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Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
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ISSN : 14125269     EISSN : 23546700     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia (JAI) merupakan salah satu sarana penyebarluasan informasi hasil-hasil penelitian serta kemajuan iptek dalam bidang akuakultur yang dikelola oleh Departemen Budidaya Perairan, FPIK–IPB. Sejak tahun 2005 penerbitan jurnal dilakukan 2 kali per tahun setiap bulan Januari dan Juli. Jumlah naskah yang diterbitkan per tahun relatif konsisten yaitu 23–30 naskah per tahun atau minimal 200 halaman.
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Articles 569 Documents
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Analysis of water and sediment quality in Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei culture with different sediment redox potential Wiyoto, Wiyoto; Hendriana, Andri; Siskandar, Ridwan; Mashita, Nurul; Mahendra, Tangkas; Cahyo, Arif Dwi; Arzi, Jibal Rizki Akbar; Aulia, Salsabila Setya; Ekasari, Julie
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.21.1.59-67

Abstract

ABSTRAK Pengamatan parameter kualitas air, tanah, kesehatan dan pertumbuhan merupakan hal yang penting untuk dilakukan dalam budidaya udang vaname. Keterkaitan antar parameter tersebut perlu untuk diketahui dan dianalisis lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat keterkaitan antara berbagai parameter kualitas air, kualitas tanah, koefisien teknis budidaya dan parameter kesehatan udang dalam kegiatan budidaya udang dengan nilai sedimen redok potensial yang berbeda. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan perbedaan nilai sedimen redok potensial yaitu 69,33 ± 14,5 mV, 151,00 ± 8,89 mV, dan 210,00 ± 17,32 mV dengan empat ulangan. Udang sebanyak 25 ekor dengan bobot rata rata 1,37 ± 0,04 g dan padat tebar 144 ekor/m2 digunakan dalam penelitian selama 30 hari. Selama penelitian parameter yang diamati meliputi parameter kualitas air, kesehatan dan pertumbuhan. Parameter kualitas air tidak menunjukkan perbedaaan nyata antar perlakuan kecuali nilai pH dan oksigen terlarut. Pada nilai redok potensial yang rendah nilai pH air cenderung lebih tinggi sedangkan pada nilai redok potensial yang lebih tinggi nilai oksigen terlarut lebih tinggi. Parameter kualtias air yang menunjukkan keterkaitan berdasarkan analisis komponen utama (PCA) dan klaster adalah konduktivitas dan TDS sedangkan parameter kualitas tanah yang saling berkaitan adalah total P, total Fe, total Mn dan total S. Adapun parameter pertumbuhan dan kesehatan udang tidak memenuhi syarat untuk diuji lanjut dengan PCA. Kata kunci: kualitas air, PCA, redok potensial, sedimen, udang putih.
Functional effects of natural silicate, yeast and saponins based product on the growth and health status of the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Novriadi, Romi; Rukmono, Djumbuh; Shapira, Benny; Farzeli, Arik
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.21.1.41-51

