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Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 24072354     EISSN : 24770612     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/psr
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Aims Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (PSR), an international, peer-reviewed, open access, and official journal from Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, aims to disseminate research results and findings in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices. Major area of interest is natural products in drug discovery and development. We also consider other areas related to pharmaceutical sciences and practices. PSR publishes content in English language to promote the sharing of knowledge to international scholars. PSR publish 5 types of articles: 1. Original article 2. Case report 3. Case series 4. Review article 5. Mini review article Scope Researches in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Practices which are covered by PSR are within these subject areas: - Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry - Pharmaceutical Chemistry - Pharmaceutical Technology - Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - Clinical Pharmacy - Pharmacology-Toxicology - Social and Administrative Pharmacy, including Pharmacoeconomy
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Articles 9 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 10, No. 3" : 9 Documents clear
Colon Targeted Delivery Dosage Forms for Probiotics: A Review Anjasmara, Gede Anom; Hartrianti, Pietradewi; Iswandana, Raditya
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 10, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Encapsulation was a promising method for protecting probiotics from extreme conditions during their passage through the gastrointestinal tract and delivering probiotics to specific sites in the colon for colonization. Various dosage forms have been used in recent years to encapsulate probiotics to maintain cell viability during processing, storage, and through the digestive tract to provide health benefits. However, research related to the encapsulation of probiotics as the dosage forms for colon-targeted delivery systems was still quite limited to conventional dosage forms due to the sensitivity of probiotics to extreme conditions during the process. This review focuses on various types of dosage forms that are used in colon-targeted delivery systems for commonly used probiotic bacteria. In this review, we discussed the limitations of the current dosage forms used in probiotic encapsulation, along with the latest advancements in colon-targeted delivery systems for probiotic products. This review also covers future perspectives on the potential dosage forms that can effectively maintain probiotic viability and provide specific release in the colon.
Molecular Docking Analysis of Acanthus ilicifolius Compounds Toward CUL4B-DDB1-AhR-ERα Complex Protein for Antiosteoporosis Discovery Dhiani, Binar Asrining; Sarmoko, Sarmoko; Wahyuningrum, Retno; Yulianto, Akbar
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 10, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Osteoporosis represents a significant global public health issue, particularly among the aging population. Its incidence reaches 18.3% of the total population, with the highest prevalence observed in elderly postmenopausal women. A key factor in osteoporosis is the decreased expression level of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), attributed to its degradation by the ubiquitin ligase protein complex Cullin4B (CUL4B), DNA damage binding 1 (DDB1), and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), collectively known as CUL4BAhR. Acanthus ilicifolius L contains compounds exhibiting antiosteoporosis activity, primarily by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis via RANKL. However, no reports exist of antiosteoporosis agents that act by inhibiting ERα degradation via CUL4BAhR. This study employed an in silico approach to predict active compounds from A. ilicifolius that could inhibit ERα degradation via CUL4BAhR, potentially developing them into antiosteoporosis agents. We utilized the 3D structures of proteins CUL4B-DDB1 (PDB ID:4A0L), AhR (5NJ8), and ERα (1A52) in various molecular docking tools, including ClusPro2.0, PyRx0.8, PyMol, PLIP, and SWISS-MODEL for QMEAN and structure assessment analysis. The ligands tested were acancifoliuside, acanthaminoside, acteoside, isoacteoside, (-)-lyoniresinol, (-)-lyioniresinol-3a-O-β-glucopyranoside, and estradiol. Acteoside displayed lower binding affinity energy (-9.7 kcal/mol) compared to estradiol (-8.9 kcal/mol) and was the lowest among all compounds. Acteoside was found to weaken the interaction between CUL4B-Rbx1 and CUL4B-DDB1 but not between AhR and ERα. Consequently, acteoside could be a viable candidate as an antiosteoporosis agent by inhibiting ERα degradation via the CUL4B-DDB1-AhR pathway. Further biochemical, in vitro, and in vivo studies are required to strengthen this evidence.
Exploring Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Calyx Extracts as Natural Dye and Antioxidants in Lip Cream Product: Formulation and Evaluation Ariestanti, Donna Maretta; Mun'im, Abdul; Djajadisastra, Joshita; Hutami, Riska Amalia Putri; Fadhila, Redhalfi; James, Richard Johari
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 10, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Rosella, also known as Hibiscus sabdariffa L., is a plant that contains anthocyanin compounds in its calyx, which are known for their antioxidant properties. These compounds give the plant a captivating red color and can be used as natural dyes. This study aimed to exploit anthocyanins in rosella calyx as natural dyes and antioxidants in lip cream product. The formulations employed extracts from rosella calyx, a viscous extract from maceration in 96% ethanol (F1) and a commercially available powdered rosella extract (F2). Evaluation on the formulations demonstrated that both F1 and F2 effectively maintained the color integrity of the lip cream. Moreover, an irritation test among 10 respondents showed no adverse reactions. Additionally, a hedonic test of 30 respondents revealed uniformity in homogeneity, odor, and spreadability on both formulations. However, a noticeable contrast emerged in color intensity, with F2 exhibiting greater intensity and preference over F1. The rosella calyx extract also demonstrated its antioxidant potential with an IC50 value of 130.11 ± 2.08 µg/ml. The study highlights the utility of rosella calyx extracts as a dual-functioning component in lip cosmetics. The findings indicate the variations in formulation efficacy and color intensity, emphasizing the potential of rosella-derived extracts in developing cosmetics with enhanced aesthetic appeal and functional antioxidant attributes.
Antioxidant Activities of RoJa Herbal Tea: Combination of Rosella Flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) and Ginger Rhizome (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) Widowati, Wahyu; Wargasetia, Teresa Liliana; Zakaria, Teddy Marcus; Gunadi, Michael Sebastian; Halim, Nathanael; Santiadi, Sherly; Kusuma, Hanna Sari Widya; Fauziyah, Nida Firyal
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 10, No. 3
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Abstract

