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INDONESIA
ACTA VETERINARIA INDONESIANA
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 23373207     EISSN : 23374373     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Veterinary
Acta Veterinaria Indonesiana (Indonesian Veterinary Journal) mempublikasikan artikel-artikel dalam bentuk: penelitian, ulasan, studi kasus, dan komunikasi singkat yang berkaitan dengan berbagai aspek ilmu dalam bidang kedokteran hewan, biomedis, peternakan dan bioteknologi. Artikel ditulis dalam bahasa Indonesia atau Inggris. Acta Veterinaria Indonesiana diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan bekerjasama dengan Perhimpunan Dokter Hewan Indonesia. Terbit dua kali dalam satu tahun pada bulan Januari dan Juli. [ISSN 2337-3202, E-ISSN 2337-4373]
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 332 Documents
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Karakteristik Semen Cair Lumba-lumba Hidung Botol Indo-Pasifik (Turciops aduncus) Pasca Penyimpanan pada Suhu 5 C Rizal Gusdinar; Setiadi, Mohamad Agus; M. Elmanaviean; Karja, Ni Wayan Kurniani
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/avi.13.3.209-216

Abstract

Lumba-lumba hidung botol Indo-Pasifik merupakan model potensial untuk pengembangan preservasi semen pada mamalia laut. Pengencer komersial berbasis lesitin digunakan untuk preservasi semen cair lumba-lumba hidung botol indo-pasifik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeavaluasi karakteristik semen cair lumba-lumba hidung botol pasca penyimpanan pada suhu 5 °C dalam pengencer komersial berbasis lesitin. Semen segar dari dua lumba-lumba hidung botol indo-pasifik berusia 11,5 dan 18 tahun dikoleksi satu minggu sekali sebanyak 3 kali ulangan. Semen segar dievaluasi secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Semen dengan motilitas sperma lebih dari 70% dibagi menjadi empat tabung, masing-masing dengan dan tanpa perlakuan sentrifugasi. Semen dibagi menjadi konsentrasi 100×106 ml-1 dan 200×106 ml-1, kemudian disimpan pada suhu 5 °C selama 4 hari. Evaluasi dilakukan setiap 24 jam meliputi motilitas, viabilitas, dan membran plasma utuh (MPU) spermatozoa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan yang signifikan (P < 0,05) pada kualitas sperma setiap 24 jam pemeriksaan pada semua perlakuan. Kualitas semen cair dipertahankan dengan motilitas ≥40% hingga hari ke-2 setelah penampungan semen. Preservasi semen cair sperma lumba-lumba hidung botol indo-pasifik dapat dilakukan dalam jangka waktu penyimpanan yang singkat yaitu 48 jam pada semua perlakuan dengan pengencer komersial berbasis lesitin.
Hematological Profile of Macaca nemestrina Across Different Age Groups Sri Wahyuni; Fitriya Nur Annisa Dewi; Anita Esfandiari; Suryo Saputro; Huda Shalahudin Darusman
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/avi.13.3.217-223

Abstract

Macaca nemestrina, also known as the pigtail macaque, plays a crucial role in drug development and serves as a highly valuable animal model for studying various human diseases due to its phenotypic similarities to humans, including those related to the aging process. Hematology is a critical component of clinical assessments for this spesies, serving both as a diagnostic tool to determine their health status and to characterize disease models, including degenerative and geriatric diseases. As anemia is a common phenomenon in the elderly, it is also important to determine whether M. nemestrina exhibit a similar condition with age. The aim of this study was to determine the hematological profiles of clinically healthy female M. nemestrina across young, adult, and elderly age groups, particularly related to anemia parameters. This study was conducted at the Primate Research Center, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia. The animals were part of a breeding colony and were divided into three groups based on age: young (5–7 years), adult (12–14 years), and elderly (18–21 years). Following anesthesia with ketamine, a physical examination was performed to determine clinical status, and blood samples were collected for a complete blood count (CBC) evaluation using an automated analyzer. The results showed that total erythrocytes, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) were significantly different (P<0.05) in the elderly group compared to the other groups. Additionally, the red cell distribution width (RDW) percentage and leukocyte count differed significantly between the adult and elderly groups. The results showed that the erythrogram differs with age in clinically healthy M. nemestrina, suggesting the importance of determining appropriate baseline reference values in macaques of different ages.
Pengaruh Suhu dan Lama Penyimpanan terhadap Kualitas Telur Ayam Arab : Effect of Storage Temperature and Time on The Quality of Eggs from An Arabian Chicken Pisestyani, Herwin; Putra Wijaya, Erlangga; Widaya Lukman, Denny; Handharyani, Ekowati
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/avi.13.3.224-230

