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INDONESIA
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 19783019     EISSN : 20864094     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,091 Documents
 106   107   108   109   110 
Combination Effect of Culture Media and Silver Nanoparticle on the Effectiveness of Tobacco Anther Regeneration Nur Khozin, Mohammad; Ahnaf, Yusuf Dary; Dewanti, Parawita; Restanto, Didik Pudji; Iryono
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.3.681-693

Abstract

Anther culture is an effective biotechnological approach to accelerate the production of homozygous lines in tobacco breeding. This study evaluated the interaction between culture media (Murashige and Skoog/MS and Chu’s N6) and silver nanoparticle (AgNP) concentrations on in vitro anther regeneration of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with ten treatment combinations consisting of two basal media and five AgNP concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 ppm), each replicated three times. Quantitative parameters included callus formation, shoot regeneration, rooting response, regeneration percentage, and contamination rate. MS medium supplemented with 2.5 ppm AgNPs (K2) produced the optimal response, showing 100% callus formation and the highest shoot regeneration percentage (89%). Root formation was observed only in treatments K2 and K4. In contrast, higher AgNP concentrations (≥7.5 ppm), particularly in Chu’s N6 medium, significantly reduced regeneration percentages (ANOVA, p<0.05). The promotive effect of low AgNP concentration is associated with suppression of ethylene activity, antimicrobial action, and regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which collectively enhance cell division and organogenesis. These findings indicate that MS medium supplemented with 2.5 ppm AgNPs is optimal for tobacco anther regeneration and suitable for doubled-haploid production.
Seaweed Diversity and Bioactive Compounds in Panjang Islands, Central Java, Indonesia Setyati, Wilis Ari; Pramesti, Rini; Putri, Angela Salsalina; Risandhi, Danendra Aquila Azfa; Firdaus, Syifa Shafira; Lumban Gaol, Josua Gabriel
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.3.669-680

Abstract

The biodiversity of seaweed encompasses a wide array of potential bioactive compounds applicable to various industries, particularly pharmaceuticals. This study aimed to collect seaweed diversity data from Panjang Island, Jepara, Central Java, Indonesia, and to identify the bioactive compounds and biological activity of each seaweed species for preliminary screening. Random sampling was used to collect the sample. Qualitative identification of bioactive compounds was performed using the maceration method for extraction, phytochemical screening tests, and pigment identification based on Rf values on TLC. Antibacterial screening tests were performed against Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria, followed by testing against pathogenic fungi (C. albicans) using the disk diffusion method, and an antioxidant test using the DPPH method. The results showed that six species from three phyla (Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, and Rhodophyta) exhibited distinct morphological characteristics, and the types of bioactive compounds produced by each species differed. The biological activity test results showed a low inhibitory activity. Antibacterial and antifungal biological activities were at the value of (<5 mm), and antioxidant biological activity was (>750 ppm). However, the active compounds and pigments with potential antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties can be optimized in various fields of bioindustry in the future.
Protein Profile and Decolorization Potential of Copper-Resistant Klebsiella pneumonia CKJ 500 2.1.2 in Response to Textile Dyes and Copper Irawati, Wahyu; Pinontoan, Reinhard; Marcellie, Jessica; Valiant, Andreas; Sugata, Marcelia
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.3.584-595