Abstract

ABSTRACT In this study, a commercial product of natural silicates and yeast (NSY) and saponins from Yucca schidigera and Quillaja saponaria plants (SBP) were used to evaluate their nutritional effects on growth and health status of pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Four isonitrogenous and iso-lipidic experimental diets were formulated to contain 0%, 0.3% NSY, 0.2% SBP and 0.6% NSY. After 60 days, shrimp were sampled and standard haemato-immunological parameters were measured. The growth performances of shrimp were significantly affected by the dietary inclusion of NSY and SBP, whereas the inclusion of NSY and SBP provide a better growth compared to the control group. Additionally, the inclusion of NSY and SBP significantly enhance the total haemocytes count and lysozyme activity in shrimp compared to control. Therefore, NSY and SBP can be regarded as the functional ingredients in shrimp diet to improve the growth and non-specific immune function of shrimp.Keywords: Silicates and yeast, saponins, growth, health status, shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei ABSTRAK Pada kajian ini, produk komersial yang berbasiskan kepada komponen alamiah silikat dan ragi (NSY) dan saponins yang berasal dari tumbuhan Yucca schidigera dan Quillaja saponaria (SBP) digunakan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruhu nutrisi yang dimiliki terhadap pertumbuhan dan status kesehatan dari udang putih Litopenaeus vannamei. Empat pakan yang bersifat iso-nitrogen dan iso-lipid diformulasikan dengan perlakuan 0%, 0.3% NSY, 0.2% SBP and 0.6% NSY. Setelah 60 hari, udang kemudian diambil sampelnya dan protokol standard untuk uji hemato-immunologi dilakukan. Laju pertumbuhan udang secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh keberadaan NSY dan SBP, dimana inklusi NSY dan SBP memberikan pertumbuhan yang lebih baik dibandingkan kontrol. Selain itu, penggunaan NSY dan SBP secara signifikan meningkatkan jumlah total hemosit dan aktivitas lisozim pada udang perlakuan dibandingkan kontrol. Oleh karena itu, NSY dan SBP dapat digolongkan sebagai bahan baku fungsional pada pakan udang untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan fungsi imun non-spesifik pada udangKata kunci: Silikat dan ragi, saponins, laju pertumbuhan, status kesehatan, udang Litopenaeus vannamei
Health Status of Spiny Lobster Panulirus homarus with Sub-Mersible Net Cage System in the Different Depths at Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta Wahjuningrum, Dinamella; Effendi, Irzal; Hadiroseyani, Yani; Budiardi, Tatag; Diatin, Iis; Setiawati, Mia; Puji Hastuti, Yuni; Oman Sudrajat, Agus; Yonvitner; Sri Nuryati; Utami, Putri
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.21.1.68-80

Abstract

ABSTRACT Cultivation of Panulirus homarus lobster is now carried out with sub-mersible net cage system at a certain depth in order to obtain optimal temperature, light and water pressure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the health status of the sand lobster P. homarus which was kept in sub-mersible net cage system measuring 250 cm × 272 cm × 135 cm with a depth of 6 m and 8 m in the waters of Semak Daun Island, Seribu Islands, DKI Jakarta. The average size of lobster seeds used was 93.23 ± 0.99 g/head with a density of 4 lobsters/m2. Lobsters were fed trash fish, molluscs and crustaceans, with a frequency of twice a day at 07.00 WIB 30% and 17.00 WIB 70% of the lobster biomass weight. This study used a completely randomized design with the two depth treatments mentioned above and three replications. Observations of total haemocyte count, differential haemocyte count, phenoloxidase activity, respiratory burst phagocytic activity and histology of lobster hepatopancreas were performed twice every 14 days. Based on the above observations, the depth does not affect the immune response, there is no visible damage to the cells and tissues of the lobster hepatopancreas. Keywords: haemolymph, histology, lobster cultivation, sea, sub-mersible net cage system
Effectivity of karamunting Melastoma malabathricum leaves in inhibiting ovarian development of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus Yogo Tri saloko; Muhammad Agus Suprayudi; Muhammad Zairin Jr.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.21.1.52-58

