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Peran Madu Sebagai Terapi Utama Penyembuhan Ulkus Diabetik Pada Lansia: Studi Kasus Puspita, Tantri; Kosasih, Cecep Eli; Juniarti, Neti; Sofiatin, Yulia
Jurnal Riset Kesehatan Nasional Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Institute Teknologi dan Kesehatan (ITEKES) Bali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37294/jrkn.v9i1.642

Abstract

Diabetes melitus (DM) adalah penyakit kronis dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat, terutama pada populasi lanjut usia. Salah satu komplikasi utama DM adalah ulkus diabetikum, yang sulit disembuhkan dan berisiko tinggi terhadap infeksi serta amputasi. Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas madu sebagai terapi topikal dalam perawatan ulkus kaki diabetikum pada pasien lansia. Seorang pasien laki-laki berusia 67 tahun dengan DM selama 1 tahun dan ulkus kaki diabetikum selama 8 minggu menerima perawatan luka menggunakan aplikasi madu secara topikal. Aplikasi madu dilakukan 1 sampai 3 kali sehari pada luka yang mengalami infeksi.. Observasi dilakukan terhadap perubahan ukuran luka, tanda-tanda infeksi, dan waktu penyembuhan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penyembuhan luka berlangsung dalam 8 minggu, dengan kemajuan penyembuhan yang lebih cepat saat luka diaplikasikan madu dibandingkan dengan penggunaan menggunakan antibiotik topikal. Fluktuasi kadar glukosa darah pasien (88–207 mg/dL) tercatat selama masa pengobatan, yang berpotensi memengaruhi waktu penyembuhan luka. Madu sebagai terapi topikal menunjukkan potensi yang menjanjikan dalam mempercepat penyembuhan ulkus diabetikum, dengan manfaat antibakteri yang membantu mencegah infeksi. Meskipun demikian, stabilitas kadar glukosa darah tetap menjadi faktor yang signifikan dalam keberhasilan terapi ini. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan madu sebaiknya dipadukan dengan pengelolaan glikemik yang optimal. Studi lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengeksplorasi efektivitas madu pada populasi yang lebih luas dan dalam kondisi yang lebih terkontrol.   Kata Kunci: diabetes melitus, madu, perawatan luka
Hambatan, peluang, dan strategi skrining dua arah tuberkulosis dan diabetes mellitus: A literature review Reynaldi, Andrean; Juniarti, Neti; Sari, Sheizi Prista
Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan Vol. 19 No. 4 (2025): Volume 19 Nomor 4
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/hjk.v19i4.924