Abstract

Heavy metals and synthetic dyes are major environmental pollutants, particularly in industrial effluents. The development of effective and safe bioremediation strategies to mitigate their ecological impact is therefore critical. In this study, the copper-resistant bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae CKJ 500 2.1.2 was investigated for its capacity to decolorize textile dyes—specifically malachite green—and its associated enzymatic activities were characterized. Bacterial resistance was assessed using Luria–Bertani agar containing varying concentrations of copper and dyes. Decolorization efficiency was evaluated spectrophotometrically, protein expression was analyzed using SDS-PAGE, and dye degradation products were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The strain exhibited high tolerance to both copper and dyes, achieving 99.4% decolorization of malachite green and 81% for Congo red. The presence of copper inhibited the decolorization of most dyes, except malachite green and methylene blue. SDS-PAGE analysis identified three key enzymes: laccase (~60 kDa), manganese peroxidase (~39 kDa), and azoreductase (~22 kDa). GC-MS revealed both toxic and non-toxic degradation intermediates, indicating partial detoxification. These findings highlight the potential of K. pneumoniae CKJ 500 2.1.2 for bioremediation of dye-contaminated effluents. However, further research is required to elucidate the complete enzymatic pathways involved and to ensure environmentally safe dye degradation.
Panicle Trait Diversity and Its Impact on the Productivity of Indonesian Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv.) Genotypes Luthfiani, Marisa Vidya; Pahlevi, M Reza; Purwoko, Bambang Sapta; Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.3.566-574

Abstract

Foxtail millet is a climate-resilient cereal crop that is growing in importance in food security and sustainable agriculture. This study aimed to identify panicle traits associated with yield, determine functional traits suitable for selecting high-productivity genotypes, and classify superior local Indonesian foxtail millet genotypes. Eight genotypes were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Correlation analysis of 31 panicle traits revealed that grain filling rate, panicle weight, grain weight per panicle, grain weight per plant, and grain numbers on the middle and lower primary branches were positively associated with yield. Several of these traits also exhibited high broad-sense heritability and moderate GCV and PCV values, indicating their potential for selection. Principal component and two-way heatmap cluster analyses identified Buru, ICERI-7, Hambapraing, and Mauliru-2 as high-yielding genotypes. The findings provide critical insights for foxtail millet breeding programs in Indonesia focused on improving yield.
Preclinical Evaluation of HPV Type 52 L1L2 Chimeric Protein as a Cervical Cancer Vaccine Candidate Sari, Isti Kartika; Pamungkas, Joko; Mustopa, Apon Zaenal; Wibawan, I Wayan Teguh; Mamangkey, Jendri; Chairunnisa, Sheila; Irawan, Herman; Hertati, Ai; Ekawati, Nurlaili; Umami, Rifqiyah Nur; Novianti, Ela; Nurfatwa, Maritsa; Darusman, Huda Shalahudin
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.3.556-565

Abstract

High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the primary etiological agents of cervical cancer, accounting for more than 300,000 deaths annually worldwide. Current prophylactic vaccines based on recombinant L1 major capsid virus-like particles (VLPs) have demonstrated strong efficacy but are restricted to a limited spectrum of HPV types. To address this limitation, the present study evaluated a recombinant L1L2 chimeric protein derived from HPV type 52 as a potential candidate for a broad-spectrum vaccine. The chimeric protein was expressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21 (DE3) and purified for immunization studies. Female BALB/c mice (Mus musculus, n = 5 groups) were immunized, and immune responses were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and pseudovirion-based neutralization assays (PBNA). The recombinant L1L2 vaccine candidate induced detectable antibody responses against HPV antigens; however, neutralizing activity remained modest. Histopathological analysis of liver and kidney tissues showed no evidence of toxicity, supporting the safety profile of the candidate. In summary, these results suggest that the HPV type 52 L1L2 chimeric protein represents a promising platform for the development of cervical cancer vaccines, although further optimization is required to achieve robust cross-neutralizing efficacy.
Preparation and Characterization of P(3HB-co-HHX)/Silk Fibroin Nanofiber for Chondrogenic Differentiation on Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell Pramono, Andri Pramesyanti; Yulianti, Retno; Razi, Muhamad Alif; Karina; Ang, Shaik Ling; Sudesh, Kumar; Hanan; Endarwati, Yuni Cahya; Ghoza, Muhammad Radian
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.3.617-633

