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All Journal Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia Sains Olahraga : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keolahragaan JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Media Ilmu Keolahragaan Indonesia Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan : Publikasi Ilmiah Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Abdimas Talenta : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Kinestetik : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Jasmani Journal of Saintech Transfer Sumatera Medical Journal Jurnal Ners AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal Jurnal Syntax Fusion : Jurnal Nasional Indonesia Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Yetty Machrina
Department Of General Medicine, Faculty Of Medical, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Education Engineering Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF MELINJO PEEL (Gnetum gnemon) ON SERUM MALONDIALDEHYDE (MDA) LEVELS IN HYPERURISEMIA WISTAR STRAIN RATS Indra Priawan; Yetty Machrina; Ririe Fachrina Malisie
JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences) Vol 8, No 3 (2022): JBIO: jurnal biosains (the journal of biosciences)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/jbio.v8i3.43187

Abstract

Hyperuricemia is a state of uric acid in the body that is higher than the body's tolerance limit. The formation of uric acid will be accompanied by the formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) by the changes of Xanthine Dehydrogenase to Xanthine Oxide with the help of NAD+ and Oxygen, which can trigger oxidative stress, causing cell damage and apoptotic cell, one of which is through lipid peroxidation followed by the release of Malondialdehyde (MDA) into the extracellular space. This study aims to analyze the effect of giving melinjo peel ethanol extract (Gnetum gnemon) on serum MDA levels in hyperuricemic Wistar strain rats. Rats were grouped into 4 treatment groups, namely K0 (without treatment), Kneg (hyperuricemia and CMC), Kpos (hyperuricemia and allopurinol), and P (hyperuricemia and ethanol extract of melinjo peel). Manufacture a hyperuricemic rat model by giving a high-fructose diet and then measuring uric acid levels to ensure that the rat is already in hyperuricemia. The high-fructose diet was continued until the rats were executed. Serum MDA was measured using the Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method. The results showed differences in MDA levels between groups of hyperuricemic rats. Based on the examination of lower MDA levels after administration of melinjo peel ethanol extract compared to the CMC group and the allopurinol group, statistically significant differences were obtained (p = 0.001). Based on the analysis results, it was concluded that the ethanolic extract of melinjo peel (Gnetum gnemon) could reduce serum MDA levels in hyperuricemic Wistar rats.
Pengaruh Latihan Aerobik Intensitas Ringan dan Sedang terhadap Kelelahan Otot (Muscle Fatique) Atlet Sepakbola Aceh Aditya Candra; Gusbakti Rusip; Yetty Machrina
Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan : Publikasi Ilmiah Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya Vol. 3 No. 1 (2016): Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan : Publikasi Ilmiah Fakultas Kedokteran Universi
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/jkk.v3i1.47

Abstract

Kelelahan selama berolahraga menjadi suatu masalah yang dapat mengakibatkan terpuruknya suatu prestasi. Kondisi ini menjadi permasalahan yang sering dihadapi para atlet pada saat bertanding karena kekurangan cadangan energi dan tingginya kadar asam laktat di dalam darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan aerobik intensitas ringan dan sedang dapat memperlambat kelelahan selama berolahraga pada atlet sepakbola aceh. Penelitian kuasi eksperimental dengan rancangan eksperimen ulang non-random (non randomized pretest-posttest with control group design). Penelitian dilakukan untuk membandingkan kadar asam laktat perifer , waktu uji latih sampai lelah dan skala Borg (persepsi rasa sesak dan kaki lelah) sebelum dan sesudah program latihan pada 3 kelompok, yaitu kelompok perlakuan latihan aerobik intensitas ringan (LAIR), kelompok latihan aerobik intensitas sedang (LAIS) dan kelompok kontrol. Penelitian dilaksanakan di stadion sepakbola Harapan Bangsa Banda aceh. Subjek penelitian adalah atlet sepakbola Dispora Aceh yang tergabung dalam PPLP. Penurunan asam laktat setelah uji latih yang bermakna terlihat pada kelompok dengan LAIS (p= 0,04). Rerata waktu lelah ketiga kelompok menunjukkan perbedaan. Peningkatan waktu lelah setelah uji latih yang berbeda bermakna terlihat pada kelompok dengan LAIS (p = 0.009). Rerata skala borg sesak ketiga kelompok menunjukkan perbedaan. Penurunan nilai scoring skala borg sesak setelah uji latih yang berbeda bermakna terlihat pada kelompok dengan LAIS (p = 0.000). Rerata skala borg kaki lelah ketiga kelompok menunjukkan perbedaan. Penurunan nilai scoring skala borg kaki lelah setelah uji latih yang berbeda bermakna terlihat pada kelompok dengan LAIS (p = 0.012) dan LAIR (p = 0.008). Latihan aerobik yang dilakukan dengan intensitas, durasi dan frekuensi yang tepat dapat meningkatkan performa dan prestasi atlet. Pada penelitian ini menunjukkan latihan aerobik intensitas sedang dapat berpengaruh dalam memperlambat kelelahan selama berolahraga pada atlet sepakbola Aceh.
The Correlation Between Consuming Fast Food And Obesity Of Primary School-Aged Children In SD Al-Azhar Medan Qori An-Nabil, Muhammad; Machrina, Yetty
Jurnal Syntax Fusion Vol 2 No 10 (2022): Jurnal Syntax Fusion: Jurnal Nasional Indonesia
Publisher : CV RIFAINSTITUT

