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Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma
Published by Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya
ISSN : 19782071     EISSN : 25805967     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma (JIKW) is a periodically scientific publication that contains articles written in Indonesia or english. JIKW receive articles in the scope of Biomedical Sciences, degenerative diseases, infections, congenital abnormalities and public health. JIKW published twice a year. The articles will be published in JIKW only manuscript that has never be published or published in other journal. Writers who will publish the article please follow the JIKW guidelines. The entire management process both admission and review the article is done by online.
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Articles 429 Documents
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Association of Low-Birthweight Incidence with Hemoglobin Levels in Pregnant Women at Puskesmas Demangan, Madiun In 2022 Noveriera, Adinda Ayu; Sahadewa, Sukma; Andiani, Andiani
Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): MARET 2025
Publisher : Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30742/jikw.v14i1.3761

Abstract

Background: The incidence of low birth weight babies (LBW) is important because it is an indicator to measure a child's health status, and until now it is still one of the health problems generally faced by developing countries, including Indonesia. One of the risk factors for LBW is the level of hemoglobin (Hb). Hemoglobin is a parameter that is widely used to determine the prevalence of anemia. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between hemoglobin levels of pregnant women and the incidence of low birth weight babies. Method: The research method used a cross-sectional design with a sample size of 49 respondents who were taken by simple random sampling method after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria at the Ngegong, Mangunharjo and Demangan Health Centers, Madiun City. Result: Data obtained through the patient's medical record. Data analysis in this study using the Chi Square test obtained a p- value of 0.02 <0.05 and OR = 0.75. Conclusion: So it can be concluded that there is a relationship between low hemoglobin levels and the incidence of low birth weight, where low hemoglobin levels have a 0.75 times higher risk of experiencing LBW. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient value of 0.445 indicates the strength of the relationship between these two variables in the moderate category.
Antibacterial Effectiveness of White Champaca Flower (Michelia alba dc) Against Growth of Corynebacterium diphtheriae Putri, Tiara Nandita; Budianto, Nugroho Eko Wirawan; Tjandra, Lusiani
Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): MARET 2025
Publisher : Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30742/jikw.v14i1.3923

Abstract

Background: Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a bacterium that attacks the respiratory tract, especially the larynx, tonsils, and throat. These bacteria can release toxins that can cause diphtheria. One of the nutritious plants that people often use is the white Champaca flower, or Michelia alba. Objective: This study aimed to examine the antibacterial effectiveness of white champaca flower (Michelia alba dc) against the growth of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Methods: Experimental research method with post-test only control group design using Cup-plate technique of ethanol extract of white Champaca flower (Micheia alba) in various concentrations (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%) and Erythromycin as a positive control and aquades as a negative control. Results: The results of this research are that the minimum inhibitory concentration against the growth of Corynebacterium diphtheriae bacteria at a 20% concentration is 42.16 mm, the concentration of 40% is 47.21 mm, the concentration of 60% is 51.66mm, while at the concentration of 80% the average diameter of the inhibitory zone is 54.49 mm and also at the concentration of 100% the average diameter of the inhibition zone is 54.69 mm which is the average diameter of the largest inhibition zone. The negative control with an inhibitory zone diameter of 0 mm, while the positive control with an inhibitory zone diameter of 44.21 mm. Conclusion: White Champaca flower extract (Michelia alba dc) had antibacterial effectiveness against the growth of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and at a concentration of 100% it is the most effective concentration in inhibiting the growth of Corynebacterium diphtheriae bacteria. 
Analyzing the Research Trend of Vitiligo in Dermatology From 1963 until 2023: A Bibliometric Analysis Kinanti, Hapsari
Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): MARET 2025
Publisher : Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30742/jikw.v14i1.3934