Abstract

This study explored the proliferative and chondrogenic differentiation capacities of nanofiber containing silk fibroin hybrid Bombyx mori silkworm cocoons (Japan-China SP-01 variant from Indonesia) and PHA P(3HB-co-3HHx) on human adipose mesenchymal stem cells. First, the scaffolds were prepared for electrospinning by combining two distinct biomaterials, consisting of silk fibroin derived from hybrid Bombyx mori silkworm cocoons, with a combination of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) and 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx). The effects of various ratios of P(3HB-co-3HHx)/Silk Fibroin nanofiber mixture on proliferative and differentiation capacity were then investigated. Following that, the morphology, chemical compositions, contact angle, tensile strength, roughness, cell viability, and human adipose mesenchymal stem cell differentiation of the nanofiber were investigated by collagen type 2 gene expression. The results of scanning electron microscopy showed the mean diameter of the nanofiber ranged from 370-600  nm. Following that, 16,000 volts was prominent for nanofiber manufacture in all ratios. It was also demonstrated that the nanofiber has significant mechanical properties, acceptable hydrophilicity and smoothness, and appropriate cell viability (up to 99.1% compared to the control on silk fibroin nanofiber). Although PHA increased tensile strength, silk fibroin administration to the mixture predominantly enhanced chondrogenic differentiation, as evidenced by modulation of chondrogenic collagen type 2 (up to 8.718-fold) gene markers. Furthermore, the physicochemical characteristics of the nanofiber mixture significantly influenced the proliferation and differentiation of human adipose mesenchymal stem cells. The results of the tests showed that silk fibroin administration into a nanofiber mixture has improved chondrogenesis and showed great potential as a cartilage tissue scaffold.
Characterization of Lignin Biosynthesis Encoding Gene, SiCOMT, from Nine Indonesian Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.) Genotypes Rizqullah, Ramadaniarto; Saenal, Nirwanti; Pahlevi, M Reza; Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi; Tsugama, Daisuke; Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.3.575-583

Abstract

Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) is an essential enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of lignin monomer units. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) possesses three COMT-encoding genes. However, only SiCOMT1 and SiCOMT2 are considered expressed. This study investigates the characteristics of the two COMT-encoding genes across nine Indonesian foxtail millet genotypes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that SiCOMT1 is closely related to N-methyltransferase genes, which are not involved in the lignin biosynthesis pathway. Meanwhile, SiCOMT2 is closely related to O-methyltransferase genes involved in lignin biosynthesis. SiCOMT2 from nine Indonesian foxtail millet genotypes exhibits 15 synonymous and three non-synonymous SNPs. SiCOMT2 amino acid showed Ala67Thr and Pro72Ala variations within the methyltransferase dimerization domain, and Glu146Asp within the O-methyltransferase domain. Among these, the Pro72Ala substitution is predicted to reduce the structural stability of the encoded protein. These findings suggest that SiCOMT2 may serve as a promising target for future genetic research and crop improvement strategies aimed at enhancing biomass quality by modifying lignin content and composition.
A Comparative Study of Penicillin G Acylase Expression in Two Escherichia coli Strains: BL21 (DE3) and Arctic Express Cendana, Kartika Sari; Wulandari, Sri Rezeki; Sabbathini, Gabriela Christy; Ulfah, Maria; Achnafani, Dini; Abinawanto; Aniqah, Sunni Sofiah; Helianti, Is; Nurhayati, Niknik
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.3.596-604