Abstract

ABSTRACT Tilapia gonads mature quickly before reaching market size, caused by a diverting of feed energy from growth to reproduction. As a result, somatic growth is disrupted to achieve market size, the operational costs are high, and the rearing period is longer. This study aims to evaluate the ability of karamunting leaf extracts to inhibit the development of tilapia gonads. This study used a complete randomized design with four treatments and three replications, namely 0 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg of karamunting leaf extract. Tilapia fish weighed 13–14 g were kept in an aquarium measuring 100×60×50 cm with a stocking density of 20 fish/ aquarium. Fish were fed twice a day at 8 a.m and 5 p.m in at satiation. Sampling was carried out at the beginning of the study, on day 30th and day 60th. On day 30th the result showed that the best dose in inhibiting the development of fish gonad was 100 mg/kg of karamunting leaf extract that was 1.15 ± 0.19% and the daily growth rate was increased at 2.22 ± 0.06%. On day 60th, the best dose in inhibiting gonad development was 25 mg/kg of karamunting leaf extract, which was 2.49 ± 1.24% and the daily growth rate was increased amount 3.26 ± 0.06%. Keywords: extract, karamunting leaves, gonad development, tilapia ABSTRAK Gonad ikan nila cepat berkembang sebelum mencapai ukuran pasar, menyebabkan pengalihan energi pakan dari pertumbuhan ke reproduksi. Akibatnya, pertumbuhan somatik terganggu sehingga untuk mencapai ukuran pasar biaya operasional tinggi dan masa pemeliharaan lebih lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi ekstrak daun karamunting dalam menghambat perkembangan gonad ikan nila. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan; yaitu 0 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, dan 100 mg/kg ekstrak daun karamunting. Ikan nila berukuran 13–14 g dipelihara di akuarium berukuran 100×60×50 cm dengan padat tebar 20 ikan/akuarium. Ikan diberi makan dua kali sehari pada jam 8 pagi dan 5 sore dengan at satiation. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada awal penelitian, hari ke-30 dan hari ke-60. Hasil pada hari ke-30 menunjukan bahwa dosis terbaik dalam menghambat perkembangan gonad pada ikan uji adalah 100 mg/kg ekstrak daun karamunting yaitu 1.15 ± 0.19% dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan harian 2.22 ± 0.06%. Pada hari ke-60 dosis terbaik dalam menghambat perkembangan gonad adalah 25 mg/kg ekstrak daun karamunting yaitu 2.49 ± 1.24% dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan harian 3.26 ± 0.06%. Kata kunci: daun karamunting, ekstrak, ikan nila, pertumbuhan gonad
The Effectiveness of Chitosan to Increase Body Resistance of Sangkuriang Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Against Aeromonas hydrophila Attack Mahatma Kresnha Radityo; Rosidah; Walim Lili; Roffi Grandiosa Herman
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.21.2.93-108

Abstract

This research aims to determine the optimal dose of chitosan that is appropriate to be given to commercial feed in increasing the immune system of sangkuriang catfish fry. The research was carried out in April – June 2021 at the Aquaculture Laboratory and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University. This research used an experimental method of Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. The treatment used was the addition of chitosan to feed with doses of 0 g (A), 2.5 g (B), 5 g (C), 7.5 g (D), and 10 g (E). Maintenance of test fish for 14 days. Experimental fish were infected by Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria with a density of 108 CFU/ml with 10 ml immersion method. Parameters observed included white blood cells, leukocyte differential, clinical symptoms, survival and water quality. Data on white blood cell count, and survival were analyzed by ANOVA, if there was a significant difference, Duncan's test was performed. Leukocyte differential data, clinical symptoms and water quality were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the addition of chitosan at a dose of 10 g was effective for improving the immune system performance of catfish fry. During 14 days of chitosan administration, the white blood cell count increased by 41.60% from the value of 13.96 × 104 cells/mm3 to 23.90 × 104 cells/mm3. The 10 g chitosan treatment was an effective dose to stimulate differential leukocytes in catfish to improve the immune system, it was also marked by the fastest clinical symptom recovery period and the highest survival rate after the challenge test, which was 96.6%.
Characterization and molecular detection of pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance genes in Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from Pacific white shrimp Muhammad Arif Mulya; Fachriyan Hasmi Pasaribu; Usamah Afiff; Munti Yuhana
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.21.1.81-92

