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Optimasi Metode Baermann untuk deteksi Larva Soil Transmitted Helmints pada tanah di Tanah Bumbu Nurmansyah, Dian; Julpadli, Muhammad; Sasmitha, Maya Herliana; Humairah, Salsabila; Ansari, Muhammad Hafiz; Nisa, Shalehatun; Mudzakkir, Musyirah; Zalianty, Firda
Indonesian Journal of Microbiology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijm.v2i2.4618

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi keberadaan larva Soil Transmitted Helminths (STHs), khususnya hookworm, pada sampel tanah di Desa Manuntung, Kecamatan Kusan Hulu, Kabupaten Tanah Bumbu, Kalimantan Selatan. Wilayah ini dipilih berdasarkan kesamaan karakteristik geografis dan laporan prevalensi tinggi infeksi cacing di daerah sekitarnya. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan observasional. Sebanyak 25 titik sampel tanah dikumpulkan dari dua lokasi berbeda, yaitu area persawahan (10 titik) dan area perkebunan kelapa sawit (15 titik). Sampel diambil pada kedalaman 3–5 cm dan diperiksa menggunakan metode Baermann di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi dan Parasitologi Universitas Borneo Lestari. Pemeriksaan difokuskan pada identifikasi larva hookworm berdasarkan morfologi mikroskopis, dengan analisis data disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh sampel tanah dari persawahan (100%) dan sebagian besar dari perkebunan sawit (93,3%) positif mengandung larva hookworm. Karakteristik tanah yang gembur, berpasir, dan lembab di kedua lokasi tersebut diduga kuat mendukung pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup larva. Metode Baermann terbukti efektif dalam mendeteksi larva STHs karena sensitivitas tinggi dan kemampuannya menangkap larva yang bergerak aktif di media cair. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya potensi tinggi penularan STHs kepada masyarakat sekitar, terutama kelompok yang bekerja di area pertanian dan perkebunan tanpa pelindung kaki. Hasil ini menjadi data awal penting untuk penelitian lanjutan pada manusia, serta mendukung perlunya intervensi berbasis perilaku dan sanitasi untuk menekan risiko infeksi kecacingan.
Human strongyloidiasis in rural villages of South Kalimantan, Indonesia: A case series Kristi, Priska PP.; Kusumasari, Peni; Puspawati, Puspawati; Tanzil, Yurniah; Nurmansyah, Dian; Syairaji, Muhammad; Kusumasari, Rizqiani A.; Sholikhah, Eti N.; Buehler, Nina; Sy, Issa; Schneitler, Sophie; Becker, Sören L.; Murhandarwati, Elsa H.
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i3.2515

Abstract

Strongyloidiasis, caused by the nematode Strongyloides stercoralis, can lead to severe complications, including hyperinfection syndrome and disseminated disease, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. However, data on its epidemiology and clinical significance in Indonesia remain scarce and outdated. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of S. stercoralis, identify potential sources of infection, and explore associated risk factors. A case series of strongyloidiasis was identified during a soil-transmitted helminth survey conducted in two villages in Banjar District, South Kalimantan, Indonesia, between May and July 2024. S. stercoralis larvae were detected in four individuals out of 224 fecal samples (1.8%) using the Baermann funnel method, with confirmation via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). All infected individuals were female farmers who reported nonspecific clinical symptoms. Subsequent environmental sampling revealed viable S. stercoralis larvae in soil from one of the villages. The detection of asymptomatic, infected individuals suggests that humans serve as reservoirs for ongoing transmission. In the context of open defecation practices, sustained transmission is likely unless targeted interventions are implemented. Urgent actions are needed, including community education and the provision of basic sanitation infrastructure such as latrines and access to clean water. These interventions are especially critical given that ivermectin—the first-line treatment for strongyloidiasis—is not currently available in Indonesia.
Identifikasi Cacing Soil-Transmitted Helmiths pada Tanah di Desa Bekoso Kalimantan Timur Nurmansyah, Dian; Zalianty, Firda; Puspawati Puspawati; Muhammad Arsyad; Maya Sasmitha
Quantum Wellness : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September : Quantum Wellness : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/quwell.v2i3.2244