Abstract

Background: The increasing prevalence of tuberculosis (TBC) and diabetes mellitus (DM) comorbidities poses a major challenge for global health systems. DM increases susceptibility to TBC, while TBC worsens glycaemic control in DM patients, which raises the risk of complications and mortality. The WHO notes that many TBC patients also have DM, and vice versa, requiring an integrated care approach. In response, the WHO and The Union developed the Collaborative Framework for the Management of TBC and DM to support bidirectional screening and integrated management, aiming to enhance awareness and improve the quality of TBC-DM patient management. Purpose: To identify the barriers, opportunities, and strategies in implementing bidirectional screening for tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus patients. Method: Literature review research (narrative review) and article search were conducted using the PCC (Population, Concept, Context) framework using literature sources taken from four databases: PubMed, SAGE Journals, Scopus, and Taylor & Francis. Keywords used include: challenges OR barriers OR difficulties AND opportunities OR success OR possibilities AND strategies OR strategies AND two-way AND screening AND TB OR mycobacterium tuberculosis infection OR TB AND comorbidities OR comorbidities AND diabetes mellitus OR DM. Article inclusion criteria include articles published in 2014-2024, full text, open access, academic journals, written in English and Indonesian, and original research. Results: This review identified barriers to implementing two-way screening for TB and DM, such as lack of patient awareness, shortage of health workers, and limited diagnostic tools. However, there are opportunities to improve screening through integration of TB and DM services, private sector involvement, and community-based screening. Strategies to overcome barriers and capitalize on opportunities include better training of health workers, provision of diagnostic tools, and patient education to increase participation in screening. Conclusion: Implementation of bidirectional screening for TB and DM faces several barriers, including lack of patient awareness, social stigma, and limited access and equipment in health facilities, especially in rural areas. In addition, shortage of health workers and limited financing in the health system undermine the implementation of screening.   Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus; Bidirectional Screening; Tuberculosis.   Pendahuluan: Meningkatnya prevalensi komorbiditas tuberkulosis (TBC) dan diabetes melitus (DM) menjadi tantangan besar bagi sistem kesehatan global. DM meningkatkan kerentanan terhadap TBC, sementara TBC memperburuk pengendalian glikemik pada pasien DM, dan meningkatkan risiko komplikasi serta kematian. WHO mencatat bahwa banyak pasien TBC juga menderita DM dan sebaliknya, sehingga diperlukan pendekatan perawatan yang terintegrasi. Menanggapi hal ini, WHO dan The Union mengembangkan collaborative framework for the management of TBC and DM untuk mendukung skrining dua arah dan manajemen terintegrasi untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan kualitas manajemen pasien TBC-DM. Tujuan: Untuk mengidentifikasi hambatan, peluang, dan strategi dalam pelaksanaan skrining dua arah untuk pasien tuberkulosis dan diabetes melitus. Metode: Penelitian tinjauan pustaka (narrative review) dan pencarian artikel dilakukan dengan kerangka PCC (Population, Concept, Context) menggunakan sumber literatur yang diambil dari empat basis data: PubMed, SAGE Journals, Scopus, dan Taylor & Francis. Kata kunci yang digunakan meliputi: challenges OR barriers OR difficulties AND opportunities OR success OR possibilities AND strategy OR strategies AND bidirectional AND screening AND tuberculosis OR mycobacterium tuberculosis infection OR TB AND comorbidities OR comorbidity AND diabetes mellitus OR DM. Kriteria inklusi artikel antara lain, artikel yang dipublikasi tahun 2014-2024, full-text, akses terbuka, jurnal akademik, ditulis dalam bahasa Inggris dan Indonesia, serta penelitian asli. Hasil: Tinjauan ini mengidentifikasi hambatan dalam pelaksanaan skrining dua arah untuk TBC dan DM, seperti kurangnya kesadaran pasien, kekurangan tenaga medis, dan keterbatasan alat diagnostik. Namun, terdapat peluang untuk meningkatkan skrining melalui integrasi layanan TBC dan DM, keterlibatan sektor swasta, dan skrining berbasis komunitas. Strategi untuk mengatasi hambatan dan memanfaatkan peluang ini meliputi pelatihan tenaga kesehatan yang lebih baik, penyediaan alat diagnostik, dan edukasi pasien untuk meningkatkan partisipasi dalam skrining. Simpulan: Implementasi skrining dua arah untuk TBC dan DM menghadapi berbagai hambatan, termasuk kurangnya kesadaran pasien, stigma sosial, serta keterbatasan akses, dan peralatan di fasilitas kesehatan, terutama di daerah pedesaan. Selain itu, kekurangan tenaga kesehatan terlatih dan terbatasnya pendanaan dalam sistem kesehatan memperburuk tantangan implementasi skrining.   Kata Kunci: Diabetes Mellitus; Skrining Dua Arah; Tuberkulosis.
Strategies to enhance the integration of health services, education, research and community engagement within the Nursing Center Model Juniarti, Neti; Fuller, Jeffrey
Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran
Publisher : Faculty of Nursing Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jkp.v13i2.2888

Abstract

The Nursing Center (NC) Model is an innovative approach that integrates community engagement, education, research, and community health care services.  We have identified a conceptual framework for a client-centered, service-learning-oriented nursing curriculum that revitalizes community health nursing and improves services through integrated practice and research. The six stages of integration approaches include preparation, orientation, working, pre-termination, termination, and adoption.  Implementing these strategies can enhance the quality of nursing services, nursing graduates, and the health of people in the community.  To improve outcomes for all stakeholders involved, the Academic Health System (AHS) may also incorporate the NC model within the system.
Effectiveness of Hypertension Management through Early Detection, Hypertension Education, and Hypertension Exercise. Tarisa, Tarisa; Yamin, Ahmad; Juniarti, Neti
Jurnal Keperawatan Profesional Vol 13, No 2 (2025): Infectious Diseases
Publisher : Nurul Jadid University, Probolinggo, East Java, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33650/jkp.v13i2.12437