Herbal teas and plant-based medicines have been widely used worldwide for their therapeutic and healing qualities. Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) has various benefits in preventing digestive problems, liver disease, fever, and others. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) or known as jahe in Indonesia is believed to benefit numerous clinical conditions linked to oxidative stress, including pancreatitis, hypertension, diabetic kidney disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and tumor development. They have been utilized in traditional medical practice to treat conditions such as fever, nausea, and headaches. In this study, we aimed to determine the antioxidant activities of rosella flower tea, ginger tea, and a combination of both, namely RoJa (Rosella-Jahe) tea. Antioxidant activities were analyzed by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), 2-2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging activities, and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay, as well as by measuring the amount of total phenolic and flavonoid content. Rosella tea had the greatest activity in the DPPH assay, with an IC50 value of 0.412 mg/ml. Ginger tea had the greatest activity for the ABTS, FRAP, and H2O2 tests, with IC50 values of 12.595 mg/ml, 0.494 mg/ml, and 1.323 mg/ml, respectively. Ginger tea also had the highest amount of total phenolic (3.61 µg GAE/g sample) and flavonoid content (11.81 µg QE/g). In conclusion, ginger tea showed the highest antioxidant activities, as well as total phenolic and flavonoid content, compared to rosella and RoJa tea.
Subchronic Toxicity Study of Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll. Ex Miq. Leaves Extract Prastiwi, Rini; Hidayati, Ester; Anggraini, Riska; Mauliza, Cut; Anggraini, Ita; Dewanti, Ema
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 10, No. 3
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Abstract

Ki hampelas (Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll. Ex Miq.) is traditionally used as an antiasthma. It also reported has antioxidant and nephroprotective activity. This study was conducted to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of the leaf extract of ki hampelas. The extract was orally administered to male and female Sprague-Dawley rats at doses of 50, 200, and 400 mg/kg bodyweight (BW) per day for 28 days. The rats were divided into four groups, consist of consist of normal group (Na CMC 0.5%), dose 1 (50 mg/kg BW), dose 2 (200 mg/kg BW), and dose 3 (400 mg/ kg BW) of extract. The extract was administered every day for 28 days. Subchronic toxicity in the male and female rats resulted in no death or treatment-related signs at the highest dose. All the animals survived the duration of the study, with no significant changes in biochemical parameters and there was a change in the liver and kidney histopathology results. There was no significant difference between the SGOT, SGPT, urea, and creatinine levels in the dose groups with extracts and the normal group (p > 0.05). However, based on the histological results of the liver and kidneys it was found a significant difference among the groups. This study showed that the leaf extract of ki hampelas is relatively non-toxic according to the normal biochemical parameters results and has no treatment-related signs. There was a change in the liver and kidney histopathology results, but no death was found.
The Potential of Herbal Combinations as Adjunctive Therapy for Standard Care of COVID-19 Patients: A Lesson Learned from Indonesia Rozaliyani, Anna; Pratama, Satria; Setianingrum, Findra; Yunita, Fenny; Rumende, C. Martin
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 10, No. 3
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Abstract

The pandemic of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a global disaster that occurred between the end of 2019 and 2023. It caused immeasurable damage to almost all aspects of human life. The disease has opened a lot of new perspectives on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) origins and pathogenesis, the nature of the virus, the potential for new treatments, and new policies to overcome this pandemic. This review aims to know the potential of plants that are beneficial to combat the diseases, including immunomodulators in the management of COVID-19. Studies reporting COVID-19 with the keywords SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, medicinal plants, and their benefits were included. We also discussed the molecular pathways of the bioactive compound that may interact with the pathogenesis of COVID-19. Clinical management for COVID-19 is still being refined from time to time because many aspects are not yet fully understood and need further studies. Therefore, effective, non-invasive, and affordable treatment must be sought immediately to meet this very urgent need. The commotion situation of the COVID-19 pandemic has encouraged various efforts to develop new drugs, including alternative therapies from potential medicinal plants. The pharmacotherapeutic activity of Indonesia-based medicinal plants for COVID-19 has evolved, including Phyllanthus niruri, Andrographis paniculata, Anacardium occidentale, Zingiber officinale, and Glycyrrhiza glabra. The potential benefits of that combination of herbal medicinal plants also need to be explored for better contribution in managing COVID-19, particularly in Indonesia.
Tracing Antibacterial Compounds from Kaledang (Artocarpus lanceifolius Roxb.) Stem Bark Hasan, Hamsidar; Tuloli, Tety; Bahri, Syamsul; Aman, La Ode
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 10, No. 3
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Abstract