Abstract

Minimnya pasokan telur ayam lokal (kampung) menjadi peluang pasar bagi telur ayam arab, dikarenakan kemiripan bentuk, ukuran dan warna cangkangnya sehingga sulit untuk dibedakan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perubahan kualitas telur ayam arab selama penyimpanan di refrigerator dan suhu kamar. Penelitian eksperimental ini didesain menggunakan sistem rancangan acak kelompok, kelompok perlakuan terdiri dari telur yang disimpan di refrigerator menggunakan rak telur (K1), refrigerator menggunakan keranjang (K2), suhu ruang menggunakan rak telur (K3), dan suhu ruang menggunakan keranjang (K4). Parameter yang diamati, yaitu bobot telur, tinggi kantung udara, Indeks Kuning Telur (IKT), Indeks Putih Telur (IPT), dan Haugh unit (HU). Lima butir telur pada masing-masing kelompok diamati kualitasnya selama 45 hari penyimpanan dengan interval 5 hari sehingga total sampel berjumlah 200 butir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan nyata (P<0,05) pada semua parameter kualitas telur terhadap waktu penyimpanan telur ayam Arab. Telur ayam Arab yang disimpan di suhu ruang dan refrigerator menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (P<0,05). Telur yang disimpan di rak telur dan di keranjang tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (P>0,05). Faktor yang memengaruhi kualitas telur secara signifikan yaitu suhu dan waktu penyimpanan. Penempatan telur di refrigerator mampu mempertahankan kualitas telur ayam Arab lebih lama.
Laju Metabolisme dan Saturasi Oksigen Kelelawar Pemakan Buah (Cynopterus titthaecheilus) Hanadhita, Desrayni; Maheshwari2, Hera; Sismin Satyaningtijas, Aryani; Agungpriyono, Srihadi; Rahma, Anisa
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/avi.13.3.231-239

Abstract

Metabolic rate and oxygen saturation are crucial factors in understanding the physiology of fruit bats (Cynopterus titthaecheilus and Cynopterus brachyotis). This study aims to evaluate the resting metabolic rate and oxygen saturation in bats and their relationship to flight physiology. A total of 32 bats were categorized based on species, sex, and age. Metabolic rate was measured using a metabolic chamber method, while oxygen saturation was monitored using a patient monitoring system. The results showed that bat metabolism is influenced by various factors, including age and sex, without a significant correlation with body mass. Adult female bats exhibited highly fluctuating metabolic rates, possibly due to hormonal factors and increased energy demands during lactation. Additionally, C. titthaecheilus had an oxygen saturation of 94%±2.00 for males and 94%±1.73 for females, whereas C. brachyotis showed 98%±0.00 in males and 87%±4.16 in females. The high oxygen saturation in bats indicates an efficient oxygen transport system that supports their high metabolic activity during flight. This study provides insights into the physiological strategies of bats in maintaining high metabolism and oxygenation capacity, which are relevant to their ecology and overall health.
Pola Perilaku Harian Anak Rusa Timor (Rusa timorensis) di Penangkaran CV. Bahtera Satwa Desa Margorejo, Dawe Kudus: Pola Perilaku Harian Anak Rusa Timor (Rusa timorensis) Febriani, Lili; Isdadiyanto, Sri; Kasiyati, Kasiyati
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/avi.13.3.240-247

