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INDONESIA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 19783019     EISSN : 20864094     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.
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Articles 1,077 Documents
 101   102   103   104   105 
Modification of the Kato-Katz Diagnosis Technique Using “Canang” Flower Waste Extract as a Staining for Ascaris lumbricoides Eggs Maheswari, Kadek Indira; Janendra, Putu Sathiya Adi; Widnyana, I Komang Tri Yasa; Mahayana, Dewa Gede Putra; Pramesti, Komang Kirana Ardhia; Dwisaputra, Indra; Permasutha, Made Bayu; Wiguna, Nyoman Intan Permatahati; Giri, Made Kurnia Widiastuti
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.1.71-78

Abstract

Helminthiasis, particularly that caused by Ascaris lumbricoides, is a major global health issue, especially in areas with poor sanitation. One method for preventing and controlling Ascaris lumbricoides infection is through identification via the Kato-Katz diagnostic technique. The use of synthetic dyes, such as methylene blue, in the Kato-Katz method raises concerns for both human health and the environment. In humans, methylene blue causes skin irritation, gastrointestinal issues upon ingestion, and systemic effects. Furthermore, its environmental impact includes reducing light penetration and acting as a toxic component in food chains. An alternative approach involves utilizing post-use offerings from Hindu rituals in Bali, known as canang, which consist of flower components such as Impatiens balsamina L. and Tagetes erecta. The natural dyes found in these flowers serve as an alternative to traditional staining methods. This study examined the efficacy of flower extracts as stainings using the cellophane absorption test, helminth egg detection and morphology identification, pH test, and measurement of heavy metal concentration. The dye made from canang flower waste at 3% did not differ much from manufactured stainings. Thus, canang flower waste is a safe alternative.
Effect of Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Flour Diet on Postprandial Blood Sugar Rates and Insulin Resistance in Male Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Diabetes Mellitus Nathasia; Widhiartini, Ida Ayu Alit; Dwipayana, I Made Pande; Wahyuni, Nila; Maratni, Ni Putu Tesi; Hendrayana, Made Agus
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.1.95-102

Abstract

Medical nutrition therapy is essential in diabetes management, especially as diabetes is often linked with aging. Porang tuber flour contains glucomannan, a compound with potential glucose-lowering effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of porang flour feeding frequency on 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPPBG) and HOMA-IR in diabetic rats. Using a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test control group design, 21 male Wistar rats were induced with diabetes via streptozotocin and nicotinamide, then randomly assigned to three groups: G0 (control, given aquadest), G1 (porang flour 300 mg/kg BW daily), and G2 (porang flour 300 mg/kg BW every two days). Five rats died during treatment. Wilcoxon test results showed a difference in 2hPPBG levels between each group before and after treatment. There was no decrease in G0 (p = 0.893), but a decrease in G1 (p = 0.043) and G2 (p = 0.028). The difference between HOMA-IR before and after treatment did not decrease in groups G0 (p = 0.345), G1 (p = 0.138), and G2 (p = 0.249). Post hoc test for 2hPPBG levels between groups showed a significant difference between G0 and G1 (p<0.001), a significant difference between G0 and G2 (p<0.001), and no significant difference between G1 and G2 (p = 0.135). One-way ANOVA test of HOMA-IR showed no significant difference between G0, G1, and G2 (p = 0.148). It was concluded that porang flour can reduce 2hPPBG, but not HOMA-IR. There was no difference in 2hPPBG levels between administering porang flour daily and every other day.
Different Carapace Asymmetry Among Sexes in Vulnerable Tortoise: Chelonoidis carbonarius Spix 1824 (Testudines: Testudinidae) Salamanca-Carreño, Arcesio; Parés-Casanova, Pere M.; Pinzón-Guzmán, Brando E.; Díaz-Caviedes, Daniel A.
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.6.1577-1583