Artocarpus lanceifolius Roxb. or kaledang is a species of the mulberry family, Moraceae. Several extracts from its family have been reported to have antibacterial activity. Thus, it is necessary to determine compounds that have nature as antibacterial to be raw materials for antibacterial herbal medicines. The purpose of the study was to trace compounds that have antibacterial activity from Artocarpus lanceifolius stem bark. The study method was extraction by graded maceration, fractionation with column vacuum chromatography (CVC), isolation by radial chromatography, determination of antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method using the Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The characterization result of antibacterial compounds from Artocarpus lanceifolius chloroform extract stem bark showed the presence of prenylated flavonoid compound, namely 14-hydroxyartonin E (previously reported) with a diameter of inhibition zone at 5% concentration was 14.5 ± 0.1 mm against S. aureus (medium category), and 16.20 ± 0.2 mm against S. mutans (strong category), 14.3 ± 0.2 mm against E. coli (medium category), and 16.8± 0.7 mm against P. aeruginosa (strong category). It is concluded that 14-hydroxyartonin E in Artocarpus lanceifolius showed potential antibacterial activity.
Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Fractions of Gossypium barbadense Leaves and Isolation of Stigmasterol Saddiq, Maryam; Salisu, Ahmed; Kabir, Kamaluddeen; Hassan, Yusuf
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 10, No. 3
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Abstract

Plants have been used in traditional medicine in different parts of the world to treat several diseases. Many studies have confirmed their medicinal values, which have led to the isolation and characterization of various potential drug candidates. This study focuses on the antimicrobial activity of crude fractions of Gossypium barbadense leaves and the isolation of active compound. The pulverized plant leave was soaked in ethanol (98% v/v), and a solvent-based fractionation was carried out using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The obtained crude fractions were screened for antimicrobial activity against four (4) clinical isolates: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. NMR and FTIR analyses of the most active fraction were carried out. The ethanol fraction showed the highest extraction yield and premier antimicrobial activity against the tested organisms. At 500 mg/mL, the fraction showed inhibition of 28.50±1.14, 26.40±1.46, 21.00±0.05 and 18.03±0.41 mm against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and C. albicans respectively. The lower Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of 12.5 mg/mL were obtained against E. coli and P. aeruginosa. NMR and FTIR analyses revealed that the isolated compound is stigmasterol, which is known to possess antimicrobial properties. However, compounds that were not isolated could have also contributed significantly to the antimicrobial activities of the fraction. Results of this study justifies the use of leaves extract of Gossypium barbadense as an antimicrobial agent.
Study of Anti-hyperuricemia, Anti-inflammatory, and Anti-nociceptive Effects of Hylocereus undatus Stem Bark Extract in Animal Models Wahyuni, Tri; Putri, Sartika Harka; Bahtiar, Anton
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 10, No. 3
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Abstract

Dragon fruit, known as Hylocereus undantus (HU), has traditionally been utilized in Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia, for addressing gout and rheumatism. Despite its empirical use, there is a lack of reported pharmacological research on this plant. This study aimed to explore the properties of HU extract in treating hyperuricemia, inflammation, and pain. Adenine-potassium oxonate-induced mice were employed to evaluate anti-hyperuricemia activity, measuring uric acid, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine serum levels. Carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats was used to assess anti-inflammatory activity, while acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing and hot plate tests were conducted to investigate anti-nociceptive effects. The results revealed that administering HU extracts at 400 mg/kg notably reduced uric acid levels (p<0.01). Moreover, doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg showed significant reductions in BUN and creatinine serum levels (p<0.0001). At a dose of 400 mg/kg, HU extract exhibited a significant anti-inflammatory effect two hours post-administration, manifesting a 15% and 26% reduction in paw edema for male and female mice, respectively (p<0.005, p<0.001). Additionally, doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg demonstrated anti-nociceptive effects in acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction. Furthermore, at 400 mg/kg, the extract exhibited anti-nociceptive activity (p<0.001) three hours post-administration using the hot plate method. This study underscores the potent anti-hyperuricemia, anti-inflammatory, and anti-nociceptive properties of HU. The implications of these findings contribute significantly to comprehending the therapeutic potential of HU.

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