Articles
Democracy and Corruption Causality in Indonesia
Azwar Iskandar;
Achmat Subekan
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Vol 3, No 3 (2020): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute August
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University
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DOI: 10.33258/birci.v3i3.1157
The objective of this study is to analyze the causality between democracy and corruption in Indonesia for the period of 1995 to 2017. This study perform a multivariate cointegration test with government expenditure as a control variable and cross-check this long-run relationship with an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model approach to cointegration beside multivariate approach proposed by Johansen & Juselius. The results show that there is cointegration among the variables specified in the model of corruption equation when government expenditure is taken into account. Indeed, for corruption and democracy to move together in the long run, they need to be associated with government expenditure. The tests for Granger Causality conducted show a long-run causality running from democracy and government expenditure to corruption. In other word, the democracy and government expenditure Granger cause corruption and not the reverse. In short-run, there is neutrality causation between democracy and corruption.
Philosophical Overview of the Relationship between Budget Users and the State General Treasurer in the Management of Financial State (Indonesia Experience)
Achmat Subekan;
Azwar Iskandar
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Vol 4, No 3 (2021): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute August
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University
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DOI: 10.33258/birci.v4i3.2186
Legislation on state financial management is a legal form of state financial management that has a rationale. Understanding the philosophical basis of the rationale will provide strengthening of understanding of the relevant laws and regulations and authority and responsibilities to the Budget User and the State General Treasurer. This study aims to find out the rationale used in state financial management, especially related to the authority and division of responsibility between the Budget User and the State General Treasurer in the state financial management. This research uses descriptive qualitative method with library research and cotent analysis technique with normative juridical approach . The results found that the Budget User and the State General Treasurer had an equal standing under the President. Both are packaged in check and balance relationships to protect the country's finances from arbitrary actions by certain parties. Philosophically, the Budget User is a party that "has a budget" so that it gets authority in planning the budget, implementing the budget, testing the bill, ordering payments, and accounting for the implementation of the budget. Budget Users become active parties in the implementation of the budget. Meanwhile, the State General Treasurer becomes a passive party, i.e. only carrying out payment duties in accordance with the pay orders issued by the Budget User. The Budget User becomes the party formally and materially responsible for the pay order issued, while the State General Treasurer is formally responsible for the payment.
Widyaiswara's Role in Apparatus Development in the Pandemic and New Normal Era
Ita Hartati;
Azwar Iskandar
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Vol 4, No 2 (2021): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute May
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University
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DOI: 10.33258/birci.v4i2.1952
This research aims to provide an overview of the challenges and role of Widyaiswara in the Ministry of Finance in improving ASN competence through adaptation and innovation in the pandemic and new normal era. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this study found that widyaiswara is required to be able to think creatively and innovatively. The challenge is whether widyaiswara is able to make interesting multimedia teaching materials. Widyaiswara was challenged and required to continue to improve and change. Widyaiswara should be able to utilize technology to open the horizon of thinking and view technology as an opportunity to improve ASN competence in the future. To answer the challenges and demands of change in this pandemic and new normal era, widyaiswara can act as facilitator, motivator, inspiration, innovator, dynamicator and role model through innovation and adaptation in the pandemic era and new normal through its roles in aspects of bureaucracy efficiency, digital literacy, agile organization mindset, public service responsiveness, and integrated and flexible working space.