Abstract

Developmental stability (DS) is characterized by an individual's ability to resist random environmental and/or genetic perturbations during their development. Fluctuating Asymmetry (FA) is the most common means of assessing developmental stability (DS) in bilateral traits. To date, little attention has been paid to sexual differences in FA among tortoises. The aim was to assess the levels of carapace scutation symmetries in a sample of 45 wild adult red-footed tortoises, Chelonoidis carbonarius (13 males and 32 females), from the Arauca plains (Colombia) using geometric morphometric techniques. The landmark configuration, based on the dorsal scute sutures of the carapace, consisted of 7 symmetric pairs with three landmarks along the axial plane, and was tested. Procrustes ANOVA reflected sex-related FA (p<0.05), with males tending to exhibit a more pronounced asymmetry. Although we cannot identify the potential sources responsible for the detected developmental instability, our results suggest a high degree of stress and highlight that human intervention in Arauca is affecting wildlife. Similar studies in the future, correlated with an estimate of human impact, could provide irrefutable proof of causality between FA and environmental stressors. The results of this study may represent an estimate of the physical status of the Chelonoidis carbonarius (Spix 1824) population currently being studied.  
Development of a Fluorescence Immunoassay Based on Curcumin Carbon Dots-labeled IgY Antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 Detection Rachmadani, Nisa Amanda; Soetomo, Meilisa Keizia; Taharuddin, Audrey Angelina Putri; Santika, Arum Sinda; Abdillah, Oktaviardi Bityasmawan; Permatasari, Fitri Aulia; Iskandar, Ferry; Rachmawati, Heni; Fibriani, Azzania
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.1.44-57

Abstract

Carbon dots (CDs) are widely utilized in biomedical applications as fluorescent labels for imaging and diagnostics due to their excellent biocompatibility and superior optical properties. These advantages often make CDs a substitute for organic fluorescent dyes, which suffer from low emission intensity and poor photostability when interacting with biomolecules. Moreover, carbon-based materials are eco-friendly and can be synthesized from natural sources, such as curcumin, a chromophore compound abundantly available in Indonesia. Therefore, this study conducted a preliminary investigation on curcumin CDs-labeled IgY antibodies (IgY-cur CDs) for fluorescence immunoassay of SARS-CoV-2 in rapid test applications. The synthesis of the fluorescent label involved a carbodiimide coupling reaction using EDC/NHS agents to conjugate IgY antibodies with curcumin CDs. The IgY-cur CDs conjugate was confirmed to detect antigens through FRET immunosensor mechanisms, showing a significant increase in fluorescence intensity with increasing antigen concentrations (p < 0.05), with a minimum sample concentration of 10 ng. Furthermore, the IgY-CDs cur conjugate was applied as a reporter in a fluorescence-based LFIA using a sandwich assay format. The test strip successfully detected synthetic multiepitope SARS-CoV-2 antigens with an estimated detection limit of 54.28 µg and nasopharyngeal samples from confirmed COVID-19 patients within 35 minutes of operation. The test strip was evaluated to be stable under cold storage at 4°C for up to 3 weeks. In conclusion, curcumin CDs-labeled IgY antibodies demonstrate promising potential for further development as fluorescent labels in rapid diagnostic applications targeting SARS-CoV-2.
Phytochemistry Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Dumortiera hirsuta (Sw.) Nees from Gumitir, East Java Farhan, Abdillah Maulana; Setyati, Dwi; Gilani, Noor Azizah; Su’udi, Mukhamad; Ulum, Fuad Bahrul
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.6.1643-1653

Abstract

Dumortiera hirsuta, a thalloid liverwort, predominantly grows on the ground floor of coffee plantations in Gumitir, Jember District, East Java, and is known for its rich phytochemical content. This study aimed to comprehensively profile the volatile and non-volatile compounds present in the methanol extract of D. hirsuta and evaluate its antioxidant activity. The thallus was macerated using 96% methanol (1:10 ratio), followed by analysis using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) and Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Quadrupole Time-of-Flight (LC–MS QTOF). GC–MS identified 37 volatile compounds, with terpenes (29%), phenols (21%), and fatty acids (13%) as dominant classes. Several potent antioxidant sesquiterpenoids, including caryophyllene, guaiene, and aromadendrene derivatives, were notably abundant, along with unique compounds such as phytol, benzoic acid, pyrocatechol, and furanones. LC–MS analysis detected 15 non-volatile secondary metabolites, predominantly flavonoids (e.g., kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucuronide, luteolin, leucocyanidin), phenolics (sesamol, euparin), and terpenoids (brefeldin A, E-p-coumaric acid), of which nine are well-documented for their antioxidant properties. These compounds were identified with high accuracy (mass error ±4 ppm) across positive and negative ion modes. Antioxidant potential was confirmed through the DPPH radical scavenging assay, which yielded a moderate IC₅₀ value of 101.13 ppm and a strong dose-response correlation (R² = 0.9526). The favourable microclimatic conditions of Mount Gumitir likely contributed to the phytochemical richness observed. Collectively, these findings highlight D. hirsuta as a chemically diverse bryophyte with promising antioxidant constituents, supporting its potential application in pharmacological development and natural antioxidant sourcing.
Endophytic Entomopathogenic Fungi Negatively Impact on Growth and Development of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Herlinda, Siti; Milinia Puspita Sari, Jelly; Elfita; Suwandi, Suwandi; Anggraini, Erise; Hong Lau, Wei; Arrwais, Rhani; Irsan, Chandra; Hamidson, Harman; Hasyim, Hamzah; Verawaty, Marieska
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.6.1564-1576