Abstract

Hypertension is one of the leading Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) causing cardiovascular complications in Indonesia. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of hypertension management through early detection, health education, and hypertension exercise interventions. A pre-experimental design was used with a community nursing care approach. The intervention included early detection and hypertension education for 55 residents, as well as hypertension exercise involving 15 residents, with blood pressure measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using bivariate analysis. Results showed that early detection identified a prevalence of 49.1% of respondents as severely overweight, 29.1% with grade 2 hypertension, and 9.1% with blood glucose levels >200 mg/dL. Unhealthy lifestyle habits included high sodium intake (69.1%), sugar (60%), fat (45.5%), while only 25.5% consumed vegetables and fruits adequately, 52.7% had low physical activity, and 10.9% were smokers. Hypertension education significantly increased knowledge scores from 5.33 to 7.69 (p = 0.000), and hypertension exercise significantly reduced systolic blood pressure from 129.47 mmHg to 122.73 mmHg (p = 0.000), and diastolic pressure from 83.53 mmHg to 81.13 mmHg (p = 0.027). Hypertension management through early detection, education, and exercise proved effective in increasing knowledge and reducing blood pressure among residents.
Hubungan Persepsi Dan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Pada Lansia Penderita Diabetes Melitus Di Kelurahan Babakan Sari Berdasarkan Health Belief Model Alfita, Aliyah Nur; Juniarti, Neti; Sari, Citra Windani Mambang
JURNAL KEPERAWATAN SUAKA INSAN (JKSI) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Jurnal Keperawatan Suaka Insan (JKSI)
Publisher : STIKES Suaka Insan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51143/jksi.v10i2.867

Abstract

Medication adherence is a key determinant for maintaining quality of life and preventing serious complications in older adults with diabetes mellitus. However, adherence is often hindered by various factors, particularly individual perceptions of the disease and its therapy. Negative perceptions or inadequate understanding can constitute a major obstacle to successful treatment outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the perceptions of older adults with diabetes, as measured by the Health Belief Model (HBM) framework, and their level of medication adherence. This cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted from November 20 to December 17, 2024, in the Babakan Sari sub-district. A sample of 64 respondents was recruited using simple random sampling. Data were collected using the Health Belief Model questionnaire and a medication adherence questionnaire, and subsequently analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Spearman Rank correlation test. The analysis revealed a statistically significant, strong positive relationship between HBM-based perceptions and medication adherence (r = .716, p < .001). Perceived barriers and perceived benefits were identified as the two most influential HBM components in determining medication adherence among older adults with diabetes mellitus. Interventions targeting these two perceptions have the potential to improve therapeutic success in this population.
Health Checkup Behavior of Elderly with High Risk of Heart Disease Habeahan, Natamia Kyrieleison; Juniarti, Neti; Mulya, Adelse Prima
Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research Vol 6 No 5 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research
Publisher : GLOBAL HEALTH SCIENCE GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37287/ijghr.v6i5.3433

Abstract

Health complaints that are often felt by the elderly such as coughs, fever, heat, diarrhea, headaches, and even complaints of disability, accidents, and chronic diseases that have been suffered. One of them is cardiovascular disease, namely heart disease which is a non-communicable but very deadly disease. Indonesia has a prevalence of heart disease that has tripled from 2013 to 2018 so this study aims to determine health examination behavior to identify the proportion of elderly people who have a high risk of heart disease. This study uses quantitative research with descriptive methods with a cross sectional study approach. The distribution of elderly behavior in conducting routine health checks was 52 (57.1%). There were 72 (79.1%) elderly with hypertension, 53 (58.2%) with high blood cholesterol and 10 (11%) with high blood sugar. These results explain that the high risk of heart disease in the elderly is still very high, therefore the behavior of the elderly in Jatinangor especially at Cipacing and Cilayung are really needs to be improved. The results of blood pressure checks, blood cholesterol levels and abnormal blood sugar levels need attention for health workers in the public health center area.
Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Cerdik Penyakit Tidak Menular terhadap Kejadian Hipertensi Sundari, Muhrida Septiana; Juniarti, Neti; Sari, Sheizi Prista
MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Vol 4, No 11 (2024): Volume 4 Nomor 11 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mahesa.v4i11.16073

Abstract

ABSTRACT Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that is still the leading cause of death globally and nationally. This study aims to analyze the relationship between knowledge and behavior of CERDIK PTM on the incidence of hypertension in the target of Posbindu in Ciwalen Village, Garut Regency. The research method used is quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. The results showed that there was a relationship between knowledge (p=0.000), and CERDIK NCD behavior (p=0.002) with the incidence of hypertension. In conclusion, there is a relationship between the knowledge and behavior of CERDIK PTM and the incidence of hypertension. Keywords: CERDIK NCD, Hypertension, Knowledge  ABSTRAK Hipertensi merupakan penyakit tidak menular yang masih menjadi penyebab utama kematian secara global dan nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara pengetahuan dan perilaku CERDIK PTM terhadap kejadian hipertensi pada sasaran Posbindu di Kelurahan Ciwalen, Kabupaten Garut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan pengetahuan (p=0,000), dan perilaku CERDIK PTM (p=0,002) dengan kejadian hipertensi. Ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dan perilaku CERDIK PTM dengan kejadian hipertensi. Kata Kunci: CERDIK PTM, Hipertensi, Pengetahuan
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Masyarakat tentang Penyakit Hipertensi di Dusun Panglanjan Desa Cintaratu Pangandaran Rosidin, Udin; Setiawan, Setiawan; Juniarti, Neti; Purnama, Dadang
Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) Vol 7, No 6 (2024): Volume 7 No 6 2024
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jkpm.v7i6.15022