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54543/fusion.v2i02.171

Abstract

Fast food is high calorie foods and is preferred by children, especially in the primary level. Extensive consumption of fast food can lead to obesity. In Indonesia the prevalence of obesity in primary school-aged children increases from 5.0 % to 16.0% this increase is due to the habit of consuming fast food. To determine the correlation of fastfood consumption with obesity on primary school-aged children. This research is analytic applying case control study design. The data of weight and height are collected by anthropometric measurements using Body Mass Index (BMI), within distributing questionnaires for nutritional status and physical activity while the fastfood consumption will be held by Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ) method. Hypotheses were analyzed by Chi-Square test results. The Chi-Square test results showed that there was a correlation between the frequency of fast food and the incidents of obesity (0.05). The result of the Chi-Square test showed that there was a correlation between the portion of fast food and the incident of obesity (0.05). There is a frequency correlation often consume fast food to the incident of obesity p value 0.01. There is correlation between large portions of fast food consumption to the incident of obesity with p value 0.001
Polimorfisme Gen Leptin -2548G>A (Rs7799039) Pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 Lewis, Edwin -; Machrina, Yetty
AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh Averrous, Vol.9 No.1 Mei 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/averrous.v9i1.10799

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 merupakan penyakit metabolik dengan penyebab multifaktorial dari akibat pengaruh lingkungan berupa gaya hidup, pola makan yang salah, kurangnya berolahraga, pekerjaan dan baru-baru ini ditemukan adanya variasi gen atau polimorfisme gen yang bertanggung-jawab dalam peningkatan faktor resiko terjadinya Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 yaitu polimorfisme gen leptin -2548G>A (rs7799039). Tujuan literrature review ini untuk mengetahui polimorfisme gen leptin -2548G>A (rs7799039) pada penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode electronical database yaitu pencarian jurnal menggunakan Google scholar, Research gate, Science direct, Pubmed pada 5 tahun terakhir dari tahun 2018 sampai tahun 2023 dengan kata kunci bahasa Indonesia diabetes mellitus tipe 2, gen leptin -2548G>A, polimorfisme, teknik PCR-RFLP. Dari pencarian jurnal didapati ada 6 artikel yang sesuai dengan tujuan literrature review dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi yaitu penderita DM tipe 2 terkontrol, berumur 35-60 tahun, tanpa komplikasi. Untuk menganalisa polimorfisme gen leptin -2548G>A digunakan teknik PCR-RFLP. Hasil: adanya polimorfisme gen leptin -2548G>A pada penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 dimana allel A yang terdapat pada genotype AA dan GA dihubungkan dengan terjadinya polimorfisme gen leptin -2548G>A pada penderita diabetes. Diskusi: kami menemukan adanya artikel yang menyatakan tidak adanya hubungan yang signifikan polimorfisme gen leptin -2548G>A pada penderita diabetes yang disebabkan adanya perbedaan etnis atau ras yang diperiksa. Perlu adanya penelitian pada populasi masyarakat yang lebih luas dengan banyak sampel penderita diabetes.
Efek Hepatoprotektor Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Melinjo terhadap Ekspresi Gen Alanine Aminotransferase 1 Hepar pada Kondisi Hiperurisemia Mentari, Cindy; Machrina, Yetty
AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh Averrous, Vol.9 No.1 Mei 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/averrous.v9i1.10936