Abstract

Background: Vitiligo is one of the most common skin pigmentation disorders, which could significantly impact the possessor’s quality of life. Scholars have devoted considerable effort to advance the understanding of vitiligo but until now the treatment modalities often fall into a suboptimal condition. There are abundance of scientific updates which challenges healthcare providers to catch up with all the vast knowledge. Objective: This study aims to provide a global picture of vitiligo research and the trend of vitiligo research. Methods: This study was a bibliometric analysis study that used Scopus as the primary article database. A total of 1374 articles were analyzed using VOSviewer and Biblioshiny. Result: There was an increasing number of vitiligo articles published annually from 1963 until 2023. The most productive counties were United States of America, India, and the United Kingdom. There were four major global vitiligo research topics including epidemiology, psychology, conventional treatment, and advanced treatment. Evaluating the psychological aspects of vitiligo patients using DLQI (Dermatological Life Quality Index) is one of the recent research topics. The treatment for vitiligo shifting towards on targeting specific molecular, such as biological agents and janus kinase inhibitors. Understanding the pathogenesis of vitiligo is needed to find a better treatment modality that is specific, effective, and has minimum adverse effects. Conclusion: Current global research efforts in vitiligo shifting towards the modality of treatment that targeting specific molecular based on the pathogenesis, with also encompassing the management psychological aspect to ensure better quality of life of the possessors.
Threshold Value of Blood Procalcitonin for the Diagnosis of Bacterial Meningitis in Children : A Systematic Review Christela, Fransiska; ., Benedicta; ., Christopher
Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): MARET 2025
Publisher : Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30742/jikw.v14i1.3957

Abstract

Introduction: Bacterial meningitis has a high mortality rate in children. Bacterial meningitis is diagnosed through medical history, physical and laboratory examinations, and mainly cerebrospinal fluid analysis through lumbar puncture (LP). The procedure on children might be challenging due to the multiple adverse effects; not all children comply with the procedure. There are studies with different blood biomarkers for the diagnosis because it is simple and less invasive in children. Objective: This review focused on the blood Procalcitonin (PCT) threshold value as a promising blood biomarker that might be useful for diagnosing bacterial meningitis in children. Methods: Literature search across 3 databases, Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, used PICO framework to structure the search, following the PRISMA standards. Of 759 articles, 11 articles met the criteria inclusion: children with meningitis under 18 years old, shows procalcitonin cut-off value and have lumbar puncture performed, sensitivity and specificity reported, in English. Exclusion criteria:  studies of systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and literature reviews, as well as the value of blood procalcitonin as part of a scoring system or machine learning model.Results: The analysis of 11 articles reveals a blood PCT cut-off value of 0.2 to 10 ng/ml, with sensitivity ranging from 24% to 100% and specificity ranging from 63% to 94%. Conclusions: Blood PCT helps diagnose bacterial meningitis, especially for children who are not eligible for LP procedures. The blood PCT levels between 0.2 and 5 ng/mL showed a sensitivity of over 85%. The cut-off value with 100% sensitivity was found to be 2 ng/mL. A cut-off value exceeding 5 ng/mL demonstrated a specificity of over 90%.
Relationship of HbA1c, Hematocrit, Erythrocytes, MCV in Type 2 Diabetes at Husada Utama Hospital, Surabaya Anggraeni, Devina; Suhartati, Suhartati; Yaniari, Roethmia
Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): SEPTEMBER 2025
Publisher : Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30742/jikw.v14i2.3962

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a prevalent endocrine disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. Hematological parameters such as Hematocrit (Hct), Erythrocyte Count (RBC), and Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) have been linked to the pathological mechanisms and complications of DM. This study investigates the relationship between glycemic control status (based on HbA1c results) and these hematological parameters in type 2 DM patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 43 type 2 DM patients from Husada Utama Hospital, Surabaya. Data, including HbA1c, Hct, RBC, and MCV values, were collected from patient medical records. Results: The Spearman Rank test results between glycemic control status (HbA1c) and hematocrit in type 2 DM patients showed p=0.013 with r=0.374, indicating a significant moderate positive correlation (r = 0.3 to 0.5, p < 0.05). The Spearman Rank test results between glycemic control status (HbA1c) and erythrocyte count showed p=0.008 with r=0.402, also indicating a significant moderate positive correlation (r = 0.3 to 0.5, p < 0.05). However, the Spearman Rank test results between glycemic control status (HbA1c) and MCV showed p=0.052 with r=-0.302, indicating a moderate negative correlation (r = -0.3 to -0.5) that is not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: There is a notable relationship between glycemic control and hematological parameters in type 2 DM patients. Poor glycemic control is associated with significant variations in Hct, RBC, and MCV levels, highlighting the importance of monitoring these parameters in managing diabetes complications.
Modulated Hepatic Expression of NF-kB and CCN1 Genes in a Breast Cancer Mouse Model Induced by DMBA and High-Fat Diet Martantiningtyas, Demes Chornelia; Sariwidyantry, Raden Ghita; Ratnawati, Hana; Wargasetya, Teresa Lilliana; Sanjaya, Ardo
Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): MARET 2025
Publisher : Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30742/jikw.v14i1.4002

