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Diakronika

diakronika
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Published by Universitas Negeri Padang

ISSN : 14111764 EISSN : 26209446 DOI : https://doi.org/10.24036/diakronika/

Core Subject : Humanities, Education, Social,

Humanities Education Social Sciences

Diakronika accepts and contains articles that focus on the results of scientific studies and the results of research on history and education (learning) history. The results of the study contribute to the understanding, development of scientific theories and concepts, and their application in education and history in Indonesia and the world. Diakronika scales include studies of Indonesian history and world history, and educational studies in the form of subject matter, strategies, media, learning models, as well as historical learning evaluations.

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Articles 106 Documents

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Persebaran Penyakit di Kawasan Laut Jawa Abad XIX - XX Didik Pradjoko; Imas Emalia
Diakronika Vol 21 No 2 (2021): DIAKRONIKA
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

This article discussed about the process of diseases spreading along the Java Sea area during the 19th and the early 20th century. This study utilized historical method with an aim to reconstruct past events, especially on the outbreaks happened in the Java Sea area and how the colonial governmnet dealt with the occurrence. The article applied Braudel’s structural theory (1988) to analyze the existence of structures, which were taking a role in the process of diseases spreading. This analysis was supported by the concept of ‘silent barter’, developed by Knapen (1995) as a benchmark to determine factors that caused the spread. The results allowed us to discover that the dynamics of shipping and trading in the Java Sea at that time were part of the whole pandemic situation. There were at least two diseases discussed as the main focus of this article, smallpox and cholera, as these two severely affected the trading and shipping activity. These diseases were carried by the crews of ships escaping the quarantine doctors who carried out medical examination at various ports. Several ports in Java, such as Batavia, Semarang, Cirebon, and Surabaya, had become the epicenters of the outbreak. The government applied a regulation to attached a yellow flag to the ship contaminated by the plague before they entered the port area. The yellow flag functioned as an identifying marker. The regulation was supposed to limit the spread of diseases from the coastal area of Java to the mainland, as well as to gain more attention from other ships and doctors resided near the ports. The yellow flag system made it easier for the government and doctors to handle smallpox and cholera outbreaks, even though there had been some aberrations in economic activities in this area.

Peran Rukun Keluarga dalam Tradisi Kumawus Masyarakat Kelurahan Walian Kecamatan Tomohon Selatan Yohanes Burdam; Eka Yuliana Rahman; Aksilas Dasfordate
Diakronika Vol 22 No 1 (2022): DIAKRONIKA
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Abstract (Bahasa Inggris) This article is explain and analyze form of contribution of family pillars in the implementation of the kumawus tradition and identify and analyze the factors that underlie the involvement of the family pillars in the implementation of the kumawus tradition in the grieving family of the Walian village community in South Tomohon sub-district, Tomohon city. used a qualitative descriptive approach (qualitative approach) while the data collection methods, namely: observation, interviews, documentation, and literature study. data analysis using Miles and Huberman interactive model analysis. From the results of the study, it can be seen that the role of family pillars is not only carried out when the kumawus tradition is carried out in grieving families. But the role of family pillars has been carried out at the time of a bereavement to one of the grieving family members. In the implementation of the kumawus tradition for grieving families, the role of harmony is carried out by women and men starting from preparing additional mourning tents, preparing materials that will be processed into food and drink ingredients, serving guests on Sundays when the kumawus tradition is carried out. The family pillars also provide financial assistance from the harmonious organization in addition to financial assistance from each family. Family pillars also provide moral reinforcement to families who are suffering from grief. All the roles of the family rukn are carried out on the basis of the philosophical foundation of "si tou timou tou", the culture of "mapalus" and the motto "torang samua basudara". Keywords: Role, Family Pillars, Kumawus Tradition, Tomohon Community, Walian. Abstrak (Bahasa Indonesia) Penulisan artikel ini untuk menjelaskan dan menganalisis bentuk kontribusi rukun keluarga dalam pelaksanaan tradisi kumawus dan mengidentifikasi serta menganalisis faktor-faktor yang melandasi keterlibatan rukun keluarga dalam pelaksanaan tradisi kumawus pada keluarga berduka masyarakat kelurahan Walian di kecamatan Tomohon Selatan, kota Tomohon, Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian ini digunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif (qualitative approach) sedangkan metode pengumpulan data, yaitu: observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi literatur. Analisis data menggunakan analisis model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Dari hasil kajian diperoleh gambaran bahwa peran rukun keluarga bukan saja dilakukan pada saat dilaksanakan tradisi kumawus pada keluarga berduka. Tetapi peran rukun keluarga telah dilakukan pada waktu terjadi musibah duka pada salah satu anggota keluarga yang berduka. Dalam pelaksanaan tradisi kumawus pada keluarga berduka, peran rukun dilakukan kaum perempuan dan laki-laki mulai dari mempersiapkan tambahan tenda duka, persiapan bahan-bahan yang akan diolah menjadi bahan makan dan minum, layani tamu pada hari Minggu ketika dilaksanakan tradisi kumawus. Rukun keluarga juga memberikan bantuan uang dari organisasi rukun selain bantuan uang dari masing-masing keluarga. Rukun keluarga juga turut memberikan penguatan moral kepada keluarga yang sedang dirundung duka. Semua peran rukn keluarga ini dilaksanakan atas dasar landasan filosofi “si tou timou tou”, budaya ‘mapalus” dan semboyan “torang samua basudara”. Kata Kunci: Peran, Rukun Keluarga, Tradisi Kumawus, Masyarakat Tomohon, Walian.