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aimed to conduct the characterization and molecular detection of the pathogenicity and antibiotic-resistance genes in Vibrio parahaemolyticus, as the causative agent of vibriosis in Pacific white shrimp. The V. parahaemolyticus isolates were collected from the shrimp’s hepatopancreas, before biochemical test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene confirmation. The hemolysis test and PCR were applied to detect the presence of virulence genes, namely toxR, thermostable direct haemolysin (tdh), and tdh-related haemolysin (trh). The Kirby-Bauer method was used for characterizing the resistance patterns against ampicillin (AMP), tetracycline (TET), cyprofloxacin (CIP), enrofloxacin (ENR), and chloramphenicol (CHL). The biochemical tests and PCR-16SrRNA gene sequencing confirmed that 12 isolates belonged to V. parahaemolyticus that were further verified by amplification of the toxR gene in 382 bp (100% of the isolates). The alpha hemolysis activity was also confirmed by the amplicon of 199 bp in all isolates. All V. parahaemolyticus isolates showed their resistance to AMP and 42% of the isolates were TET-resistant. However, no resistance was shown to CIP, ENR, and CHL. The PCR-based analysis resulted a detectable resistance gene of ampC (42% of the isolates) and tetB (83% of the isolates). Keywords: antibiotics, shrimp, resistance, virulency, Vibrio parahaemolyticus ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan karakterisasi dan deteksi molekular dari gen patogenisitas dan resistansi antibiotik pada Vibrio parahaemolyticus, agen penyebab vibriosis pada udang vaname. Isolat V. parahaemolyticus dikoleksi dari hepatopankreas, diuji secara biokimiawi dan selanjutnya dikonfirmasi dengan polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-sekuensing dari gen 16S rRNA. Tes hemolisis dan metode PCR diterapkan untuk mendeteksi keberadaan gen virulensi toxR, thermostable direct haemolysin (tdh) and tdh-related haemolysin (trh). Metode Kirby Bauer digunakan untuk karakterisasi pola resistansi terhadap ampisilin (AMP), tetrasiklin (TET), kloramfenikol (CHL), siprofloksasin (CIP) dan enrofloksasin (ENR). Uji biokimia dan sekuensing gen PCR-16SrRNA memastikan bahwa 12 isolat adalah V. parahaemolyticus yang selanjutnya diverifikasi dengan amplifikasi gen toxR berukuran 382 bp (100% isolat). Aktivitas alfa hemolisis juga dikonfirmasi dengan amplikon PCR (199 bp) di semua isolat. Seluruh isolat V. parahaemolyticus menunjukkan resistansinya terhadap AMP, 42% resistan TET, tidak ada resistansi yang ditunjukkan pada CIP, ENR dan CHL. Analisis berbasis PCR menghasilkan gen resistan yang terdeteksi dari gen ampC (42% isolat) dan gen tetB (83% isolat). Kata kunci: Antibiotik, udang, resistansi, virulensi, Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Production performance of nursery graded eel Anguilla bicolor bicolor in recirculating aquaculture system Budiardi, Tatag; Effendi, Irzal; Rahman, Muhammad Aghistni; Vinasyiam, Apriana
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.21.2.109-127

Abstract

The growth rate highly varies in nurseries of eel. Variations in size lead to competition in obtaining feed, this causes stunting of smaller fish. This situation leads to high production costs due to poor feed utilization efficiency. Grading needs to be done periodically to improve nursery production performance. Water quality is controlled by a recirculation system that can support production performance through the degradation of toxic compounds. This study aims to analyze the production and nursery performance of graded eel (Anguilla bicolor bicolor) that graded in the same batch in a recirculation system. Completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of three treatments with four replications was used in this research. The treatments included nursery of graded eels for 60 days in three groups of initial weight size, namely 0,35±0,00 g (A); 0,50±0,00 g (B); and 1,04±0,00 g (C). There were 344 eels (A), 239 eels (B), and 116 eels (C) in each replication. The best nursery production performance was obtained in the treatment of 1,04±0,00 g, and the best nursery business performance was obtained in the treatment of 0,50±0,00 g.
Synbiotic microcapsule dietary supplementation for prevention against co-infection diseases in Pacific white shrimp: a limited field experiment Munti Yuhana; Tambun, Andreas; Widanarni, Widanarni; Afiff, Usamah
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.21.2.125-132

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effectivity of microencapsulated synbiotic (MS), Bacillus sp. NP5 and mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) dietary in different feeding frequencies in Pacific white shrimp culture field experiment. The MS was administered as a feed supplementation to enhance the immunity for prevention against co-infection with WSSV (White Spot Syndrome Virus) and Vibrio harveyi. The synbiotic was microencapsulated by the spray dryer method. Shrimps were reared in the floating net cages in the pond. Treatments included the administration of MS at different frequencies i.e, daily (A), twice a week (B), once a week (C), and without MS supplementation (consisted of negative and positive controls) with a feeding rate of 6% of shrimp biomass (5 times a day). During the challenge trial, shrimps were removed and further reared in plastic tanks, for 7 days. The shrimps (except negative control treatment) were intramuscularly injected by WSSV filtrate at the infective dosage of 10-4 copies.ml-1. Twenty four hours after WSSV injection the shrimps were immersed in the water-containing cells suspension of V. harveyi at the cell’s population dosage of 106 CFU.ml-1. Immune responses were observed for 7 days after experimental infection. The shrimps that have been treated with daily MS supplementation (A) showed better immune responses i.e., total haemocyte counts, phenoloxidase, respiratory burst, and the lower pathogenic cells abundance in the intestine compared to other treatments groups.
Evaluation of fermented rice bran to replace soybean meal in the diet of Clarias sp. fingerling: Evaluasi fermentasi dedak padi untuk menggantikan tepung kedelai pada pakan benih ikan lele Clarias sp Putra, Achmad Noerkhaerin; Syamsunarno, Mas Bayu; Rohayati, Dede; Sarah, Yuhana Marta; Matien, Ghulam Abdul
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.21.2.142-151