Abstract

Background: The study investigates the combined effects of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and a high-fat diet (HFD) on hepatic gene expression in a breast cancer mouse model. Both DMBA and HFD are associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis, which may contribute to cancer progression.Methods: Female C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups: standard diet (ND), ND + DMBA, and HFD + DMBA. Mice in the ND + DMBA and HFD + DMBA groups received DMBA injections weekly for six weeks. The HFD + DMBA group was also fed a high-fat diet for four weeks prior to DMBA administration. After a 12-week treatment period, liver tissues were collected and analyzed for NF-κB and CCN1/CYR61 gene expression using semi-quantitative RT-PCR.Results: The study revealed significant upregulation of NF-κB and CCN1/CYR61 expression in the ND + DMBA and HFD + DMBA groups compared to the control group. Notably, the HFD + DMBA group exhibited the highest expression levels of these genes, suggesting that the combination of HFD and DMBA synergistically exacerbates hepatic inflammation and fibrosis.Conclusion: The findings indicate that a high-fat diet in combination with carcinogen exposure can significantly enhance hepatic gene expression related to inflammation and fibrosis, highlighting the importance of dietary management in cancer prevention and treatment. 
Risk of Blindness in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Case Report Ayu, Miranti Laras; Idrus, Elfa Ali
Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30742/jikw.v15i1.4032

Abstract

Background: Peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK) is a serious inflammatory disorder of the juxtalimbal corneal stroma, characterized by epithelial defects, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and progressive thinning of the stroma, potentially resulting in vision loss. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common systemic autoimmune condition linked to non-infectious PUK, responsible for about 34% of cases, with nearly half exhibiting bilateral involvement. Objective: This case report presents a patient with bilateral PUK associated with RA and highlights the importance of early diagnosis and timely management to prevent vision loss. Case presentation: A 43-year-old female presented with a 12-month history of blurred vision and progressive ocular pain. Physical inspection revealed a skin rash, swan neck deformity, boutonniere deformity, and hallux valgus on both legs. Ocular examination showed a crescent-shaped peripheral corneal ulcer with an epithelized iris prolapse in the right eye, and nasal corneal thinning with peripheral ulceration in the left eye. Irregular pupils and distinct lens morphology were also noted. Serological tests were positive for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and rheumatoid factor (RF). Result: The patient was diagnosed with RA-associated PUK and started on systemic and topical corticosteroids. Treatment led to initial improvement in ocular inflammation and stabilization of corneal structure. Conclusion: RA is the most frequently associated autoimmune condition in PUK. Early recognition of systemic autoimmune disease in patients with peripheral corneal ulcers is critical. Timely multidisciplinary management involving internists and ophthalmologists can preserve vision and improve patient outcomes.
Case Series: Confirmed Diphtheria at Sulianti Saroso Infection Center Hospital in The Post-pandemic Period Nugroho, Anita Puspitasari Dyah; Herlina, Herlina; Hendrawati, Nunung; Aliza, Nur; Hartono, Teguh Sarry; Widiantari, Aninda Dinar; Murtiani, Farida
Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): MARET 2025
Publisher : Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30742/jikw.v14i1.4121