Abstract

The phenomenon of the declining population of Timor deer (Rusa timorensis) has led the Indonesian government to designate them as a protected species. Captive breeding has become an effort to conserve Timor deer, and daily behavior serves as a measure of the success of the breeding program. The objective of this research was to evaluate the daily behavior patterns of Timor deer fawns, including movement, feeding, resting, social, alert, eliminative, and grooming behavior at the CV. Bahtera Satwa Breeding Center. Data collection for the research was conducted over 14 days using the scan sampling method. The results showed significant differences (p<0.05) in movement behavior, feeding, resting, social, and eliminative behavior between morning, afternoon, and evening. The frequency of social behavior in deer fawn was observed more often than in other behaviors, while the duration of resting activities was higher compared to other activities. The conclusion of this study was that the daily behavior patterns of Timor deer fawns, consisting of social and resting behaviors, were consistently performed in the morning and afternoon. The social behavior exhibited by the fawns was an effort to interact and explore their environment, while resting behavior was used to avoid heat and recover energy after morning activities.
Dinamika Epidemiologi Multidrug Resistensi (Ampicilin, Streptomycin and Tetracycline) pada Kucing Domestik di Wilayah Kota Surabaya Timur Wibisono, Freshinta Jellia; Qurratu’ain, Seryna Hasna; Jalal, Ismul; Fardiansyah, Al; Isnaeni, Mutia; Mentari, Andi Oktaviana; Islam, Afif Fajrul; Wibisono, Freshindy Marissa; Widiasih, Dyah Ayu; Freshinta Jellia Wibisono
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/avi.13.3.248-258

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance in pets, especially cats, has become a serious global health challenge. The irrational use of antibiotics, whether excessive or inappropriate, accelerates the emergence of resistant bacteria that can potentially spread to humans and the environment. This study aims to identify the presence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and analyze its resistance patterns in domestic cats in East Surabaya. A total of 35 rectal swab samples were collected from pet cats and tested at the Veterinary Public Health Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wijaya Kusuma University, Surabaya. The samples were isolated using the selective MacConkey Agar medium and confirmed as Escherichia coli through Gram staining, biochemical tests, and antibiotic susceptibility testing. The results showed that 94.3% (33/35) of the samples contained Escherichia coli. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed resistance rates of 27% (9/33) to ampicillin, 24% (8/33) to streptomycin, and 12% (4/33) to tetracycline. Additionally, 9.1% (3/33) of the isolates were classified as multidrug resistance, showing resistance to all three antibiotics (AMP-TE-S). Other resistance patterns included AMP-S (6.1%) and TE-S (3.1%). The high resistance rate of Escherichia coli in domestic cats highlights the critical role of pets as potential reservoirs of resistant bacteria, which may impact human health through direct contact or environmental transmission. Therefore, raising awareness and educating pet owners and veterinary professionals on the prudent and responsible use of antibiotics is essential. The One Health approach, integrating human, animal, and environmental health, is a strategic measure to prevent the future spread of antimicrobial resistance.
Karakterisasi dan Suplementasi Nanofiber PVA-kurkumin pada Performa Pertumbuhan Ayam Broiler Minggu Pertama Wirahadikesuma, Ikhwan; Manalu, Wasmen; Maheswari, Hera; Maddu, Akhiruddin; Almiahsari, Ashri; Rizki, Muhammad; Mia Fitriana, And; Wirahadikesuma, Ikhwan Wirahadikesuma
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/avi.13.3.259-268

Abstract

Broiler chickens are a vital global commodity, known for their rapid growth and efficiency, but their productivity has historically relied on Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGP), necessitating the development of safe alternatives. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)-curcumin nanofibers as a potential substitute for Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGP) in improving the growth performance of broiler chickens. The nanofibers were synthesized via the electrospinning technique at varying PVA concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%, and their morphology was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The in vitro assay evaluated curcumin release profiles were measured in phosphate buffer (PBS, pH 7,4) at 37 °C. A seven-day in vivo experiment involving 30 broiler hens categorized into 5 groups to assess the impact of supplementation on body weight, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The synthesized PVA- curcumin nanofibers exhibited optimal dimensions (100–135 nm), with gradual curcumin release measuered at 43,5–51,5% at 5 minutes and 49,27–64,5% at 120 minutes. While statistical analysis showed no significant difference (p> 0,05). The treatment group showed higher average daily gain (ADG) (99,49–115,4 g) and feed intake (FI) (118,76–129,11 g), resulting in better feed conversion ratio (FCR) (0,921–1,00) compared to the control group. In conclusion, PVA-curcumin nanofibers were successfully synthesized, demonstrating their potential to improve growth performance, and are suitable as an alternative non-antibiotic growth promoter in broilers.
Identifikasi Tanda Klinis, Prevalensi, dan Faktor Risiko Sporotrikosis pada Kucing Peliharaan di Kota Denpasar Ryan Aufa Prasetia; Aufa Prasetia, Ryan; Kayati Widyastuti, Sri; Putriningsih, Putu Ayu Sisyawati
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/avi.13.3.269-277

