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INDONESIA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 19783019     EISSN : 20864094     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,091 Documents
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Osteological Development of Yellow Rasbora Fish Rasbora lateristriata (Bleeker, 1854) Treated with Mangosteen Garcinia mangostana L. Peel Simplicia Paramita, Pradnya; Khasanah, Luthfia Uswatun; Retnoaji, Bambang
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.6.1663-1673

Abstract

Mangosteen peel simplicia (Garcinia mangostana L.) contains potential ingredients used in medicine. A toxicity test of mangosteen peel simplicia is needed before it is used. Wader pari (Rasbora lateristriata) is a potential animal model for toxicity testing. Thus, this study aims to determine the effect of mangosteen peel extract at various concentrations on the behavior and bone structure of R. lateristriata. In this research, fish behavior was observed at 48 hpf (hours post-fertilization) and 30 dpf (days post-fertilization). Bone structure observed at 96 hpf, 7 dpf, 14 dpf, 21 dpf, 28 dpf, 35 dpf, and 42 dpf using the Alizarin Red ‒ Alcian Blue method. Observation data on behavior and bone structure were analyzed descriptively, while the number of vertebrae was analyzed quantitatively using One-Way ANOVA (P < 0.05). The results showed that the ossification of cranium and caudal complex skeleton components in the 1 and 5 μg/mL treatments was significantly behind that of the control and 0.5 μg/mL treatments. Furthermore, 5 μg/mL treatment caused some behavioral and swimming pattern abnormalities in 48 hpf larvae. In conclusion, exposure to 1 and 5 μg/mL mangosteen peel simplicia resulted in skeletal growth inhibition in R. lateristriata. Exposure to 5 μg/mL mangosteen peel simplicia caused abnormalities in the behavior and swimming pattern of 48 hpf larvae.
Isolation and Characterization of Plant-Derived Exosome-Like Nanoparticles (PDEN) from Sapodilla Fruit (Manilkara zapota) as an Antioxidant Agent in 1BR3 Cell Line Noeng, Anastasia; Barlian, Anggraini
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.6.1654-1662

Abstract

Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PDENs) have emerged as promising natural nanocarriers with potential applications in biomedicine and cosmetics due to their biocompatibility, stability, and intrinsic bioactivity. The objective of this research is to isolate, characterize, and analyze the effects of MZ-PDENs on 1BR3 cells. MZ-PDENs were isolated using filtration, differential centrifugation, and polymer-based precipitation. MZ-PDENs were characterized for their physiochemical properties, size, shape, and antioxidant activity. In vitro, bioactivities were conducted by measured cytotoxicity, proliferation assays, UVB protection, and migration assays. Results showed that MZ-PDENs possess strong antioxidant properties, are efficiently internalized by cells, and promote skin cell regeneration after UVB-induced damage. These findings suggest that MZ-PDENs have the potential as antioxidant agents for cosmeceutical applications and warrant further investigation in vivo models.
Comparative Analysis of the Age, Gender, and Ferritin Levels with Hepcidin in Iraqi Patients Suffering Beta Thalassemia (Major and Intermedia) A. Al-Husseiny, Istabraq; Al-Jumaili, Essam F.
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.6.1518-1528

Abstract

Beta thalassemia is a hereditary, autosomal recessive blood condition. The present investigation aims to assess the relationship between ferritin and hepcidin serum levels, age, and gender in patients with β-thalassemia major (βTM) and β-thalassemia intermedia (βTI). Two groups of 100 patients, including 39 females and 61 males, were identified: 73 patients had (βTM), and 27 had range spans. The age range spans from 1 to 46 years. The patients were registered at the Al-Krama Teaching Hospital, Hereditary Blood Disorder Center, Baghdad, between June 2023 and April 2024. The study's control group consisted of 50 healthy individuals in similar age groups. Human ELISA kits were used to measure the amounts of serum ferritin and hepcidin. The mean age of the βTM and βTI patients differed significantly from that of the control groups (p-value 0.001). Gender-wise, males were more affected than females in the βTM and βTI groups. The Hb concentration was much lower in the patient's blood samples. The Ferritin with hepcidin concentrations in the serum of βTM and βTI showed a significant difference at the 0.001 level. The control had the lowest value. The current study's findings demonstrated elevated blood levels of hepcidin and Ferritin in the βTM and βTI groups, with the βTI group showing noticeably higher levels.
Crucial Habitats for the Spangled Ebony Langur: The Role of Former Production Forests in Alas Purwo National Park Maulahila, Haikal Idris; Rianti, Puji; Rahman, Dede Aulia
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.6.1485-1506