Abstract

Rice bran is being fermented using Aspergillus niger in order to increase its usage as a raw material for the catfish diet. This research aims to evaluate the potentials of rice bran fermented with A. niger to replace soybean meal in catfish Clarias sp diet. There were two research stages, first the fermentation test of A. niger on rice bran that used a completely randomized factorial design consisting of 2 factors, namely the dose of A. niger (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 g/100 g) and incubation time (0. 24 and 48 hours). Secondly, the substitution test of soybean meal with fermented rice bran on five different of substitution levels (0, 15, 20, 35, and 40%) in the catfish diet. The results showed that the fermentation of A. niger of 2 % with an incubation period of 24 hours in rice bran resulted in the smallest crude fiber and fraction content, and increased protein and amino acid including serine, threonine, alanine, methionine, isoleucine, and lysine. The specific growth rate in the substitution treatment of 0-20% was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of 35-40%. There was also no difference (P>0.05) in the growth performance of catfish in the 0 to 20% substitution treatment. Also, replacing soybean meal with fermented rice bran up to 20% did not have a negative effect on the growth performance of catfish. It was concluded that fermented rice bran could be used as raw material for catfish.
Availability of puerulus from natural catch for lobster panulirus spp. nursery culture Diatin, Iis; Effendi, Irzal; Hadiroseyani, Yani; Budiardi, Tatag; Hernanda, Virta Rizki; Nidwidyanthi, Nidwidyanthi; Vinasyiam, Apriana
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.21.2.133-141

Abstract

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang melakukan ekspor lobster ke negara Hongkong, Vietnam, China, dan Singapura, dengan nilai ekspor lobster Indonesia mengalami rata-rata pertumbuhan 3,54% pertahun. Produksi lobster tersebut masih mengandalkan hasil tangkapan, karena budidaya lobster belum banyak dilakukan di Indonesia. Pantai Barat Provinsi Lampung dikenal sebagai daerah tangkapan lobster yang dimanfaatkan oleh nelayan setempat sebagai sumber pendapatan utama. Untuk mengetahui potensi ekonomi dari budidaya lobster, maka dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan menganalisis ketersediaan benih bening lobster (BBL) dan rantai pasok lobster sebagai suplai benih untuk kebutuhan budidaya lobster. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei di Kecamatan Krui Selatan, Kabupaten Pesisir Barat, Lampung. Responden dalam penelitian adalah para nelayan penangkap BBL dan pengepul BBL. Penentuan responden dilakukan dengan metode snowball sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis lobster utama yang ditangkap adalah jenis lobster pasir dan lobster Mutiara. Hasil tangkapan nelayan lobster pada bulan gelap yaitu rata-rata 121 340 ekor BBL/bulan, sedangkan pada bulan terang rata-rata 4 680 ekor BBL/bulan, sehinnga dalam setahun benih yang dihasilkan mencapai 1.500.000 ekor BBL. BBL hasil tangkapan nelayan akan dijual pengepul kecil, selanjutnya ke pengepul besar, distributor dan eksportir. BBL terdistribusi ke berbagai wilayah mencakup Lampung, Bengkulu, Jambi, Palembang dan Jakarta. Marjin pemasaran yang diperoleh pengepul kecil dan besar mencapai 15 %. Produksi benih lobster yang melimpah di perairan Pantai Pesisir Barat Lampung sangat berpotensi untuk pengembangan budidaya pendederan lobster sebagai sumber ekonomi baru.

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