Abstract

Worm infestation due to Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) infection remains a public health problem, especially among elementary school children who frequently interact with contaminated soil. This condition is a major concern because it can cause long-term health problems, particularly in terms of physical growth and development of children. This study aims to identify the presence of STH worm eggs and larvae in soil and fecal samples of children in Bekoso Village, Pasir Belengkong District, Paser Regency, East Kalimantan. This study used a descriptive approach with a cross-sectional design. The samples used consisted of 23 soil points taken from oil palm plantations with sandy and loose soil criteria, as well as 16 fecal samples from elementary school children. Fecal examination was carried out using the Kato-Katz method to detect worm eggs, while the soil was examined using the Baermann technique to detect worm larvae. The results showed that 25% of children's fecal samples were infected with worm eggs, with 12.5% containing hookworm eggs, 12.5% Taenia sp. eggs, and 6.25% Ascaris lumbricoides eggs. In soil samples, 60.87% tested positive for Strongyloides stercoralis larvae and 26.09% tested positive for Ascaris lumbricoides eggs. These findings indicate a high risk of STH infection in children in the area. Environmental factors such as soil moisture, soil texture suitable for worm breeding, and poor personal hygiene practices are suspected to be the main causes of the spread of infection. This study emphasizes the importance of education on clean and healthy living behaviors (PHBS) and improving environmental sanitation to reduce cases of worm infection, especially in endemic areas such as Bekoso Village. More comprehensive prevention efforts are urgently needed to address this problem and improve public health, especially among elementary school children.
Lymphocyte Cell Count Profile based on Widal Titer On Pediatric Typhoid Fever Nurmansyah, Dian; Fayumi, Syihab; Nisa, Shalehatun; Puspawati, Puspawati; Sasmitha, Maya; Mudzakkir, Musyirrah; Arsyad, Muhammad
Jurnal Analis Medika Biosains (JAMBS) Vol 12, No 2 (2025): JURNAL ANALIS MEDIKA BIOSAINS (JAMBS)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32807/jambs.v12i2.480

Abstract

Typhoid fever remains a significant public health concern in Indonesia, which has the third-highest global case rate, with 350–810 cases per 100,000 people and a fatality rate of 3.1–10.4%, primarily due to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Children aged 5–14 years are most affected, with transmission occurring via contaminated food, water, or poor hygiene. Salmonella typhi invades intestinal immune tissues (Peyer’s patches), triggering responses from T and B lymphocytes, though bacterial endotoxins can suppress bone marrow function, altering leukocyte levels. This study analyzed the relationship between Widal titer and lymphocyte counts in pediatric typhoid patients using a cross-sectional design. Data from 526 patients at Graha Medika Martapura Clinic and Ratu Zalecha Hospital (January 2023–February 2025) were analyzed statistically, with inclusion criteria of Widal titer ≥1/320 and complete blood count results. Results showed 18.8% of patients had elevated lymphocytes, 79.3% had normal levels, and 1.9% exhibited lymphocytopenia. Higher Widal titers (1/640) correlated with lower lymphocyte counts (15.8% elevated vs. 23.0% at 1/320), suggesting immune suppression mediated by IL-6 through specific signaling pathways. Paradoxically, some cases showed lymphocytosis (18.8%), likely due to cytokine-induced immune modulation. Statistical analysis revealed a minimal correlation (R²=0.006), indicating Widal titer explains only 0.6% of lymphocyte variation. These findings demonstrate that while Widal titer has limited predictive value for lymphocyte changes, immune response mechanisms, particularly involving IL-6, play a critical role in typhoid fever's hematological manifestations.
Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends and Opportunities on the Infection of HIV and Tuberculosis: 2013 – 2024 Data Collection Nurmansyah, Dian; Puspawati, Puspawati; Putri Ayanti, Bio; Valentine Gunasari, Lala Foresta; Lystirini, Eka
Jurnal KESANS : Kesehatan dan Sains Vol 5 No 1 (2025): KESANS: International Journal of Health and Science
Publisher : Rifa'Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54543/kesans.v5i1.456