MEDIA KATALOG DIGITAL UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 Fahmi Nur Ramadhan; Sunardi Sunardi; Akhmad Arif Musadad
Diakronika Vol 21 No 2 (2021): DIAKRONIKA
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Abstract Various new problems emerged after history learning which is currently carried out online due to the Covid-19 virus pandemic. Thes new problems make the promblems in history learning more diverse after conventional history learning also experiences many problems. Various problems that arise in online history learning such as students who are easily bored and tired, student who increasingly do not understand the material presented, students who are inceasingly not interested in online history learning, students do not always pay attention and are not easy to monitor after learning online history. The purpose of this research is to overcome various problems that occur due to online history learning through the use of the Digital History Catalog learning media. This study uses a research method in the form of descriptive qualitative research. The result showed that uses of appropriate, innovative, interactive learning media and being able to adapt to online learning was needed both by students and by the teachers themselves. Media such as the Digital History Catalog can overcome the problems that occur due to online history learning. Digital History Catalog Media can adjust the material to be delivered according to those listed in the KI and KD of history learning. Keywords: History Learning, Covid-19 Pandemic, History Digital Catalog. Abstrak Berbagai permasalahan baru muncul setelah pembelajaran sejarah yang saat ini dilakukan secara online akibat terjadinya pandemi virus Covid-19. Masalah-masalah baru tersebut membuat masalah dalam pembelajaran sejarah semakin beragam setelah pembelajaran sejarah secara konvensional pun mengalami banyak permasalahan. Berbagai masalah yang muncul dalam pembelajaran sejarah online seperti misalnya siswa yang mudah cepat bosan dan lelah, siswa yang semakin tidak paham tentang materi yang disampaikan, siswa yang tidak tertarik dengan pembelajaran sejarah online, siswa tidak selalu memperhatikan dan tidak mudah untuk dipantau setelah dilakukannya pembelajaran sejarah online. Tujuan dari penelitian yang dilakukan ini ialah untuk mengatasi berbagai permasalah yang terjadi akibat pembelajaran sejarah online melalui sebuah penggunaan media pembelajaran Katalog Digital Sejarah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian berupa penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan media pembelajaran yang tepat, inovatif, dan interakitf serta mampu menyesuaikan dengan pembelajaran online sangat dibutuhkan baik oleh siswa maupun oleh guru sendiri. Media seperti Katalog Digital Sejarah dapat mengatasi permasalahan-permasalahan yang terjadi akibat pembelajaran sejarah online. Media Katalog Digital Sejarah dapat menyesuaikan materi yang akan disampaikan sesuai dengan yang tercantum dalam KI dan KD pembelajaran sejarah. Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Sejarah; Pandemi Covid-19; Katalog Digital Sejarah

The The Presentation Quality of Indonesian High School History Textbooks During the New Order Administrative and After (1975-2008) Victor Novianto; Hieronymus Purwanta; Bayu Ananto Wibowo
Diakronika Vol 22 No 1 (2022): DIAKRONIKA
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

This study aimed to analyze the presentation quality of history textbooks used for the national curriculum 1975-2008. The function of the Presentation is to develop students' independent learning. The method used in this study is content analysis. Contents of the history textbooks were analyzed and assessed for presentation aspects using the textbook criteria developed by the Board of National Standards for Education. The result shows that attention for Presentation began on history textbooks for the 1984 curriculum and grew in the following periods of curriculums. The presentation aspects of the history textbook achieved their peak on the 2006 curriculum, where the Board established textbook criteria in selecting textbooks for Indonesian schools. One of the criteria was presentation aspects