Abstract

Background: Diphtheria vaccine coverage decreased during the Covid-19 pandemic. Diphtheria is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheria, which infects the upper respiratory system and produces toxins circulating in the body. The disease was fatal, with a mortality rate higher in children. This study described a case series of confirmed hospitalised diphtheria patients at Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital (SSIDH) eighteen months post-pandemic. Objective: to describe epidemiological characteristics, laboratory examinations and outcomes of hospitalised diphtheria patients at SSIDH from January 1st, 2022, to June 31st,2023. Case Presentation: We reported ten confirmed diphtheria cases based on RT-PCR and clinical and epidemiological diagnosis. Of the ten cases, nine were children (<18 years old), six were male patients, and five lived in Jakarta. Based on Albert staining, 9 of 10 samples were found to be bacilli, positive-gram bacteria with metachromatic granular. Result: According to the RT-PCR examination, eight cases were confirmed positive for toxigenic diphtheria, five were a mitis subtype, one was a gravis subtype, and the other four were undetected. Based on clinical examination, eight cases were classified as severe diphtheria, five cases included myocarditis, and three patients passed away. Pediatric cases dominated diphtheria cases. RT-PCR examinations are more accurate and specific to finding toxigenic subtypes in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area. Conclusion: The detection of diphtheria cases in adult’s highlights concerns about adult immunity and awareness of vaccination. Vaccination campaigns and booster shots are essential, alongside continuous surveillance and accurate testing to prevent a resurgence of the disease.
Correlation of Serum 25(OH) Vitamin D Levels With TNF-α and Caspase Levels in Sjögren`s Syndrome Patients Susanto, Agus Joko; Sunggoro, Agus Jati; Wati, Fatna Andika
Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma Vol. 14 No. 1 (2025): MARET 2025
Publisher : Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30742/jikw.v14i1.4136

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is known to cause changes in disease pathogenesis in primary Sjögren's syndrome related to its immunological effects. Objective: This study aims to determine the correlation between serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels and TNF-α and caspase levels in Sjögren's syndrome patients. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study involving 34 Sjögren's syndrome patients aged 18-59 years with vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency and measured levels of TNF-α and caspase. Result: The correlation between 25(OH) vitamin D levels and caspase levels obtained a value of r=-0.581, which means that there is a negative correlation in the moderate category (r=0.400-0.599) between 25(OH) vitamin D levels and caspase levels, and the p-value =<0.001 (p-value<0.05). The correlation between 25(OH) vitamin D levels and TNF-α levels obtained a value of r=-0.436, which means that there is a negative correlation in the moderate category (r=0.400-0.599) between 25(OH) vitamin D levels and a decrease in TNF-α, and p-value =<0.001 (p-value<0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant negative relationship between 25(OH) vitamin D levels and TNF-α and caspase levels.
Relationship Between Nutritional Status and Severity of Pneumonia among Children Under Five Rizone, Alifya Shifwah; Meirina, Fathia; Hamdi, Tasrif; Aldy, Fithria
Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): SEPTEMBER 2025
Publisher : Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30742/jikw.v14i2.4145

Abstract

Background. Pneumonia is known as a forgotten pandemic, leading to high morbidity and mortality, especially among children under five years, with nutritional status identified as a risk factor for the disease's incidence. This study aimed to determine the relationship between nutritional status and pneumonia severity in children under five. Methods. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 122 children aged 2-59 months diagnosed with pneumonia based on medical record data from Prof. Dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Medan Hospital from February 2022 - January 2024. The data were obtained with consecutive sampling. Data were analyzed through univariate and bivariate analyses using the chi-square test with SPSS software version 27. Results. Of 122 patients, the majority of patients were aged 12-59 months (64.8%), male (56.6%), had good nutritional status (63.1%), had a high level of life outcomes (98.4%), and had pneumonia (71.4%). Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between nutritional status and pneumonia severity (p < 0,001); PR = 4,3023; CI = 3,449 – 20,338). But there was no relationship between age (p = 0,081; PR = 1,740; CI = 0,989 – 4,963) and gender (p = 1,000; PR = 1,02; CI = 0,468 – 2,283) with severity of pneumonia. Conclusion. There is a significant relationship between nutritional status and severity of pneumonia in children under five. Keywords: Pneumonia, severity, nutritional status, severe pneumonia, children

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