Abstract

An alternative method for controlling Spodoptera frugiperda applies entomopathogenic fungi (EPF). The present research aimed to determine the impact of the endophytic EPF  on the growth and development of S. frugiperda. Twenty molecularly identified isolates of the endophytic EPF were used in seed treatments with the fungal suspension 1 × 1010 conidia.mL-1. The endophytic EPF that colonized corn leaves eaten by the neonate S. frugiperda larvae was able to significantly decrease the body weight of the larvae and pupae. The endophytic EPF could prolong the developmental time of all instar larvae and pupae.  The endophytic EPF could raise larval and pupal mortality and reduce the ability of adults to emerge from pupae,  and decrease egg laying by females.  The lowest percentage of adult emergence was observed in the adults from larvae consuming corn leaves colonized with Beauveria bassiana JaGiP and JgSPK isolates, which were 34.67% and 24%, respectively. Consequently, a reduced adult emergence could lead to a high cumulative death rate of 76% from larvae to adults. Finally, the endophytic EPFs negatively affect S. frugiperda growth and development.  B. bassiana JaGiP and JgSPK isolates are the most pathogenic fungi in inhibiting the growth and development of S. frugiperda. They are promising candidates for controlling S. frugiperda in the corn field. 
Abundance and Season Variability of Rove Beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in the Mangrove Ecosystem of Akalapuzha Coastal Region, Kerala, South India Krishna, V.R; Vineesh, P.J
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 6 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.6.1529-1537

Abstract

The species composition and diversity of rove beetles (Staphylinidae) in the mangrove coastal region remain poorly explored, particularly in South India. This study aims to understand the rove beetle diversity in the Akalapuzha mangrove coastal ecosystem with respective seasonal changes (pre-summer, summer, and monsoon) as well as the efficacy of different collection methods (pitfall trap, light trap, Berlese funnel, and flotation method). From the study, the collected specimens came under five subfamilies: Oxytelinae, Aleocharinae, Staphylininae, Paederinae, and Tachyporinae. Among this, high taxa abundance was observed in Oxytelinae, followed by Aleocharinae, Staphylininae, Paederinae, and Tachyporinae. Among the documented subfamilies, three subfamilies, namely Oxytelinae, Staphylininae, and Aleocharinae were recorded in all three seasons. In the case of diversity analysis, the highest diversity was observed in the summer season (1-D = 0.277, & H = 0.630), followed by pre-summer (1-D = 0.306, & H = 0.678) and monsoon (1-D = 0.533, & H = 1.069). Among all the different insect collection methods, the flotation method (p<0.05) is the most suitable for collecting rove beetles, regardless of seasonal variations, and is followed by light traps, pitfall traps, and Berlese funnel traps. The study revealed the inevitability of protecting the mangrove ecosystem, as it is identified as an ideal habitat for the economically, ecologically, and medically important Coleopteran family, Staphylinidae.
Therapeutic Potential of Synbiotic Roselle Extract Yogurt in Modulating Inflammatory Markers and Oral Microbiota in a Rat Model of 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Oral Mucositis Sena, Anantha; Mudigdo, Ambar; Arief, Irma-Isnafia; Indarto, Dono
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.1.58-70