Model Pembelajaran Value Clarification Technique (VCT) dalam Meningkatkan Kesadaran Sejarah Peserta Didik Riza Umami; Nurul Umamah; Sumardi Sumardi; Riza Afita Surya
Diakronika Vol 22 No 1 (2022): DIAKRONIKA
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Historical awareness is a demand that needs to be achieved in history learning in the 4.0 era by implementing paradigma mereka belajar and the 2013 curriculum. The low historical awareness of the younger generation in the 4.0 era can be seen from the implementation of learning history in school. This is in line with the results of the questionnaire in three schools which showed the low awareness of the history of students, as follows; 59.42% for SMAN 4 Jember, 50.33% for SMAN 1 Tanggul and 58.66% for SMAN 2 Tanggul. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of the Value Clarification Technique (VCT) model in increasing students' historical awareness. This type of research uses qualitative experimental research. The sample of this study was 98 students from class XI of SMAN 1 Tanggul, SMAN 2 Tanggul, and SMAN 4 Jember. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The results of this study indicate an increase in students' historical awareness which can be seen from the four historical awareness indicators, as follows; (1) 74.36%; (2) 86.40%; (3) 73.51% and (4) 72.39%. Based on this research, the researcher suggests educators to create a history learning environment that provides freedom to express themselves, respect each other, be responsible and utilize technology by paying attention to the historical awareness of students and being innovative in choosing the learning model to be implemented.

Nilai-Nilai Kearifan Lokal Kesenian Gaok Sebagai Sumber Pembelajaran Sejarah Imas Siti Masitoh; Ajat Sudrajat
Diakronika Vol 22 No 1 (2022): DIAKRONIKA
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Abstract Gaok art is an art in the form of an oral tradition in the Kulur Village community which contains a description of the social and cultural life of the community in the past. This study aims to explore the values of local wisdom contained in the art of Gaok in Kulur Village, Majalengka District and describes its potential as a source of historical learning. The research method used in this research was qualitative ethnograpghy with data collected through literature study, interviews, and observations. The results obtained indicate that there are local wisdom values in the art of Gaok, namely religious, social, language, knowledge, economic, technology, and artistic. These values can be used as a source of learning Indonesian history at the 10th grade of senior high school level. The integration of the local wisdom values of Gaok art as a source of historical learning is very important in order to build historical awareness and instill good characteristics in students, especially in the Majalengka area, to allow them to become civilized people who shall not abandon their local culture. Keywords: Gaok Art, Local Wisdom Values, Historical Learning Resources. Abstrak Kesenian gaok merupakan kesenian berupa tradisi lisan masyarakat Desa Kulur yang di dalamnya berisi mengenai gambaran kehidupan sosial dan budaya masyarakatnya pada masa lampau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali nilai-nilai kearifan lokal yang terdapat dalam kesenian gaok di Desa Kulur, Kecamatan Majalengka dan mendeskripsikan potensinya sebagai sumber pembelajaran sejarah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif etnografi dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui studi kepustakaan, wawancara, dan observasi. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa terdapat nilai-nilai kearifan lokal dalam kesenian gaok, yaitu nilai religi, sosial, bahasa, pengetahuan, ekonomi, teknologi, dan seni. Nilai-nilai tersebut dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber pembelajaran sejarah Indonesia pada jenjang SMA/MA kelas X. Pengintegrasian nilai-nilai kearifan lokal kesenian gaok sebagai sumber pembelajaran sejarah sangatlah penting guna membangun kesadaran sejarah dan membina karakter peserta didik khususnya di daerah Majalengka agar menjadi manusia beradab yang tidak meninggalkan budaya lokalnya. Kata Kunci: Kesenian Gaok, Nilai-Nilai Kearifan Lokal, Sumber Pembalajaran Sejarah.

Konsep Pendidikan Kepemimpinan Berbasis Tradisi: Telaah Etnopedagogi pada Tembang Tradisional Gundul-Gundul Pacul Kholid Irsani; Aman Aman; Saefur Rochmat
Diakronika Vol 22 No 1 (2022): DIAKRONIKA
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Leadership education is one of the principles in the development of a nation. Various paradigms and theories of leadership have come from various backgrounds. This study focuses on examining the concept of tradition-based leadership education contained in the gundul-gundul pacul song. This study uses a qualitative research method with a literature approach to examine and integrate the concept of leadership contained in gundul-gundul pacul song with the concept of contemporary leadership education. This study found that song of gundul-gundul pacul has various concepts that are ideal to be applied in contemporary leadership ethnopedagogy because they have similarities in various factors such as communication, discipline knowledge, and problem solving.