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infection remains a critical problem in public health, particularly in Indonesia, which carries a high disease burden. A preliminary literature review reveals a significant gap in research from Indonesian institutions, highlighting the urgent need for a systematic analysis of the existing scientific landscape. This bibliometric study, conducted using the Scopus database from 2010 to 2023, aims to map publication trends, key contributors, and emerging research themes related to TB-HIV. The analysis shows a consistent increase in publications over the last decade, with research driven by a strong collaborative network led by highly prolific authors and dominated by Brazilian institutions. Visualizations indicate a shift in research focus from specific HIV-related topics to broader aspects of TB, drug resistance, and patient demographics. Despite the diversification of global contributions with a growing presence from countries in Africa and Asia, Indonesia's representation remains limited. This presents a compelling opportunity for Indonesian researchers to increase their involvement and contribute to the global scholarly discourse on this issue, addressing a national and international health challenge.
Profil Jumlah Leukosit Berdasarkan Nilai Titer Widal pada Kasus Demam Tifoid Anak Nurmansyah, Dian; Nisa, Shalehatun; Puspawati, Puspawati; Fayumi, Syihab; Mudzakkir, Musyirah; Sasmitha, Maya Herliana
JSN : Jurnal Sains Natural Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Agustus
Publisher : Puslitbang Sekawan Institute Nusa Tenggara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35746/jsn.v3i2.845

Abstract

Typhoid fever, caused by Salmonella typhi infection, remains a public health issue in developing countries, including Indonesia, with the highest prevalence among children aged 5–14 years. This study aimed to analyze the leukocyte profile of pediatric typhoid fever patients at Graha Medika Clinic, Banjar Regency. An observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach was used. The sample included 526 pediatric patients with Widal titers ?1/320 who underwent complete blood tests. Results revealed that 71.3% of patients had normal leukocyte counts, while 22.4% showed leukocytosis and 6.3% had leukopenia. Simple linear regression analysis indicated no significant relationship between Widal titers and leukocyte levels (R² = 0.002). These findings suggest that most pediatric typhoid fever cases present with normal leukocyte counts. Among abnormal cases, leukocytosis was more common, though leukopenia was also observed.
Identifikasi Nematoda Usus dan Cestoda Usus pada Feses Anak Sekolah Dasar di Desa Bekoso Kalimantan Timur Firda Zalianty; Dian Nurmansyah; Puspawati Puspawati; Lala Foresta Valentine Gunasari
Vitalitas Medis : Jurnal Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): April: Vitalitas Medis : Jurnal Kesehatan dan Kedokteran
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62383/vimed.v3i2.2881

Abstract

Helminth infections caused by Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) and Taenia sp. remain a major public health concern in tropical regions, including Indonesia, particularly among elementary school children. This study aimed to identify the presence of eggs and larvae of intestinal nematodes and cestodes in fecal samples collected from elementary school children in Bekoso Village, East Kalimantan. The research employed a descriptive survey method with a cross-sectional approach, and laboratory examinations were conducted using the Kato-Katz technique. A total of 16 fecal samples were examined to detect Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, and Taenia sp. eggs. The results showed that 12.5% of samples were positive for hookworm eggs, 12.5% for Taenia sp. eggs, and 6.25% for Ascaris lumbricoides eggs. These findings indicate that poor personal hygiene and inadequate environmental sanitation contribute to an increased risk of intestinal helminth transmission. The study highlights the importance of preventive efforts through the promotion of clean and healthy living behaviors, consistent use of footwear, handwashing with soap, and community participation in mass deworming programs to reduce the prevalence of intestinal helminth infections among elementary school children.
Re-evaluating Albendazole-Based Preventive Chemotherapy for Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Indonesia: A Narrative Review on Efficacy, Challenges, and Future Strategies Gunasari, Lala; Nurmansyah, Dian; Triana, Dessy
Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy Research Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/scpr.v3i1.5601