Abstract

 Hiperurisemia dapat menginduksi disfungsionalitas pertukaran natrium dan kalsium dalam mitokondria yang akan menyebabkan produksi reactive oxygen species (ROS). Stres oksidatif berperan dalam penuaan, kerusakan DNA, oksidasi, produksi sitokin inflamasi, dan apoptosis sel. Metabolisme asam urat dikatalisis oleh xhantine oxidase (XO) menghasilkan hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) yang dapat menyebabkan terbentuknya jaringan parut pada hepar. Alanine amniotransferase (ALT) dikodekan oleh gen ALT1/GPT yang diekspresikan oleh sel endotel, Kuffer dan hepatosit. Overekspresi gen ALT1 berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan kadar enzim ALT sebagai marker yang sensitif dan spesifik adanya injuri atau kerusakan hepar. Tujuan menilai efek hepatoprotektor ekstrak etanol kulit melinjo terhadap ekspresi gen alanine aminotransferase 1 hepar pada kondisi hiperurisemia. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan dengan metode telaah literature. Data dan informasi dikumpulkan dari beberapa penelitian yang sudah dilakukan sebelumnya. Hasil ekstrak etanol kulit melinjo mengandung flavonoid sebagai antioksidan, efek hepatoprotektor ekstrak etanol kulit melinjo terbukti dengan menurunkan stress oksidatif dan biomarker inflamasi melalui mekanisme inhibitor terhadap pembentukan XO dan adenosine deaminase (ADA) sehingga menyebabkan penurunan kadar dari asam urat dan melalui penghambatan terhadap terbentuknya XO akan menyebabkan pembentukan ROS menjadi terhambat sehingga kerusakan hepar dapat diminimalisir dan tidak terjadi overekspresi gen ALT1 pada hepar. Kesimpulan kandungan flavonoid pada ekstrak kulit melinjo terbukti berpotensi sebagai hepatoprotektor, dengan menimimalisir kadar enzim ALT akibat tidak terjadinya peningkatan ekspresi gen ALT1, flavonoid dapat memodulasi ROS dan reaksi inflamasi sehingga hepar lebih terproteksi dari kerusakan akibat keadaan hiperurisemia. 
Improved basic life support skills and patient transportation at ambulance drivers in Medan Tuntung and Medan Sunggal area to improve patient safety Yetty Machrina; Siregar, Kamal Basri; Nuraiza Meutia; Gema Nazri Yanni; Yunita Sari Pane
ABDIMAS TALENTA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 4 No. 2 (2019): ABDIMAS TALENTA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (197.264 KB) | DOI: 10.32734/abdimastalenta.v4i2.4238

Abstract

The technique of providing basic and quick life support (BHD) and transportation to patients with cardiac and pulmonary arrest can save a patient's life. An ambulance driver as one of the ambulance personnel should be equipped with the two forms of skills above. The aim of community service is to increase the capacity of ambulance drivers in terms of providing basic life support skills and patient transportation to improve patient safety. This training was held in September 2019, at the H. Adam Malik General Hospital Training Center Installation Medan, with 24 participants. The training is carried out with 2 methods, namely exposure to BHD theory and BHD skills training. The knowledge and skills of participants before and after the training were assessed. Pre and post assessment results were analyzed using paired t-test with a significance level of p <0.05 Ambulance drivers in the Medan Tuntung and Medan Sunggal area are mostly over 30 years old, with most working as ambulance drivers for more than 5 years. The most recent level of education is high school graduation or equivalent. The results of statistical analysis using paired t-test, obtained a significant difference in the knowledge of ambulance drivers about basic life support theory before and after training (p = 0.000). Likewise, ambulance driver skills in providing basic life support for adult patients, infants and children were significantly different before and after training (p = 0.000). Training in basic life support skills and patient transportation can increase the capacity of ambulance drivers in providing basic life support..
Hubungan Durasi dan Postur Duduk Terhadap Keluhan Low Back Pain pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran Koswara, Jocelyn; Machrina, Yetty; Lubis, Mahrani; Amelia, Rina
SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/scripta.v5i2.14906

