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All Journal Khairun Law Journal Jurnal Jatiswara Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Mendapo: Journal of Administrative Law KHAIRUN LAW JOURNAL Law Development Journal Jurnal Kolaboratif Sains Journal of Social Research Journal Of Human And Education (JAHE) Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Nomos : Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Hukum Swadaya: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Journal of Legal Contemplation KATALIS : Jurnal Inovasi Pengabdian Masyarakat
Andika Adhyaksa
Faculty Of Law, Universitas Khairun
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Implications of The Use of Artificial Intelligence in The Formulation of Local Regulations by The Ternate City Regional Representative Council Salha Marasaoly; Andika Adhyaksa; Rahmat Rahmat
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 4 (2026): DECEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i4.14189

Abstract

This study aims to examine the implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) utilization in the formulation of local regulations in Ternate City, particularly its effects on legal certainty, public participation, and the accommodation of pluralistic local legal values. The increasing integration of AI into legislative processes offers potential gains in regulatory efficiency and analytical capacity, but its dependence on digitized data raises concerns regarding algorithmic bias, accountability, and the representation of unwritten customary norms. Employing an empirical socio-legal research design with a qualitative approach, this study combines legislative and conceptual approaches with empirical data obtained through semi-structured interviews with relevant key informants and analysis of legal and documentary materials. Data credibility was strengthened through source triangulation, while the data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The findings demonstrate that AI can support regulatory mapping, legislative drafting, comparative analysis, documentation, and final-text verification, but cannot replace human deliberation, legal judgment, and participatory decision-making. AI-generated legal hallucinations, algorithmic bias, limited transparency, and the absence of digitized local customary knowledge may undermine legal certainty and marginalize locally embedded legal values. The principal novelty of this study is the conceptualization of “Digital Extinction of Living Law” as a risk arising from excessive reliance on AI-generated legal outputs. To address this risk, the study proposes a human-centered AI model that positions AI as an assistive instrument subject to continuous human oversight, data provenance, verification, and meaningful public participation, thereby integrating technological efficiency with legal pluralism, democratic legitimacy, and the preservation of living law.
Co-Authors Amriyanto Anshar Bambang Hermawan Didith Prahara Faisal, Fatma Fathurrahim, Fathurrahim Fatma Faisal Grahadi Purna Putra Hendra Karianga Isyana Kurniasari Konoras Iwan Rasiwan Johannes Triestanto M. Djafar, Muhammad Malik, Faissal Mufti, Ahmad Muh. Taufik LaOde Muhammad Taufiq La Ode Nam Rumkel Nam Rumkel Nurul Shalihat Ansar Rahmat Hidayat Rahmat Rahmat Rahmat Saputra robert lengkong weku Rusli Jalil Salha Marasaoly Salha Marasaoly Siti Barora Sinay Sri Indriyani Umra Sudaryanto Sudaryanto Tuanany, Egfa G Yulianis Safrinadiya Rahman