Rethinking Islamic Economic and Finance Practices in Indonesia: Some Critical Reviews
Azwar Iskandar;
Bayu Taufiq Possumah;
Arfan Arifuddin
International Journal of Islamic Business and Economics (IJIBEC) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2020): IJIBEC VOL. 4 NO. 2 DECEMBER 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business of UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan
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DOI: 10.28918/ijibec.v4i2.2751
This research aimed to review and highlight some issues related to Islamic economic and finance practices in Indonesia. This research used qualitative-descriptive approach with content analysis, library research and critical studies method. This research found some critical points on islamic economic and finance practices in Indonesia, such as (i) islamic banking in Indonesia shows inconsistencies and unwillingly implementation; (ii) the Islamic economics practices not going too far from around financial sector (iii) the practice of islamic finance in indonesia is mostly focused on the Islamic Commercial Finance (ICF) sector and less concerned with Islamic Social Finance (ISF); (iv) shariah financial institutions is more precisely than what is called â€shariah bank†(v) epistemological problems in the islamic economics curriculum need to be answered and resolved to avoid a contraproductive output from its fundamental purposes. It is necessary to conduct re-orientation of sharia banking in order to strengthen the vision of sharia banking. All involving parties should be able to corporate, among them are academics, practitioners, governments, and, moreover, the role of scholars and organizations. It is reorientation and synergy of these parties which shall solve the problem of half-hearted implementation of banking and answer all criticism directed to the sharia banking all this time
Waqf in the Perspective of Mawḍū'i Hadith: Analysis of Hadith Criticism Concerning the Prohibition of Selling Waqf Property
Akrama Hatta;
Azwar Azwar
Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Vol 5, No 1 (2022): Budapest International Research and Critics Institute February
Publisher : Budapest International Research and Critics University
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DOI: 10.33258/birci.v5i1.4276
This study aims to determine the quality of the hadith related to the prohibition of selling waqf property and the opinions of the Islamic scholars regarding this matter. This research is a descriptive-qualitative study using the mauḍū'i hadith method with classical and contemporary approach and techniques of hadith criticism. The results of the study show that: (1) The quality of the hadith which is the object of naqd al-ḥadīṡ in this study is assessed as valid, both from the side of the chain (sanad) and the point of view (matan), because it has fulfilled the elements of hadith validity; (2) Regarding the law on the transfer of the function of waqf property, there are differences of opinion among the scholars. Shafi'i is of the opinion that waqf assets cannot be exchanged forever. According to Abu Hanifah, waqf property can be exchanged if the waqf property cannot be managed according to its purpose or because of public benefit and worship. Meanwhile, Ahmad bin Hambal considers that the prohibition on selling waqf property is only for waqf assets that can still be used for a need. As for waqf property that is old or almost unusable, it may be sold and the money bought for a replacement. Meanwhile, exchanging waqf assets for waqf is also permissible, apart from mosque waqf.
Analisis Minat Penggunaan Surat Elektronik Kedinasan Pada Organisasi Sektor Publik (Studi Kasus Balai Diklat Keuangan Makassar)
Rahmaluddin Saragih;
Azwar Iskandar
Sawala : Jurnal Administrasi Negara Vol. 7 No. 2 (2019): Desember 2019
Publisher : Program Studi Administrasi Negara Universitas Serang Raya
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DOI: 10.30656/sawala.v7i2.1638
This research aims to evaluate the factors that influenced the behavioral intensity of apparatus for using official electronic mail in public organization based on perceived user with Theory Acceptance Model approach. Data used in this research is primary data by using questionaire. Sample collection methods used in this research was random sampling technique. Data analysis in this research uses Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with component or varian based with Partial Least Square. The result showed that perceived ease of use significantly positive influence to perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use significantly positive influence to attitude toward using, perceived usefulness significantly positive influence to attitude toward using, behavioral intention to use significantly positive influence to actual system usage. In the other correlation path, this research also show that perceived usefulness has no significant effect on behavioral intention to use, and attitude toward using has no attitude toward using behavioral intention to use.
THE INFLATION AND POVERTY IN INDONESIA: CONSEQUENCE OF USURY?
Azwar Iskandar;
Bayu Taufiq Possumah;
Khaerul Aqbar
Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir'ah Vol 17, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : IAIN Manado
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DOI: 10.30984/jis.v17i2.918
This research was conducted to analyze the influence and correlation of interest rates as one form of the implementation of usury practices on inflation and poverty in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data from the publication of the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and Bank Indonesia for the period 2005-2018. This study uses Simple Linear Regression Analysis Techniques and Pearson Correlation Techniques. The results showed that interest rates as one form of the implementation of usury practices had an effect and had a positive and significant correlation to inflation in Indonesia. The practice of ribawi actually will bring a negative impact on the economy of the people in Indonesia in the form of an increase in the level of inflation in society. Measures of monetary policy intervention in maintaining price stability and inflation in society have not shown a positive impact. Also, the results of the study showed that interest rate policy also had a positive influence and correlation on the increase in the poverty depth index. That is, when interest rates are set to rise, the poverty depth index in the community also tends to go up or get worse. The findings of this study reinforce the legitimacy of the word of Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala in the Qur'an and the Hadith related to the prohibition of usury practices that can lead to injustice, wrongdoing, and economic destruction of the people.
