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Salivary Flow Rates in Various Occlusal Support Zones in Elderly Individuals Sari, Kartika Indah; Maulida, Askani; Tjahajawati, Sri
Journal of Indonesian Dental Association Vol 4 No 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Indonesian Dental Association

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Abstract

Introduction: Elderly individuals experience many changes in the oral cavity, one of which is tooth loss. Tooth loss disrupts the relationships between the maxillary and mandibular occlusions, which is detrimental to mastication. Mastication influences salivary secretion due to the salivary-masticatory reflex. Pressure on the teeth during mastication activates mechanoreceptors in the periodontal ligament, which can also stimulate salivary secretion. Objective: This study aimed to describe the salivary flow rates in various occlusal support zones in the elderly based on the Eichner Index. Methods: The study was cross-sectional and used a descriptive research method. The sample population comprised 36 elderly subjects residing in the village of Lebak Gede, Indonesia. Occlusal support zones were classified using the Eichner Index and stimulated salivary flow rates were measured using the Saxon test. Results: The sample population’s mean salivary flow rate was 1.35 ± 0.65 mL/min. The mean salivary flow rates for Eichner classifications A, B1, B2, and B3, were 1.56 ± 0.78 mL/min, 1.52 ± 0.56 mL/min, 1.18 ± 0.45 mL/min, and 0.95 ± 0.86 mL/min, respectively. Conclusion: The mean stimulated salivary flow rate tended to decrease as occlusal support zones decreased in Eichner classifications A, B1, B2, and B3.
Saliva secretion difference before and after rinsing with baking soda on menopause women Anggraeni, Dewi; Tjahajawati, Sri; Wihardja, Rosiliwati
Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Vol 19, No 1 (2007): March 2007
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (351.85 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/pjd.vol19no1.14178

Abstract

Menopause women can experience a decrease in saliva secretion (decrease). To understand the clear picture about saliva secretion, the volume, flow rate, pH and viscosity were then measured. The aim of this research was to obtain a picture about the difference of saliva secretion before and after rinsing with baking soda on menopause women. The type of the research used was a laboratory quasi-experiment with comparative descriptive form. The technique used in this research is the survey method, and samples were taken using the multistage cluster random sampling method, and t-student statistical analysis. This research was conducted with the saliva collected with spitting method on 45 menopause women. The results show that the average volume, flow rate, pH and viscosity before rinsing with baking soda was 1.79 ml, 0.18 ml/minute, 7.40 and 0.81 mm2/second. The average volume, flow rate, pH and viscosity after rinsing with baking soda were 2.66 ml; 0.27 ml/minute; 8.67 and 0.78 mm2/second. Statistical analysis t-student on α = 0.05 shows volume changes, flow rate, pH and saliva viscosity before and after rinsing with baking soda was 0.873; 0.086; 1.273 and 0.037 respectively. The conclusion shows a significant difference between saliva secretion before and after rinsing with baking soda, and saliva secretion after rinsing with baking soda on menopause women.
DIFFERENCES IN SALIVARY VOLUME, PH, AND ORAL CONDITIONS OF DIABETES MELLITUS AND NON-DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS Farhani, Dahlia Salsa; Tjahajawati, Sri; Rafisa, Anggun
Dentino: Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Vol 10, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : FKG ULM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/dentino.v10i1.22215

Abstract

Background: The Prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has been increasing over the past decades. DM is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia, which impacts various body systems, including the oral cavity. It affects salivary volume, salivary pH, and oral health, leading to conditions such as xerostomia, gingivitis, dental caries, and ulceration. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the differences in salivary volume, salivary pH, and oral conditions in DM patients and non-DM. Methods: This study was an analytic comparative using secondary data from the result of Unpad Lecturer Competency Research (RKDU) by a consecutive sampling of 22 DM women and 22 non-DM women. The numerical data were analyzed using t test or Mann-Whitney test and the categorical data were analyzed using z proportion test with a significance level of p<0,05. Results: The results showed that there were significant differences in salivary volume (p=0,0001), salivary pH (p=2,54E-05), xerostomia (p=0,01), and dental caries (p=0,007), and there were no significant differences in gingivitis (p=0,216) and ulceration (p=0,154) in DM group and non-DM group. Conclusion: There are differences in salivary volume, salivary pH, and the conditions of xerostomia and dental caries, but there are no differences in the conditions of gingivitis and ulceration in DM patients and non-DM. The differences in saliva and oral conditions are caused by autonomy neuropathy, dehydration, alteration in vascularization and immune response, increasing salivary glucose level, and drug consumption.
The Effectiveness of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in the Management of Periodontal Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rafisa, Anggun; Dewi Marhaeni Diah Herawati; Tjahajawati, Sri; Sarilita, Erli
Jurnal EduHealth Vol. 16 No. 04 (2025): Jurnal EduHealt, Edition October-December , 2025
Publisher : Sean Institute

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Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is closely associated with periodontitis through chronic inflammation and impaired tissue healing, resulting in a bidirectional relationship that adversely affects both metabolic control and periodontal health. Omega-3 fatty acids possess anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving properties and have been proposed as adjunctive host-modulatory agents in periodontal therapy for patients with diabates. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation, alone or in combination with other adjunctive therapies, on periodontal and systemic outcomes in patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus databases for randomized controlled trials published between 2015 and 2025. Eligible studies investigated omega-3 fatty acid supplementation as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy in patients with periodontitis and diabetes mellitus. Data were extracted and synthesized descriptively. Six randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. Adjunctive omega-3 fatty acid supplementation consistently demonstrated greater improvements in periodontal parameters, including probing depth, clinical attachment level, and gingival inflammation, compared with nonsurgical periodontal therapy alone. Omega-3–based interventions were associated with significant reductions in inflammatory and cardiometabolic biomarkers, such as interleukins, pentraxin, chemerin, malondialdehyde, and glycated hemoglobin. Combined interventions, particularly omega-3 with low-dose aspirin or omega-3–enriched cranberry juice, yielded the most pronounced periodontal and metabolic benefits. Omega-3 fatty acids appear to be a promising adjunctive therapy for improving periodontal and systemic outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.