Ketika Air Menggenangi Pemukiman: BANJIR DAN PENANGGULANGANNYA DI MADIUN, 1940-1989 Sarkawi B. Husain
Diakronika Vol 22 No 2 (2022): DIAKRONIKA
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Artikel ini mengkaji mengenai bencana banjir yang melanda Madiun pada tahun 1940-1989. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah. Dalam artikel ini, diketahui bahwa banjir di Madiun telah terjadi secara rutin jauh sebelum masa reformasi. Hal itu disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, tidak hanya kondisi alam, tetapi juga aktivitas manusia. Salah satu faktor dominan yang menjadi penyebab banjir adalah curah hujan. Selain curah hujan, banjir disebabkan karena adanya anak sungai Bengawan Solo, yakni Kali Madiun. Setiap tahun, terutama ketika musim hujan, Kali Madiun akan mendapat kiriman dari kawasan hulu beserta anak-anak sungainya, sehingga membuat air sungai meluap. Akibat banjir yang rutin terjadi, penduduk Madiun mengalami kerugian, baik material, finansial, maupun korban jiwa. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah berupaya untuk melakukan penanggulangan bencana, di antaranya melalui Proyek Pengembangan Wilayah Sungai Bengawan Solo hingga Madiun River Urgent Flood Control Project (MRUFCP).

Strategi Pengembangan Pembelajaran Sejarah Masa Pendudukan Jepang di Indonesia Berbasis Diorama Museum di Sekolah Muhammad Iqbal Birsyada; Dhiniaty Gularso; Muhammad Fairuzabadi
Diakronika Vol 22 No 1 (2022): DIAKRONIKA
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Strategi serta upaya dalam mengajarkan sekaligus memahamkan materi sejarah pada pokok bahasan kependudukan Jepang yang diajarkan di kelas XI dengan Kompetensi Dasarnya adalah (1) menganalisis sifat pendudukan Jepang dan respon bangsa Indonesia, (2) menganalisis peran tokoh-tokoh nasional dan daerah dalam memperjuangkan kemerdekaan Indonesia. Pada tataran praksis masih banyak guru sejarah mengalami hambatan dalam setiap pembelajaran karena sulitnya menggambarkan lokasi serta visualisasi sejarah. Oleh sebab itu diperlukan sebuah strategi bagaimana mengajarkan peserta didik dalam memahami sejarah kependudukan Jepang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap sekaligus menjelaskan bagaimana museum dapat menginformasikan tentang sejarah kependudukan Jepang sehingga dapat meningkatkan pemahaman peserta didik dalam tiap pembelajaran sejarah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian literatur yang dipadukan dengan sumber-sumber media dalam bentuk diorama museum. Melalui pemanfaatan sumber sejarah dapat dianalisis secara kritis, intepretatif sehingga menghasilkan historiografi untuk kepentingan pembelajaran sejarah. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijelaskan bahwa dalam strategi pengembangan media pembelajaran, museum dapat dipakai sebagai salah satu sarana media pembelajaran sejarah yang interaktif. Diantara museum yang dapat dipakai adalah museum Benteng Vredeburg. Hal ini karena museum menawarkan berbagai sisi yang kompleks dan komperhernsif khusunya dalam hal visualisasi, intepretasi dan generasi dalam mengggambarkan sebuah peristiwa sejarah. Dengan demikian dalam pembelajaran sejarah materi pendudukan Jepang perlu adanya penguatan penggunaan media pembelajaran menggunakan museum.

Memotret Pembelajaran Sejarah Daring di SMA Kota Bandung Pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19 Murdiyah Winarti; Yani Kusmarni; Tarunasena Makmur; Iing Yulianti
Diakronika Vol 22 No 2 (2022): DIAKRONIKA
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Online learning activities (on the network) have become an option for the Ministry of Education and Culture to prevent the spread of the Covid-19 virus from expanding. This study aims to photograph or describe the process of learning history online by looking at all the learning tools prepared by the teacher and their implementation in online learning. This research was conducted in several high schools in Bandung, using a descriptive method, and the subjects were high school teachers. Meanwhile, data collection techniques were designed in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation studies. From the results of this study, it was obtained an overview of how the implementation of online history learning in high school, which was neglected by the study program to prepare students to face the challenges of this pandemic. If this rapid change is not responded to with good preparation, you can experience stuttering in dealing with it, especially in the learning process in virtual classes.

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Contact Name
Firza

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firza1814@gmail.com

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Journal Mail Official
diakronika@ppj.unp.ac.id

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Kota padang,

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INDONESIA