Abstract

Land use conversion into production forests has led to habitat degradation for primates. On the other hand, most primates have started adapting to the presence of these habitats and have forced conservation efforts to focus on the production forests. Our study at the Kucur Resort, Alas Purwo National Park, reported the population estimates using distance sampling, composition and diversity of vegetation, and habitat suitability of Trachypithecus auratus using multi-algorithm approach in former production forests consisting of jungle and rehabilitation zones. Our study estimated the population density of T. auratus at around 1.29 individuals per km2. We found an association between the number of encounters and the diversity of vegetation in each zone, although it was dominated by Tectona grandis. In addition, we predict that the area of suitable habitat is always smaller than the unsuitable habitat and suggest the model from Boosted Regression Tree as a management reference. We assume that the presence of T. auratus in this habitat is influenced by food availability, distance from settlements, and slope. This study provides reliable information on the potential of reforesting production forests as a habitat for T. auratus and deserve conservation attention.
Real-time PCR-based Detection of Foodborne Pathogen Cronobacter sakazakii DNA in Infant Formula Milk with Specific Targeting on the hfq Gene Nurjayadi, Muktiningsih; Juliansyah, Dandy Akbar; Declan, Jefferson Lynford; Putri, Gladys Indira; Krisdawati, Ismaya; Rahmawati, Atikah Nur; Azzahra, Maharanianska; Maulana, Irvan; Putri, Gusti Angieta; Kurniadewi, Fera; Kartika, Irma Ratna; Saamia, Vira; Wiranatha, I Made; Abomoelak, Bassam; El-Enshasy, Hesham Ali
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.6.1597-1607

Abstract

Cronobacter sakazakii has been linked to cause meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and sepsis in infants and newborns, with case fatality rates ranging from 40 to 80%. The most common source of infection has been identified as Cronobacter sakazakii-contaminated infant formula. With a relatively specific target hfq gene, this study aims to develop a real-time PCR method to identify Cronobacter sakazakii in infant formula milk. Real-time PCR is used as a detection method because rt- PCR has higher specificity and sensitivity compared to conventional PCR methods. The real-time PCR method also has a higher level of effectiveness and time efficiency compared to conventional PCR. Cronobacter sakazakii ATCC 29544 genomic DNA was isolated and used in a real-time PCR assay. Cronobacter sakazakii DNA was amplified using a primer targeting the hfq gene, yielding a 145 bp amplicon. The results of the real-time PCR test showed that Cronobacter sakazakii DNA with a concentration of 53 ng/µL could be amplified by the primer pairs of hfq gene with Ct values of 11 respectively then had Tm values of 81.7°C±0.5. The specificity test showed that the hfq primer pairs could differentiate between the target and some non-target bacteria. The sensitivity test showed the ability of the primer to detect the smallest concentration of 3.392 pg/µL with a Ct of 26.16. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the hfq primer has the potential to be used as a fast detection method for Cronobacter sakazakii bacteria in infant formula using real-time PCR.
Genetic Diversity of Black Pepper in Bangka Island Based on SSR Markers Prayoga, Gigih Ibnu; Salmi; Saputra, Herry Marta; Mustikarini, Eries Dyah; Derajat, Alfan
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.1.8-15