Abstract

ABSTRAK Penyakit hipertensi saat ini menjadi  salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang meresahkan penduduk dunia. Kejadian meningkatnya penyakit hipertensi adalah penyebab utama kematian di seluruh dunia. Penyakit hipertensi memiliki kecenderungan terus meningkat khususnya di negara berkembang. Hasil survey yang dilakukan mahasiswa program praktek lapangan komunitas di Dusun Panglanjan Desa Cintaratu Kecamatan Parigi Kabupaten Pangandaran didapatkan hasil bahwa  hampir setengahnya lansia mengatakan tidak mengetahui tentang hipertensi, banyak yang memiliki tekanan darah lebih dari 140/90 mmHg, memiliki riwayat kolesterol yang tinggi dan banyak yang memiliki keluhan utama diantaranya hipertensi. Selain itu didapatkan pula banyak lansia yang tidak datang ke posbindu untuk pemeriksaan kesehatan. Tujuan kegiatan ini diharapkan masyarakat Dusun Panglanjan Desa Cintaratu Pangandaran memiliki pengetahuan dan kemampuan untuk melakukan perilaku pencegahan penyakit hipertensi. Metode kegiatan adalah penyuluhan kesehatan tentang penyakit hipertensi dan pemeriksaan kesehatan sebagai upaya deteksi dini penyakit hipertensi. Hasil kegiatan menunjukan rata-rata nilai pengetahuan sebelum dilakukan penyuluhan kesehatan sebesar 53 poin dan rata rata nilai setelah dilakukan penyuluhan kesehatan sebesar 76 poin. Kesimpulan ada peningkatan pengetahuan setelah dilakukan penyuluhan  kesehatan sebesar 23 poin. Sedangkan kegiatan pemeriksaan kesehatan diikuti oleh semua peserta yang hadir yaitu 42 orang. Kegiatan yang sudah dilaksanakan diharapkan dapat dilanjutkan oleh Kepala Puskesmas Selasari bersama Kepala Desa Cintaratu. Sehingga pada akhirnya masyarakat dapat melaksanakan perilaku pencegahan penyakit hipertensi dengan benar secara mandiri.   Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan, Penyuluhan Kesehatan, Penyakit Hipertensi  ABSTRACT Hypertension is currently a public health problem that is troubling the world's population. The increasing incidence of hypertension is the main cause of death throughout the world. Hypertension has a tendency to continue to increase, especially in developing countries. The results of a survey conducted by students of the community field practice program in Panglanjan Hamlet, Cintaratu Village, Parigi District, Pangandaran Regency, showed that almost half of the elderly said they did not know about hypertension, many had blood pressure of more than 140/90 mmHg, had a history of high cholesterol and many The main complaint is hypertension. Apart from that, it was also found that many elderly people did not come to Posbindu for health checks. The aim of this activity is that it is hoped that the people of Panglanjan Hamlet, Cintaratu Pangandaran Village, will have the knowledge and ability to carry out behavior to prevent hypertension. The activity method is health education about hypertension and health checks as an effort to detect hypertension early. The results of the activity showed that the average knowledge score before the health education was carried out was 53 points and the average score after the health education was carried out was 76 points. The conclusion was that there was an increase in knowledge after health education was carried out by 23 points. Meanwhile, all 42 participants attended the health examination activity. It is hoped that the activities that have been carried out can be continued by the Head of the Siswari Community Health Center together with the Head of Cintaratu Village. So that in the end the community can implement hypertension prevention behavior correctly independently. Keywords: Knowledge, Health Education, Hypertension
Pemberdayaan Keluarga dalam Meningkatkan Adversity dan Spiritual Quotient Keluarga Pada Saat Pandemi di Rumah Sari, Citra Windani Mambang; Juniarti, Neti; Yani, Desy Indra; witdiawati, witdiawati
Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) Vol 7, No 3 (2024): Volume 7 No 3 2024
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jkpm.v7i3.13044