Abstract

Background: Low Back Pain (LBP) is the most common musculoskeletal disorder in the community with a global prevalence of 15-45% each year. Medical students are prone to LBP due to several risk factors such as long sitting duration and improper sitting posture during lectures. Objectives: This research is performed to determine the correlation between the duration and sitting posture during lectures on the incidence of LBP in medical students at Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU). Methods: This study used an analytical descriptive research design with a cross-sectional approach conducted in April 2023 at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling with 147 medical students selected as the research sample. Data was obtained from filling out PAD and BAPHY questionnaires. A Chi-square test was used to explore the association between the two variables and LBP while the logistic regression test was used to identify the dominating causes generating LBP. Result: The study's findings revealed that 40.1% of students reported having LBP problems, 72.1% reported sitting for more than seven hours, and 33.3% reported having a bad sitting posture. Chi-square analysis revealed a significant correlation between sitting duration and posture on complaints of LBP (RR = 1.69, p = 0.041 and RR = 1.69, p = 0.009). At a risk of 2,438 times, sitting position is the main factor contributing to LBP among medical students at USU. Conclusion: This research showed a correlation between duration and sitting posture on the incidence of LBP. Keyword: Low Back Pain, Medical Students, Seven Hours, Sitting duration, Sitting posture Latar Belakang: Low Back Pain (LBP) merupakan gangguan muskuloskeletal yang paling sering terjadi pada masyarakat dengan prevalensi global 15-45% setiap tahunnya. Mahasiswa kedokteran rentan mengalami keluhan LBP dikarenakan beberapa faktor risiko seperti durasi duduk yang lama dan postur duduk yang tidak ergonomis saat perkuliahan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara durasi dan postur duduk saat perkuliahan terhadap keluhan LBP pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sumatera Utara. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan April 2023 di FK USU Medan. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa FK USU angkatan 2021 yang dipilih dengan metode simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 147 orang. Data diperoleh dari pengisian kuesioner PAD dan BAPHY. Untuk mengetahui hubungan kedua variabel dengan keluhan LBP dilakukan uji Chi-square dan uji regresi logistik untuk melihat faktor dominan penyebab keluhan LBP. Hasil: Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan terdapat 40,1 % mahasiswa yang mengalami keluhan LBP dengan durasi duduk > 7 jam sebesar 72,1% dan postur duduk yang tidak baik sebesar 33,3%. Analisis Chi-square menunjukkan terdapat hubungan bermakna antara durasi dan postur duduk terhadap keluhan LBP (RR = 1,69, p=0,041 dan RR = 1,69, p=0,009). Faktor dominan penyebab keluhan LBP pada mahasiswa FK USU angkatan 2021 adalah postur duduk dengan besar risiko sebesar 2,438 kali. Kesimpulan: Durasi dan postur duduk memiliki hubungan dengan keluhan LBP. Kata Kunci: Durasi duduk, Low Back Pain, Mahasiswa Kedokteran, Postur Duduk, Tujuh Jam
EFEKTIVITAS SPORT MASSAGE DENGAN MINYAK JAHE MERAH TERHADAP PEMULIHAN DELAYED ONSET MUSCLE SORENESS (DOMS) PADA ATLET Sihombing, Rocky Charles Andreas; Yetty Machrina
Sains Olahraga : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keolahragaan Vol. 9 No. 2: Oktober 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/so.v9i2.67151

Abstract

Latihan berintensitas tinggi dan jenis latihan eksentrik dapat menyebabkan kerusakan mikro pada otot yang disebut dengan delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Terjadinya DOMS akan disertai dengan peningkatan kadar creatine kinase (CK), biasanya dianggap sebagai biomarker yang paling spesifik dan sering digunakan untuk mengukur kerusakan otot. Kerusakan otot yang terjadi akibat DOMS akan menimbulkan rasa nyeri dan tidak nyaman yang dapat mengganggu performa atlet untuk menjalani program latihan di hari berikutnya.  Jahe merah sebagai minyak oles mengandung senyawa anti-inflamasi dan antioksidan, seperti gingerol dan shogaol. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penggunaan jahe merah untuk efek penurun nyeri telah terbukti aman.  Teknik sport massage dapat mengurangi nyeri otot setelah latihan fisik intens. Kombinasi sport massage dan minyak ekstrak jahe merah berpotensi lebih efektif untuk mengurangi nyeri otot dan kadar creatine kinase (CK) setelah mengalami DOMS. Sport massage dapat membantu pemulihan dengan meningkatkan aliran darah, sementara minyak jahe merah memiliki efek antiinflamasi, analgesik, dan antioksidan yang dapat mengurangi nyeri dan peradangan akibat DOMS. Oleh karena itu, penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk membuktikan efektivitas dari kombinasi sport massage dengan minyak jahe merah secara spesifik pada atlet. Kata Kunci: Sport massage, Minyak Jahe Merah, DOMS, Creatine Kinase, Atlet.
Combination Effect of Slow Interval Training and Lemongrass Ethanol Extract (Cymbopogon citratus) on Body Weight and Fat Mass in Male Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus Sp) Obesity Model Siahaan, Sulyaprilawati Battri; Machrina, Yetty; Widyawati, Tri; Rusdiana, Rusdiana; Savira, Maya
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 11, No 3 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v11i3.28284