Abstract

The Bangka Belitung Islands Province is a major centre of black pepper production in Indonesia. Black pepper production in Indonesia has dropped, so it needs to be increased using superior varieties. Identifying the genetic diversity of black pepper plants is important for breeding superior varieties. The study's objective was to determine the genetic diversity and relationships of Bangka landrace black pepper using SSR markers. This research was conducted from June to August 2024 at the Biology Laboratory, Universitas Bangka Belitung. The black pepper genotypes used in this study were as follows: Lampung Daun Kecil (LDK), Nyelungkup, Petaling 1, Chunuk, Peremis, Balunijuk 1, Balunijuk 2, and Jerambah Gantung. The SSR markers employed in this study included Psol3, Psol6, Psol9, Psol10, Psol11, Psol17, and Psol19. The genetic relationship of Bangka black pepper was analysed using the UPGMA method. Genetic relationship revealed two main clusters of eight Bangka black pepper genotypes. Cluster I consisted of the Peremis and Balunijuk 2 genotype, while the remaining six genotypes were contained within cluster II. The structure population exhibited two subpopulations, with FST values of 0.30 and 0.61, respectively. The results showed that the seven primers used produced polymorphic (82.1%) and monomorphic (17.9%) bands on eight pepper genotypes. The Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) value of all primers tested was found to be medium, with the exception of Psol9, which exhibited a low PIC value. The average PIC value was 0.32, which is categorized as medium.
Characteristics of Microplastic in Selected Marine Sponges from Pasir Putih Situbondo, East Java, Indonesia Fauziah, Natasya Febriani; Muzaki, Farid Kamal; Fajrinia, Naurah Rizki; Aunurohim, Aunurohim; Saptarini, Dian
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.6.1507-1517

Abstract

Microplastics (MPs) are global concern due to their presence in various ecosystems and their tendency to have a negative impact on organisms. MPs are plastic fragments with a small size ranging from >1 μm to <5 mm, which are easily ingested by marine organisms, including marine sponges. As filter-feeding organisms, sponges can accumulate MPs in their bodies. This study aims to analyze the physical and chemical characteristics and the abundance of MPs in seawater and sponges. Three species of marine sponges (Xestospongia testudinaria/XT, Aaptos suberitoides/AS, and Clathria sp./CR) with ten replicate samples were collected from Batu Lawang reef in Pasir Putih, Situbondo, East Java, Indonesia. MPs samples were also collected from the water column (surface and sea bottom at a depth of ±6-7 m). Analysis of physical characteristics (shape, color, and size) performed using a stereo microscope and Optilab, whilst chemical characteristics (type of polymer) was analyzed using ATR-FTIR. A one-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey's HSD (both at p = 0.05) were performed to determine the difference in MPs density from each species. There was no significant difference in term of density in XT and AS, with average density of 60.6 and 66.9 particles/g wet weight (ww), respectively. The density in CR was significantly higher, with the value of 86.7 particles/g (ww). In the water column, the density was 20-27 particles/L (surface sample) and 37-84 particles/L (sea bottom). All particles dominated by black fragments with sizes ranging from 0 to 60 μm, and the polymer type is polypropylene (PP).
Assessing the Influence of Flowering Plants and Landscape Composition on Host-Parasitoid Food Webs Sataral, Mihwan; Rizali, Akhmad; Winasa, I Wayan; Triwidodo, Hermanu; Buchori, Damayanti
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.6.1551-1563