Abstract

This narrative review seeks to critically analyze the efficacy of albendazole, the cornerstone anthelmintic of the program. Relevant literature (2020-2025) was identified through a systematic search of the ScienceDirect and Google Scholar databases. While evidence confirms albendazole's effectiveness, with cure rates up to 93%, its performance is inconsistent and influenced by a confluence of factors. A critical constraint identified is the absence of robust, large-scale national surveillance data on STH prevalence and drug efficacy, hindering a comprehensive assessment of albendazole's performance within the program. The persistent burden of STH underscores a gap between program implementation and its intended public health impact. While albendazole remains essential, its variable efficacy and operational barriers necessitate a critical reassessment of the current strategy.
Jumlah Leukosit berkorelasi dengan Jumlah Trombosit pada Demam Tifoid Anak Dian Nurmansyah; Lala Foresta Valentine Gunasari; Puspawati Puspawati; Maya Herliana Sasmitha
Media Ilmiah Kesehatan Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): MAY
Publisher : Pakis Journal Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58184/miki.v4i2.938

Abstract

Typhoid fever in children remains a health problem in developing countries, with hematological changes such as leukocyte and platelet abnormalities being frequently observed. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between leukocyte and platelet counts in pediatric patients with typhoid fever. A cross-sectional design was employed using secondary data from the Clinical Pathology Laboratory of RSDI Banjarbaru City. A total of 72 children aged 5–13 years who met the inclusion criteria (diagnosis of typhoid fever by Tubex TF, no prior antibiotic therapy) were analyzed. Leukocyte and platelet measurements were performed using a hematology analyzer, and data were analyzed using simple linear regression (SPSS version 24). Results showed a mean age of 8.2 years, with a higher proportion of males (59.7%). Leukocyte distribution was highly variable, ranging from severe leukopenia (1200–1248/mm³) to extremely high values. Platelet distribution was also wide, with very low values of 51,000/mm³ and high outliers up to 460,000/mm³. Regression analysis yielded the equation y = 13.74x + 118195 with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.4998, indicating that approximately 50% of the variability in platelet count could be explained by leukocyte count. Pathophysiologically, this relationship is mediated by proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6) and leukocyte-platelet aggregation induced by Salmonella typhi endotoxin. In conclusion, there is a moderate positive correlation between leukocyte and platelet counts in children with typhoid fever. These hematological parameters have the potential to serve as adjunctive diagnostic tools and for risk stratification, particularly in settings with limited blood culture facilities.
From Drug of Choice to Publich Health Tool: A Narrative Review of Ivermectin for Strongyloidiasis Control Dian Nurmansyah; Lala Gunasari; Puspawati
Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy Research Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): April
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/scpr.v3i1.5600

Abstract

This narrative review analyses the gap between its clinical supremacy and inadequate public health translation. A structured literature search (2020-2025) using MeSH terms including Ivermectin, Strongyloides stercoralis, and soil-transmitted helminths was conducted via ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. The retrieved evidence synthesizes ivermectin's superior therapeutic profile over albendazole and critically examines the Indonesian context, where significant underdiagnosis and missed opportunities within mass drug administration programs perpetuate transmission. Key implementation barriers spanning diagnostics, policy, and health systems are identified. To address this, the review argues for a strategic paradigm shift: ivermectin must be reenvisioned from a curative agent to a cornerstone of preventative public health. Achieving this requires definitive guideline integration, targeted preventive strategies, and multi-sectoral collaboration