Abstract

Mucositis is a common complication in cancer patients undergoing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) extract in synbiotic yogurt could be a beneficial alternative because it might change the inflammatory response and oral microbiota. The study aimed to investigate the effects of synbiotic roselle extract yogurt on inflammatory responses and oral microbiota in oral mucositis caused by 5-FU. An experimental study with twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats divided into four groups (n=6): healthy control (NC), disease control (PC), synbiotic roselle extract yogurt therapy (P1), and standard therapy (P2) groups. This study evaluated the number of bacterial colonies, expression of COX-2 and caspase-1, and levels of IL-1β and VEGF (days 4 and 7). The P1 group had a significantly increased beneficial lactic acid bacteria (6.91±0.87) and a decrease in pathogenic bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus (3.89±0.05), Escherichia coli (0), and Enterobacter aerogenes (1.78±0.29), compared to the PC group. Additionally, there was a statistically significant increase in VEGF levels in the tissue (0.07±0.03 ng/mL), a decrease in serum IL-1β levels (48.02±10.29 pg/mL), and an expression of caspase-1 and COX-2 compared to the PC group (p<0.05). Synbiotic roselle extract yogurt shows promise as a therapeutic strategy for managing mucositis by restoring microbial balance and mitigating inflammation.
Engineering of LysR-type Regulator DmlR in Burkholderia ubonensis CP01 to Enhance Its Antifungal Production against Ganoderma boninense Budinarta, Widyah; Purnamasari, Maria Indah; Hermosaningtyas, Anastasia Aliesa; Arifudin Rafif , Muhammad Ghildan; Prihatna , Cahya; Suwanto, Antonius
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.1.28-43

Abstract

The utilization of an antifungal substance, occidiofungin and burkholdine, derived from Burkholderia ubonensis CP01 has displayed promising results in the management of basal stem rot caused by Ganoderma boninense. The study aims to further enhance the antifungal production of B. ubonensis CP01 through genetic modification. Through comparative genetic analysis, we identified the dmlR gene in B. ubonensis CP01, which is homologous to the scmR gene, a LysR-type transcriptional regulator (LTTR), in B. thailandensis. Deleting the dmlR gene in CP01 resulted in a complete loss of antifungal synthesis. In contrast, overexpression of this gene led to a substantial increase in antifungal production, as determined by an agar well diffusion assay. These findings suggest that dmlR acts as a positive regulator of antifungal gene expression in B. ubonensis CP01. RP-HPLC analysis revealed that the mutant strain overexpressing the dmlR gene (mutant WB12) produced a higher peak at the 24-25 minute elution time. Previous high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis by our group identified the compound at this peak as six analog compounds with monoisotopic masses similar to those of cyclic lipopeptides, including occidiofungin and burkholdine. The WB12 mutant exhibited approximately 15% higher concentrations of antifungal compounds than the wild type. Additionally, whole genome sequencing confirmed that the introduced dmlR gene had been integrated into the locus on chromosome 2 of B. ubonensis CP01. LTTRs play a pivotal role in regulating the production of antifungal agents in CP01. Furthermore, it highlights the potential for manipulating LTTRs to enhance the desirable characteristics of the Burkholderia genus in regard to the production of secondary metabolites.
Assessing Methods for Enhanced Recovery of Touch DNA from Fingerprints: A Pilot Study Saamia, Vira; Yudianto, Ahmad; Nurjayadi, Muktiningsih; Novitasari
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 1 (2026): January 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.1.79-86

Abstract

The rapid advancement of science and technology, particularly in forensic science, has significantly enhanced crime investigation methodologies. One such advancement is the utilization of Scientific Crime Investigation methods, specifically the analysis of touch DNA from fingerprints. This research investigates the efficiency of fingerprint powders and swabbing agents in improving the quality and quantity of touch DNA for forensic applications. Touch DNA, derived from cellular materials like sweat and skin cells, presents a valuable source of genetic material for identification purposes. The study involved experimental analyses using Regular Silk Black Fingerprint Powder and Magnetic Dual-Purpose Powder, coupled with non-ionic detergent surfactants as swabbing agents. DNA samples were collected from volunteers with varying DNA shedding levels, processed, and analyzed using quantitative PCR and capillary electrophoresis. Results indicated that fingerprint powders significantly reduce the quantity and quality of recovered DNA due to DNA damage caused by the powders' chemical composition. Conversely, using non-ionic surfactants like Triton™ X-100 in swabbing improved DNA recovery and stability, leading to more complete DNA profiles. This study underscores the importance of optimizing fingerprint powder formulations and DNA sampling techniques to enhance forensic DNA analysis. The findings advocate for the development of less damaging fingerprint powders and improved DNA extraction protocols to preserve the integrity of touch DNA evidence in forensic investigations.

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