medfarm.v14i2.594

Abstract

Diarrhoea is a widespread gastrointestinal disorder commonly caused by microbial infection, inflammation, or impaired intestinal function. While synthetic antidiarrhoeal drugs are available, their use is often limited by adverse effects and antimicrobial resistance, prompting increasing interest in medicinal plants such as Piper betle (betel leaf). This study systematically reviewed the literature to identify secondary metabolite compounds in Piper betle with antidiarrhoeal potential and to evaluate their biological activities using Radar Chart Analysis (RCA) and Area Under Curve (AUC) methods. A systematic search was performed across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using predefined keywords. Inclusion criteria comprised studies that investigated Piper betle or its secondary metabolites, reported antidiarrhoeal or related bioactivity, and provided quantitative data suitable for comparison. Studies were excluded if they focused solely on synthetic drugs, were not available in full text, or did not report measurable metabolite data. A total of 35 eligible studies were included after screening 176 records. The findings indicate that flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, saponins, and catechins in Piper betle contribute to antidiarrhoeal effects through mechanisms that modulate intestinal motility, reduce fluid secretion, activate anti-inflammatory pathways, and exhibit antimicrobial activity. RCA and AUC analyses further demonstrated substantial variability in metabolite composition and antioxidant capacity across studies. Overall, Piper betle exhibits promising therapeutic potential as a natural antidiarrhoeal agent, although further mechanistic and clinical research is warranted.
Mycotoxicological Profiling and Chromatographic Characterization of Retail Spices: A Mechanistic Evaluation of Microclimatic Packaging Dynamics on Aflatoxin Biosynthesis in Tropical Environments Khrisna Agung Cendekiawan; Linda Suci Anggraeni; Firdha Aprillia Wardhani; Rina Fitriana
Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology Journal Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Natural Sciences Engineering and Technology Journal
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/nasetjournal.v6i1.75

Abstract

Spices produced in equatorial tropical climates are highly susceptible to mycotoxin contamination. Aflatoxin, a carcinogenic secondary metabolite synthesized by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, poses a severe global public health threat by inducing hepatotoxicity and transversion mutations. This study investigates the prevalence of toxigenic fungi and quantifies aflatoxin analogues in retail culinary spices across varying microclimatic environments. An observational surveillance study was conducted using purposive sampling of onion, turmeric, and pepper matrices from traditional markets and modern supermarkets. Fungal characterization utilized Potato Dextrose Agar and Nash-Snyder media. Precise quantification of Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 was executed via high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) and post-column derivatization. Mycological isolation confirmed pervasive colonization by Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Penicillium spp., and Fusarium oxysporum. Method validation yielded excellent recovery (greater than 85%) and precision. Supermarket-sourced pepper (Sample C4) exhibited catastrophic hyper-contamination, with Aflatoxin B1 at 45.35 ppb and total aflatoxins at 99.35 ppb. Turmeric demonstrated intrinsic resistance, with maximum Aflatoxin B1 at 1.41 ppb. Non-parametric Spearman rank analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between trapped packaging micro-humidity and aflatoxin synthesis. In conclusion, modern non-vacuum packaging methodologies drastically elevate trapped micro-humidity, heavily driving the logarithmic growth and toxicological output of Aspergillus. Strict regulatory enforcement of storage humidity and water activity monitoring is urgently required in commercial retail sectors.
Co-Authors Adelia Firandi Amalia Wardatul Firdaus Amalia Wardatul Firdaus Anggraeni, Linda Suci Anggraeni, Lutvi Aryani, Dhita Aryani, Dhita Evi Dea Maulidi Saputri Dian Agung Pangaribowo Didik Hasmono Dwi Koko Pratoko Dyan Wigati Ema Rachmawati Eryani, Mikhania Christiningtyas Fifteen Aprila Fajrin Firandi, Adelia Hasana, Siti Nur Ika Norcahyanti Khrisna Agung Cendekiawan Kintoko Kintoko Kintoko Kintoko Kintoko Kintoko KINTOKO KINTOKO Kintoko, Kintoko Kusumaningrum , Yunita Dyah Lina Winarti Linda Suci Anggraeni Linda Suci Anggraeni Machlaurin, Afifah Nafisah Isnawati NANANG MUNIF YASIN Neny Poerwahyuningrum Neny Poerwahyuningrum Nia Kristiningrum Ningrum, Lailatul Fitria Nur Sepdianto, Bagas Pontanar, Mae Quenie Ramadhani, Nuril Izzati Farihatur Rina Fitriana RR. Ella Evrita Hestiandari Sapto Yuliani Sapto Yuliani SAPTO YULIANI Sapto Yuliani Shinta Mayasari Shinta Mayasari Sinta Rachmawati Siti Nur Hasana Syafika, Devina Sarah Zulkarnain Permana ZULLIES IKAWATI