EVALUATING THE DISTANCE LEARNING IN THE PANDEMIC ERA: A CASE STUDY AT FINANCIAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING AGENCY MAKASSAR
Azwar Iskandar;
Achmat Subekan
JURNAL PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran) Vol 4, No 6 (2020)
Publisher : Laboratorium Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar FKIP Universitas Riau
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DOI: 10.33578/pjr.v4i6.8131
The objectives of this research were to: (i) evaluate the trainees’s satisfaction on trainers and training performance; (ii) evaluate learning gain or the improvement of trainees’s skills, knowledge, and attitude after training; and (iii) know the significant obstacles that reduced the effectiveness of training. This study was conducted by using Kirkpatrick Evaluation Model through questionnaires, interviews, and descriptive statistics method. This research revealed that: (i) the overall aspect of the implementation evaluation assessed by participants was in Good category although it could not meet the level of participants’ expectations. It could be seen from the ratio of the average total perception/reality and the average of important which were below 100%. On the other hand, it was found that the trainers were been able to meet the participants’ expectations with the category of Very Good; (ii) the results of the evaluation analysis at Level 2 (learning gain) indicated that most of the participants graduated with Good predicate and got an increased score. Thus, it could be asserted that the participants gained additional knowledge after attending the training; (iii) there were some obstacles faced by participants in attending the training although in general the evaluation results showed good results. In terms of administration, it was found that participants generally complained about inadequate internet quality in some areas. Meanwhile, based on the trainers aspect, it was revealed that participants generally gave suggestions for trainers to add case studies and to raise the latest issues in handling the problems related to training materials.
ANALISIS EMPIRIS INKLUSIFITAS KEUANGAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Azwar Azwar Azwar
Jurnal BPPK : Badan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Keuangan Vol 10 No 1 (2017): Jurnal BPPK
Publisher : Badan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Keuangan - Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia
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DOI: 10.48108/jurnalbppk.v10i1.21
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dan menganalisis inklusifitas keuangan syariah pada 33 provinsi di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan data sekunder berbasis tahunan dari publikasi Bank Indonesia dan Badan Pusat Statistik, penelitian ini mengestimasi inklusifitas keuangan syariah di Indonesia dengan metode Index for Syariah Financial Inclusion (ISFI) yang dikembangkan dari Sarma (2012) berdasarkan tiga dimensi pengukuran yaitu accessibility, availability dan usage of banking services. Penelitian ini secara empiris membuktikan bahwa indeks inklusifitas keuangan syariah di Indonesia secara umum tergolong rendah yaitu dengan average value sebesar 0,127. Pada tingkat provinsi, ditemukan bahwa Provinsi Bangka Belitung memiliki indeks inklusifitas tertinggi dibandingkan provinsi lainnya di Indonesia. Temuan ini bermakna bahwa kelompok masyarakat tidak sepenuhnya menggunakan jasa keuangan formal, khususnya, sebagai sumber keuangan dan pembiayaan utama, sehingga pengambil kebijakan perlu untuk meningkatkan availabilitas keuangan syariah dengan menambah dan memperluas layanan perbankan syariah di Indonesai khususnya pada Kawasan Timur Indonesia. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini juga menganalisis hubungan antara inklusifitas keuangan syariah dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Melalui metode Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation, penelitian ini menemukan adanya korelasi positif dan signifikan antara inklusiftas keuangan syariah dan kesejahteraan masyarakat di Indonesia. Umumnya, provinsi dengan Human Devepelment Index (HDI) yang tinggi dan medium dapat dianalogikan relatif memiliki inklusi keuangan yang tinggi pula.
MODEL PREDIKSI FINANCIAL DISTRESS DENGAN BINARY LOGIT ( STUDI KASUS EMITEN JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX)
Azwar Azwar
Jurnal BPPK : Badan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Keuangan Vol 8 No 1 (2015): Jurnal BPPK (printed version)
Publisher : Badan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Keuangan - Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia
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The purpose of this research were to analyze : (i) Financial ratios choosen as predictor for financial distress prediction ; (ii) accuration rate of prediction model that formed from analysis. The data used was from resume of financial report of companies at Indonesia Stock Exchange periode of 2012-2013. This research used 23 companies of JII as samples with purposive sampling method. This research used binary logit regression analysis. The empirical result shown that the financial ratios such as Current ratio (CR), Operating profit margin (OPM) Return on Asset (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and yield (YLD) can be used for comparing and classifying companies to distress and non-distress group. The financial ratios such as ROA and ROE significantly can be used predition model with accuration rate of 90.9% that model also can be as early warning signal. For regulators such BEI and Otaritas Jasa Keuangan can Use it as tool for evaluating, reviewing and controlling of companies.