Abstract

The introduction of flowering plants into agricultural landscapes can significantly impact host-parasitoid food webs, although the extent of these effects varies depending on landscape characteristics. This study examined the effects of habitat manipulation by introducing flowering plants on the complexity of herbivore-parasitoid food webs in agricultural landscapes. Using Shannon diversity, links per species, linkage density, and vulnerability, we assessed the effects of flowers planted in maize fields. Herbivore collections were conducted at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after planting. Bipartite network analysis identified nine host morphospecies (Lepidoptera) in maize fields, revealing eight morphospecies in fields without flowering plants and six in fields with flowering plants. Eight major parasitoids were recorded, with Paratetracnemoidea sp.1 and Telenomus remus dominating fields without flowering plants, whereas T. remus was the most prevalent in fields with flowers. Spodoptera frugiperda emerged as the dominant host in both fields, whereas Lymantriidae sp.2 was present in low numbers in both field types. These results indicate that flowering plants enhance Shannon diversity and linkage density. However, the composition of the surrounding landscape can obscure these benefits, leading to simplified food web structures as the agricultural fields expand. Our findings underscore the significance of landscape context in shaping crop-herbivore-parasitoid interactions, offering valuable insights into sustainable agricultural management practices.
Evaluation of Agronomic Performance and Genetic Diversity in Indonesian Pigmented Rice Using SCoT (Start Codon Targeted) Markers Safitri, Vika Ayu; Fatimah, Fatimah; Wahyu, Yudiwanti; Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning; Mahrup, Mahrup
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.1.103-113

Abstract

Indonesia is rich in biodiversity, including rice (Oryza sativa L.), one of the most important and widely cultivated crops. However, the utilization of local Indonesian rice germplasm in breeding programs remains limited due to the lack of reliable characterization data. Therefore, it’s essential to establish a reliable method to ensure variety protection by breeders. In addition, understanding the relationship between morphological traits and genetic diversity is crucial for a targeted breeding study aimed at evaluating genetic diversity among 12 local rice genotypes from Indonesia through agronomic traits and molecular analysis using start codon targeted (SCoT) markers. Statistical analyses, including cluster and diversity indices, were applied to interpret the data. Characterization was conducted based on the descriptors from The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and Bioversity International, while molecular analysis employed 23 selected SCoT primers. The effectiveness of the markers was assessed through polymorphism percentage, PIC values, and cluster analysis. A polymorphism level of 69% was observed, with PIC values ranging from 0.3610 to 0.4646, suggesting that the SCoT markers used provided adequate informativeness for diversity analysis. The study revealed high genetic variability, with heritable traits and informative SCoT markers, demonstrating their potential for pre-breeding and diversity analysis.  
FTIR-Fingerprinting Spectra Combined with Chemometrics Analysis for Distinguishing Strobilanthes phyllostachya Leaves Extracts and Correlation with Their Antioxidant Activity Rafi, Mohamad; Tohib, Devanka Aulia; Saputra, Agus; Aziz, Zuhelmi; Karomah, Alfi Hudatul
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.6.1584-1591

Abstract

The leaves of Strobilanthes phyllostachya have a long history of use as a herbal medicine, and research has demonstrated that they contain a range of metabolites with antioxidant activity. This study will employ a chemometric approach to analyze the correlation between functional groups from Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra and antioxidant activity. The leaf samples will be extracted with water and ethanol at 30%, 50%, 70%, and ethanol p.a. Moreover, the extracts will be evaluated for their antioxidant activity and analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy. The antioxidant activity measurement results indicate that the 70% ethanol extract of S. phyllostachya exhibits the highest antioxidant activity. The IR spectra of the water and ethanol extracts exhibited slight differences in their patterns. While the spectra of the various ethanol extracts exhibited similarities, their absorption values differed. A principal component analysis with absorbance from the FTIR spectra at wavenumber 3400-2800 and 1800-1000 cm-1 gave a good cluster of different solvent extractions used in this study. The total variation of principal component-1 (PC-1) and PC-2 is 90%. The partial least square regression (PLSR) analysis results were used to correlate the absorbance value of FTIR spectra of S. phyllostachya extract with antioxidant activity. From the PLS-R analysis, we identified a functional group, i.e. carbonyl and hydroxyl, which significantly contributed to the antioxidant activity of the S. phyllostachya extract. The value of the R2 parameter, which assesses the goodness of fit, was found to be 0.9630, indicating that the PLSR model is good.  

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