Abstract

Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous and systemic mycotic infection affecting humans and animals. It is caused by a pathogenic dimorphic fungus of the genus Sporothrix. This study aimed to identify the clinical signs, prevalence, and risk factors of sporotrichosis in pet cats in Denpasar city. The sample of this study was the skin surface of cats, with a total sample of 101 cats. This study was conducted from November 2024 to January 2025. The examination method was carried out in four ways: physical examination, acetate tape preparation, and impression smear. The collection of skin surface samples was then examined by cytological techniques (Diff-Quik Staining). The results of this study showed that the clinical signs of one sporotrichosis-positive female cat included pruritus with a score of 4/10 in the head, face, and ear areas; the texture of the skin surface was rather rough and dry; there were crusts in the area between the right and left eyes; there was a lot of squama on most of her body's skin; and there was purulent discharge in both nostrils. The prevalence of sporotrichosis in pet cats in Denpasar city was 1%. Statistical analysis showed that factors such as sex, age, breed, husbandry, presence or absence of skin wounds, bathing frequency, and sterilization status were not risk factors for sporotrichosis.
The In Silico Toxicity of Serai Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus) and Mimba (Azadirachta indica anggraeni, Henny endah; Purwono, Rini Madyastuti; Sutardi, Lina Noviyanti; Mustika, Aulia Andi; Manalu, Wasmen; Andriyanto, Andriyanto
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/avi.13.3.278-285

Abstract

Natural active-ingredient-based shampoos offer an effective and eco-friendly solution for maintaining the skin and hair health of companion animals. This study aimed to predict the toxicity of phytochemical compounds from citronella oil (Cymbopogon nardus) and neem oil (Azadirachta indica) using an in silico approach with the ProTox-II platform. The analyzed compounds included limonene, farnesene, eucalyptol, menthol, oleic acid, p-cymene, indole, (9Z)-9- octadecenamide, amylbenzene, p-cresol, camphor, and dieugenol, selected based on LC-MS/MS analysis. The evaluated toxicological parameters comprised oral acute toxicity (LD50), hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity, genotoxicity (cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity), as well as nuclear receptor signaling and stress response pathways. The results revealed that p-cymene exhibited the highest toxicity (LD50 = 3 mg/kg, class I), followed by oleic acid (LD50 = 48 mg/kg, class II), whereas amylbenzene was classified as non-toxic (LD50 = 6430 mg/kg, class VI). All compounds were predicted to be non-hepatotoxic and non-immunotoxic; however, p-cymene, indole, and amylbenzene showed potential carcinogenicity. Limonene was predicted to be active against AhR, ER, MMP, and ATAD5 receptors, while dieugenol was active against nrf2/ARE, HSE, and MMP. These predictions suggest that most compounds are safe for shampoo applications, except for p-cymene, which requires further evaluation. This study provides preliminary insights for the development of safe and effective natural-based shampoos.
Kualitas Estrus pada Domba Garut Setelah Sinkronisasi Estrus Menggunakan Prostaglandin, Progesterone dan Kombinasinya Cristóvão, Adelaide José Pereira; Setiadi, Mohamad Agus; Setiadi, Dedi Rahmat; Mohamad Agus Setiadi
Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/avi.13.3.286-295

Abstract

Estrus synchronization is a technique used to stimulate estrus and ovulation in a group of animals using hormones. This study aimed to compare three estrus synchronization methods. Fifteen female garut sheep were used and treated with: progesterone-CIDR, double injection prostaglandins, and their combination. At standing heat, ewes were mated with a buck. The parameters measured include the onset estrus, duration estrus, pattern of electrical impedance in the vaginal mucus, number and size of follicles, and pregnancy status. All treated ewes responded to estrus (100%). There were different onset of estrus, namely CIDR (54h), CIDR+PGF2α (41h), and double injection of PGF2α (49.4h), respectively. Meanwhile, the Duration of estrus of CIDR (30,6h), CIDR+PGF2α (29.8h), and double injection of PGF2α (22.4h), respectively. Furthermore, electrical impedance of vaginal mucus at standing heat were CIDR (208Ω), CIDR+PGF2α (189Ω) and double injection of PGF2α (305Ω). The follicle size on H0 to standing heat in each group was significant (p<0.05), while the follicle count was significant only (p<0.05) in the CIDR group. Pregnancy rate was achieved by synchronization with CIDR and double injection prostaglandin (100%) compared to CIDR+PGF2α (40%). It's concluded that the third method of synchronization could result in the best estrus response with slight different characteristics.

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