Abstract

Background: Obesity, a global health crisis affecting over 890 million adults, requiring effective and safe management strategies. Lifestyle-based interventions, such as physical exercise and herbal supplementation, provide promising non-invasive alternatives. Slow Interval Training (SIT) improves fat metabolism with low injury risk, while lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) contains bioactive compounds with anti-obesity potential.Objective: This study investigates the combined effects of SIT and lemongrass ethanol extract on body weight and fat mass in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese male Wistar rat model.Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: healthy control, obese control, SIT only, lemongrass extract only, and SIT + lemongrass. Obesity was induced through a high-fat diet before intervention. Body weight was measured weekly, and fat mass was analyzed after eight weeks of treatment.Results: Obese controls showed significant weight gain (p<0.001). The lemongrass-only group showed a 12.7% weight reduction, while the combination group achieved the lowest final weight (200 g) and the lowest fat mass (2.39 g, p=0.048). Significant intergroup differences appeared from week 1 and persisted until week 13 (p<0.05). The combination group maintained stable weight after intervention, outperforming SIT or lemongrass alone.Conclusion: The combination of SIT and lemongrass ethanol extract significantly reduces body weight and fat mass in obese rats, demonstrating synergistic efficacy. Lemongrass inhibits fat absorption and enhances metabolic regulation, while SIT promotes fat oxidation. This dual approach offers a viable, non-invasive strategy for obesity management, warranting further clinical exploration.
Identifying the Burden of Digital Eye Strain: Prevalence, Clinical Manifestations, and Risk Factors in Indonesian Medical Students Zega, Elwande Hagasaro; Selly Azmeila; Yetty Machrina; Kamal Basri Siregar
Majalah Oftalmologi Indonesia Vol 52 No 1 (2026): Ophthalmologica Indonesiana
Publisher : The Indonesian Ophthalmologists Association (IOA, Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami))

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35749/oi.v52i1.101960

Abstract

Introduction: The increasing use of digital devices among university students, particularly in medical education, has raised concerns regarding Digital Eye Strain (DES). This study aimed to assess the prevalence, symptom profile, and risk factors of DES among Indonesian medical students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 356 medical students using the validated Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire (CVS-Q). Data on demographic characteristics, ocular history, digital device usage habits, and DES symptoms were collected. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with DES, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of DES was 62.9%. Common symptoms included itchy eyes (76.8%), blurred vision (70.1%), and headaches (76.33%). Bivariate analysis revealed associations between DES and refractive errors (OR 1.889, p = 0.004), poor posture (OR 0.467, p = 0.001), and the use of more than two digital devices daily (OR 1.610, p = 0.030). Multivariate analysis identified refractive errors (OR 2.049, 95% CI: 1.300–3.227, p = 0.002), poor posture (OR 0.413, 95% CI: 0.258–0.663, p < 0.001), and the use of more than two devices (OR 1.879, 95% CI: 1.171–3.015, p = 0.009) as independent risk factors for DES. Conclusion: DES is highly prevalent among Indonesian medical students. Refractive errors, poor posture, and the concurrent use of multiple digital devices were significant risk factors. Vision screening, ergonomic education, and digital health awareness are recommended to reduce DES and support ocular health.
Co-Authors Aditya Candra Aditya Candra Anggraini, Dwi Rita Ardinata, Dedi - Ashri Yudhistira Aznan Lelo Daulay, Milahayati Dedi Ardinata dharma Lindarto, dharma Diningrat, Diky Setya Eka Roina Megawati ELMAN BOY Gema Nazri Yanni Gema Nazri Yanni Gusbakti Rusip Gusbakti Rusip Harahap, Armansyah Maulana Harahap, Juliandi Koswara, Jocelyn Krishna Moorthi, Priya Darshini Laksmi, Lidya Imelda Lewis, Edwin - Lubis, Mahrani Maya Savira Maya Savira Mentari, Cindy Novita Sari Harahap Nuraiza Meutia Nuraiza Meutia Nurul Amalia Sofyan Pratiwi, Lisa Nabila Priawan, Indra Purba, Ambrocious Qori An-Nabil, Muhammad Rahmi Rahmi Rambe, Andrina Y.M Raudhatul Jannah Rina Amelia Ririe Fachrina Malisie Rusdiana Rusdiana Santi Syafril, Santi Selly Azmeila Selly Azmeila Sembiring, Rosita Juwita Siahaan, Sulyaprilawati Battri Sihombing, Rocky Charles Andreas Siregar, Kamal Basri Sri Sumartiningsih Syafruddin Ilyas Tarigan, Amira Permatasari Tri Widyawati, Tri Ulya, Ulfatul Venessa Wongso Yamamoto, Zulham Yaznil, Muhammad Rizki Yunita Sari Pane Yusni Yusni Zega, Elwande Hagasaro