Abstract

ABSTRAK  Tahun 2021 merupakan tahun ke 2 berlangsungnya pandemic covid-19 yang  menyebabkan semua orang menghabiskan sebagian besar waktunya di rumah demi memutus mata rantai Covid19. Selain pembatasan aktivitas, adversity dan spiritual merupakan suatu hal yang penting pada saat pandemi sebagai ketahanan pada keluarga. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemberdayaan keluarga dalam mengidentifikasi Adversity dan Spiritual Quotient anggota keluarganya serta mengembangkan strategi koping keluarga yang baik selama masa pandemi. Pengabdian ini merupakan rangkaian work-life balance yang dilaksanakan secara online dengan zoom meeting. Kegiatan ini dihadiri 208 orang yang terdiri dari peserta umum yang merupakan pekerja atau mahasiswa. Dari kuesioner wellnes yang disebarkan ke peserta hampir setengahnya dari peserta kurang merasa ceria, kurang merasa tenang dan santai, kurang merasa aktif, tidak bangun dengan perasaan segar dan istirahat, kehidupan sehari-hari tidak dipenuhi dengan hal-hal yang menarik dalam waktu dua minggu terakhir. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, keluarga dapat memahami dan mempraktekan secara langsung bagaimana menyiapkan mental keluarga terutama di masa pandemi. Hal ini juga dapat menjadi rekomendasi untuk perawat komunitas dalam merencanakan intervensi untuk keperawatan keluarga. Kata Kunci: Spiritual, Adversity, Keluarga, Pandemi, Wellnes, Worklife-Balance  ABSTRACT Year of 2021 is the 2nd year of the covid-19 pandemic which causes everyone to spend most of their time at home to break the Covid19 chain. In addition to activity restrictions, adversity and spirituality are important during a pandemic as resilience in families. This activity aims to increase family empowerment in identifying Adversity and Spiritual Quotient of their family members and developing good family coping strategies during the pandemic. This service is a series of work-life balance which is carried out online with zoom meetings. This activity was attended by 208 people consisting of general participants who are workers or students. From the wellness questionnaire distributed to participants, almost half of the participants did not feel cheerful, did not feel calm and relaxed, did not feel active, did not wake up feeling refreshed and rested, and their daily lives were not filled with interesting things in the last two weeks. Based on this, families can understand and practice directly how to mentally prepare families, especially during a pandemic. This can also be a recommendation for community nurses in planning interventions for family nursing. Keywords: Spirituality, Adversity, Family, Pandemic, Wellness, Work-Life Balance
Program Kitasuka (Kesehatan Gigi dan Kesehatan Anak Paud) sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat di Rancaekek Haroen, Hartiah; Juniarti, Neti; Sari, Citra Windani Mambang; Witdiawati, Witdiawati; Mulya, Adelse Prima
Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) Vol 7, No 8 (2024): Volume 7 No 8 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jkpm.v7i8.15133

Abstract

ABSTRAK Stunting merupakan permasalahan di Indonesia. Salah satu pencegahan stunting adalah penerapan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat termasuk di lingkungan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD). Anak PAUD memiliki peran penting dalam membentuk perkembangan anak sejak dini. Melalui edukasi dan demonstrasi aktivitas kebersihan cuci tangan dan sikat gigi, anak-anak PAUD diharapkan mampu memahami dan mengaplikasikan langkah-langkah penting dalam menjaga kebersihan diri dan lingkungan. Hasil pengabdian dapat diidentifikasi bahwa terdapat peningkatan sebanyak 68% pada skor pre-test dan post-test. Perilaku hidup sehat dan bersih pada anak sekolah sangatlah penting untuk mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan mereka secara optimal. Perilaku hidup sehat dan bersih pada anak sekolah sangatlah penting untuk mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan mereka secara optimal. Kata Kunci: Kitasuka, Perilaku Hidup Bersih, Stunting  ABSTRACT Stunting is a problem in Indonesia. One of the prevention of stunting is the implementation of clean and healthy living behaviors including in the Early Childhood Education (PAUD) environment. PAUD children have an important role in shaping children's development from an early age. Through education and demonstration of hand washing and tooth brushing hygiene activities, PAUD children are expected to be able to understand and apply important steps in maintaining personal and environmental hygiene. The results of the service can be identified that there is an increase of 68% in the pre-test and post-test scores. Healthy and clean living behavior in school children is very important to support their optimal growth and development. Healthy and clean living behavior in school children is very important to support their optimal growth and development. Keywords: Kitasuka, Hygiene Behavior, Stunting