Abstract

The growing demand for semisynthetic beta-lactams has directed attention towards enzymes, specifically Penicillin G Acylases (PGAs), for their potential in synthesizing these antibiotics. This study delves into the expression of Achromobacter xylosoxidans PGA (AxPGA) in Escherichia coli, with a focus on enhancing the yield of active PGA, often constrained by a complex maturation process. The optimization of PGA expression included variations in IPTG concentration and the addition of CaCl2. Furthermore, the study compared PGA expression in E. coli BL21 (DE3) with that in E. coli Arctic Express (DE3), capable of co-expressing chaperones (chaperonin Cpn60 and Cpn10). Induction with 0.5 mM IPTG resulted in the highest hydrolytic activity in both strains, with Arctic Express (AE) exhibiting significantly higher activity due to improved folding facilitated by cold-adapted chaperonins. Alongside optimal IPTG induction, the addition of 10 mM CaCl2 in the culture media significantly increased PGA activity in both strains, highlighting that Ca2+ supplementation is an effective strategy to enhance the yield of functional PGA. Subcellular fractionation demonstrates that the periplasmic fraction yielded higher volumetric and specific activities compared to the cytoplasmic fractions in both E. coli strains, highlighting the importance of periplasmic processing for PGA maturation. This suggests that extracting the periplasmic fraction is an effective strategy for recovering active PGA while avoiding or reducing contamination either from co-expressed cytoplasmic chaperones or other intracellular proteins. These findings emphasize that induction strategy, ionic stabilization, and host strain selection play synergistic roles in increasing active recombinant PGA expression.
Vegetation Structure and Species Composition Along a Canal-Distance Gradient Across Different Peatland Land Use Types Silviana, Sinta Haryati; Saharjo, Bambang H.; Sutikno, Sigit; Vetrita, Yenni
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.3.694-703

Abstract

Tropical peatlands are critical ecosystems that provide habitat for biodiversity and store large amounts of carbon, yet they are increasingly degraded due to land-use conversion, drainage, and recurrent fires. This study examined vegetation structure and species composition along a canal-distance gradient (10-350 m across three peatland land-use types: rubber plantation, secondary forest, and burned peatland. Vegetation surveys were conducted using 40 nested plots covering four growth strata (trees, poles, saplings/shrubs, and seedlings/herbs). Community structure was analyzed using the Importance Value Index (IVI), Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H′), Margalef’s richness index (DMg), Pielou’s evenness index (E), and Simpson’s dominance index (C). Differences in environmental parameters among land-use types were tested using one-way ANOVA (p<0.05). Secondary forests exhibited the highest species richness and diversity with balanced structural complexity, whereas rubber plantations showed simplified communities dominated by Hevea brasiliensis. Burned peatlands were characterized by pioneer tree species and dense fern understorey, indicating successional arrest. Secondary forests had higher biodiversity than rubber plantations, which in turn had higher biodiversity than burned peatlands. These findings highlight that land-use intensity, canal proximity, and fire history jointly regulate vegetation dynamics in tropical peatlands and highlight the importance of forest conservation, plantation diversification, and restoration through rewetting and enrichment planting.
Isolation, Screening, Characterization, and Identification of Potential Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from the Gut of Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Nguyen Phuong, Thuy; Nguyen Thanh, Tuu
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 33 No. 3 (2026): May 2026
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.33.3.704-715

Abstract

Bacterial diseases represent a major constraint on the sustainability of shrimp aquaculture. Increasing antibiotic resistance necessitates eco-friendly alternatives. This study isolate and characterizes bacteriocin-producing Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from the gut of healthy farmed Litopenaeus vannamei to evaluate their probiotic potential. Thirty presumptive LAB isolates were obtained from 50 shrimp samples. In vitro assessment included tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal conditions (pH 1.5 and 3% bile salts), safety (hemolysis and antibiotic susceptibility), and antimicrobial activity against four pathogens: Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V. harveyi, V. alginolyticus, and V. vulnificus. Isolate LV4 maintained viable counts of 6.72±0.13 Log CFU/mL at pH 1.5 and 5.17±0.48 Log CFU/mL at 3% bile salts. The neutralized cell-free supernatant of LV4 exhibited proteinaceous, broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against all tested Vibrio pathogens. Isolate LV4 was non-hemolytic and sensitive to most clinically relevant antibiotics. Molecular identification using 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified LV4 as Enterococcus faecalis. This study confirms that the gut of L. vannamei is a valuable reservoir for robust LAB. Isolate E. faecalis LV4 is a strong candidate for further development as a probiotic to enhance shrimp health and disease resistance in aquaculture.

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